Spatial Differentiation of Arable Land and Permanent Grassland to Improve a Land Management Model for Nutrient Balancing

<p>The recent research and policy efforts on climate change mitigation highlight the need for proper understanding of the effects of many types of land management interventions on greenhouse gas exchange processes. The complexity of carbon and nitrogen cycles, which is the case also for agricultural ecosystems, call for model-based research approaches. These can make the decision-making applications easier as well. The agricultural use of sewage sludge is widespread in many countries. There are a number of case studies about its possible effects on greenhouse gas fluxes under different climatic conditions, but there are not many experiences in relevant model-based assessments. In our contribution, the Biome-BGC MuSo (v.6.) model was used for the investigation of the main characteristics of ecosystem exchange of carbon in arable land of warm dry temperate climate in the Great Plain of Hungary. The Biome-BGC is one of the most widely used biogeochemical models, it is capable of handling different land management activities, have a multilayer soil module and enable a quite detailed ecophysiological parameterization, which make it suitable for the targeted study. The results of laboratory analyses of soil profiles of the study area were used for the parameterization (element contents, organic matter, etc.). The poster presents the first results of the integrated measurement and modelling research work.</p>

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Effect of land use change on soil organic carbon

Agriculture (Pol nohospodárstvo) ◽

10.1515/agri-2016-0002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 10-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriela Barančíková ◽

Jarmila Makovníková ◽

Ján Halas

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Arable Land ◽

Statistical Parameter ◽

Arable Soils ◽

Permanent Grassland ◽

Before And After ◽

Aliphatic Carbon

Abstract The direction of changes and conversion of soil organic carbon (SOC) is in most current ecosystems influenced by human activity. Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute is responsible for monitoring the agricultural soils in a five-year cycle. One part of the soil monitoring involves the determination of the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. Further, we followed the conversion of arable land on grassland during more than 20 years of monitoring period at some locations where changes in land use occurred. Ten places on basic network and 2 places on key monitoring localities in which arable land have been converted into grassland were identified. About 50 percent of studied soils converted into permanent grassland were Cambisols. The other converted soil types were Luvic Stagnosol, Stagnic Regosol, Mollic Fluvisol, and Stagnic Luvisol. The results showed that after the third monitoring cycle (2002), increase of SOC was observed in all the localities, with the change in land use. Statistical parameter (t-test) confirmed significant differences between the set of average SOC values before and after the land use conversion. The chemical structure of humic acids (HA) isolated from arable soil and permanent grassland indicated increasing of aliphatic carbon content in grassland HA. More aromatic and stabile were HA isolated from arable soils.

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The nesting ecology and postembryonic development of the Columba rupestris in Tuva and Buryatia

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv202093108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 49-53

Author(s):

Tsydypzhap Z. Dorzhiev ◽

Ariyana Tomur-oolovna Saaya

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

Construction Material ◽

Arable Land ◽

Spatial Differentiation ◽

Columba Livia ◽

Postembryonic Development ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Rural Settlements ◽

Nesting Ecology ◽

Private Households

A material on the nesting ecology of Columba rupestris was collected in southern Siberia on the territory of Tuva and Buryatia. The Columba rupestris lives sedentary in various types of localities and a small proportion in the natural rocks of open spaces. The number of this species has now decreased by 35 times compared to the 7090-es of the 20th century. It is due to the deterioration of the food supply as a result of the elimination and reduction of arable land near settlements, the reduction of livestock in private households, changes in the architecture and construction material of buildings, first of all, the replacement of slate roofs with metal profiles. The most preferred localities are medium and small rural settlements located in forest-steppe and steppe landscapes. The deterioration of habitat conditions affected the structure of nesting settlements, and colonies became small (no more than 3050 birds compared to 100200 individuals at the end of the 20th century). Breeding periods in localities are stretched from late February to mid-October, but the majority of populations breed from the 20th of March to the end of July. Birds manage to hatch their сhicks 24 times, 2,4 times on average. There are 2 eggs in a clutch, incubation lasts 17 days, and the сhicks leave the nest at 26 days of age. The paper presents features of growth and development of chicks. Nesting efficiency (ratio of the number of chicks that have reached sexual maturity to the total number of eggs laid) equals to 27%. It is noted that currently interspecific hybridization of Columba rupestris and Columba livia, which was observed relatively often in the second half of the 20th century, has almost stopped due to a decrease in the number of both species, which led to greater spatial differentiation.

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SPATIAL-FUNCTIONAL METHOD LAND ORDER FORMATION OF AGRICULTURE LANDSCAPE RESISTANCE

Urban development and spatial planning ◽

10.32347/2076-815x.2021.77.7-16 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 7-16

Author(s):

Volodymyr Artamonov ◽

Maryna Vasylenko

Keyword(s):

Land Management ◽

Crop Production ◽

Arable Land ◽

Functional Method ◽

Agricultural Landscapes ◽

The State ◽

Anthropogenic Activity ◽

Landscape Resistance ◽

Natural Conditions ◽

Systematic Analysis

Peculiarities of natural conditions of the territory of Ukraine have historically determined mainly the agricultural use of its lands, the indirect consequence of which was the formation of agro-landscapes as a specific form of spatial realization of anthropogenic activity. The study of agrolandscapes, a comprehensive assessment of their condition and development trends, development and implementation of adequate land management solutions are a key task to avoid degradation, especially arable land. In the context of the above, the shortcomings of modern proposals and indicators for assessing the state of agricultural landscapes and their land management are considered and identified. Concerns about the recommendations of domestic scientists and practitioners to transform about 12 million hectares of arable land into other lands are justified. The motivation for this decision was the idea of excessive plowing of the territory of Ukraine, although world experience provides positive evidence of successful agriculture, even under such conditions. Allegations of insufficient study of the problem of land management formation of sustainable agrolandscapes are given. It is proposed to use the term "sustainable" for the agro-landscape, the state of which corresponds to the ecological and social-industrial conditions of land use. Systematic analysis of the structural components (lands) of the agro-landscape revealed the significant role of their interaction in creating and maintaining a microclimate favorable for crop production in adverse natural conditions. The legitimacy and expediency and practical efficiency of using the spatial-functional method of land management formation of the stability of agro-landscapes are substantiated.

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Research on the Scale of Agricultural Land Moderate Management and Countermeasures Based on Farm Household Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131910591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 10591

Author(s):

Xin Yan ◽

Yuejian Wang ◽

Guang Yang ◽

Na Liao ◽

Fadong Li

Keyword(s):

Land Management ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Industrial Structure ◽

Arable Land ◽

Agricultural Area ◽

Land Utilization ◽

Hilly Area ◽

Agricultural Business ◽

Business Entities ◽

Agricultural Land Management

The scale of agricultural land management was scientifically measured to provide a theoretical reference for improving the efficiency of agricultural land utilization, optimizing the industrial structure, and effectively solving the “three rural problems”. Based on 368 microfarmers’ agricultural land management questionnaire responses, the Cobb–Douglas production function was used to measure the average household size in different zones of Shawan City, Xinjiang, and then to calculate the total scale of moderate management in the region, and to divide the supplementary and reduced zones of arable land. The proposed countermeasures and suggestions for achieving the scale of moderate management from the perspectives of both people and land are presented. The results show the following: (1) the average suitable operating scales of households in the hilly area, the agricultural area in the oasis plain, and the oasis–desert interlace area were 5.15, 9.28, and 7.74 ha, respectively. (2) The moderate total scales of operation in the low hilly area, the middle oasis plain agricultural area, and the lower oasis–desert ecotone were 60,380, 112,510, and 115,500 ha, respectively. (3) Two areas, the low mountainous and hilly areas and the oasis plain farming areas, are supplementary areas of arable land, which should be supplemented by improving the management capacity of farmers, cultivating two new agricultural business entities, increasing land transfers, developing modern agriculture, and reducing the degree of fragmentation of arable land. The oasis–desert staggered area is the area where the scale of arable land is reduced. We should vigorously implement the work of retreating land and reducing water, and guide farmers to engage in secondary and tertiary industries so as to reduce the scale of arable land.

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Analysis of surface soil moisture patterns in agricultural landscapes using empirical orthogonal functions

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-6-5565-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 5565-5601 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. Korres ◽

C. N. Koyama ◽

P. Fiener ◽

K. Schneider

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Spatial Variability ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Land Management ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Arable Land ◽

Temporal Patterns ◽

Test Site ◽

Surface Soil Moisture ◽

Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Soil moisture is one of the fundamental variables in hydrology, meteorology and agriculture. Nevertheless, its spatio-temporal patterns in agriculturally used landscapes affected by multiple natural (rainfall, soil, topography etc.) and agronomic (fertilisation, soil management etc.) factors are often not well known. The aim of this study is to determine the dominant factors governing the spatio-temporal patterns of surface soil moisture in a grassland and an arable land test site within the Rur catchment in Western Germany. Surface soil moisture (0–6 cm) has been measured in an approx. 50×50 m grid at 14 and 17 dates (May 2007 to November 2008) in both test sites. To analyse spatio-temporal patterns of surface soil moisture, an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis was applied and the results were correlated with parameters derived from topography, soil, vegetation and land management to connect the pattern to related factors and processes. For the grassland test site, the analysis results in one significant spatial structure (first EOF), which explains about 57.5% of the spatial variability connected to soil properties and topography. The weight of the first spatial EOF is stronger on wet days. The highest temporal variability can be found in locations with a high percentage of soil organic carbon (SOC). For the arable land test site, the analysis yields two significant spatial structures, the first EOF, explaining 38.4% of the spatial variability, shows a highly significant correlation to soil properties, namely soil texture. The second EOF, explaining 28.3% of the spatial variability, is connected to differences in land management. The soil moisture in the arable land test site varies more during dry and wet periods on locations with low porosity.

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Zmiany w rolniczym użytkowaniu ziemi w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej po upadku

Studia Obszarów Wiejskich ◽

10.7163/sow.57.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 15-34

Author(s):

Jerzy Bański

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Arable Land ◽

Spatial Differentiation ◽

Eastern Bloc ◽

Structural Elements ◽

Agricultural Policies ◽

East Central Europe ◽

Eastern European Countries

The aim of this study is to diagnose and identify trends for agricultural land use structure in the Central and Eastern European countries. Particular attention has been paid to the spatial differentiation characterising that structure, and to the significance that diverse kinds of conditioning have had in shaping it. Analysis has extended to the basic structural elements of agricultural land that are arable land, grasslands and permanent crops, while the countries included are the East-Central Europe acceding to the EU, i.e., Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Croatia, Slovenia and Bulgaria. The main sources of database have been Eurostat and FAO. The region under study emerges as very much diversified in terms of structure relating to structural elements of agricultural land. However, once the Eastern Bloc fell, all the countries experienced losses in area of agricultural land, as well as declines in the amounts of land growing permanent crops. Where key crops were concerned, the share of industrial species increase at the expense of vegetables, fruits and potatoes cultivation. Key factors underpinning observed trends for land use comprised privatisation and restitution of land, demographic processes in rural areas, domestic and EU agricultural policies as well as agro-ecological conditions.

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Effects of climate change and land management on soil organic carbon dynamics and carbon leaching in northwestern Europe

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-13-1519-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1519-1536 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Maria Stergiadi ◽

Marcel van der Perk ◽

Ton C. M. de Nijs ◽

Marc F. P. Bierkens

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Land Management ◽

Arable Land ◽

Climate Change Scenarios ◽

Century Model ◽

Precipitation Effect ◽

Land Use Types

Abstract. Climate change and land management practices are projected to significantly affect soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching from soils. In this modelling study, we adopted the Century model to simulate past (1906–2012), present, and future (2013–2100) SOC and DOC levels for sandy and loamy soils typical of northwestern European conditions under three land use types (forest, grassland, and arable land) and several future scenarios addressing climate change and land management change. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the Century model has been applied to assess the effects of climate change and land management on DOC concentrations and leaching rates, which, in combination with SOC, play a major role in metal transport through soil. The simulated current SOC levels were generally in line with the observed values for the different kinds of soil and land use types. The climate change scenarios result in a decrease in both SOC and DOC for the agricultural systems, whereas for the forest systems, SOC is projected to slightly increase and DOC to decrease. An analysis of the sole effects of changes in temperature and changes in precipitation showed that, for SOC, the temperature effect predominates over the precipitation effect, whereas for DOC the precipitation effect is more prominent. A reduction in the application rates of fertilisers under the land management scenario leads to a decrease in the SOC stocks and the DOC leaching rates for the arable land systems, but it has a negligible effect on SOC and DOC levels for the grassland systems. Our study demonstrated the ability of the Century model to simulate climate change and agricultural management effects on SOC dynamics and DOC leaching, providing a robust tool for the assessment of carbon sequestration and the implications for contaminant transport in soils.

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