Optical Index-Coded Space Shift Keying (IC/SSK)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Erdal Panayirci
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
F. Hasselbach ◽  
A. Schäfer

Möllenstedt and Wohland proposed in 1980 two methods for measuring the coherence lengths of electron wave packets interferometrically by observing interference fringe contrast in dependence on the longitudinal shift of the wave packets. In both cases an electron beam is split by an electron optical biprism into two coherent wave packets, and subsequently both packets travel part of their way to the interference plane in regions of different electric potential, either in a Faraday cage (Fig. 1a) or in a Wien filter (crossed electric and magnetic fields, Fig. 1b). In the Faraday cage the phase and group velocity of the upper beam (Fig.1a) is retarded or accelerated according to the cage potential. In the Wien filter the group velocity of both beams varies with its excitation while the phase velocity remains unchanged. The phase of the electron wave is not affected at all in the compensated state of the Wien filter since the electron optical index of refraction in this state equals 1 inside and outside of the Wien filter.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Fatima faydhe Al- Azzawi ◽  
Faeza Abas Abid ◽  
Zainab faydhe Al-Azzawi

Phase shift keying modulation approaches are widely used in the communication industry. Differential phase shift keying (DPSK) and Offset Quadrature phase shift keying (OQPSK) schemes are chosen to be investigated is multi environment channels, where both systems are designed using MATLAB Simulink and tested. Cross talk and unity of signals generated from DPSK and OQPSK are examined using Cross-correlation and auto-correlation, respectively. In this research a proposed system included improvement in bit error rate (BER) of both systems in  the additive white Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel, by using the convolutional and block codes, by increasing the ratio of energy in the specular component to the energy in the diffuse component (k) and  the diversity order BER in the fading channels will be improved in both systems.    


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 902-908
Author(s):  
Syed Zahiruddin ◽  
Avireni Srinivasulu ◽  
Musala Sarada

Objective: The interest concern towards the development of enabling technology towards new current mode devices has forced the designers and researchers for the invention of devices, which has having the characteristics like such as low power, robustness, compactness, efficiency and scalability. Methods: Second Generation Current Controlled Conveyor (CCCII) is the prevailing current mode device of the times today. Since its invention by A. Fabre, it has prominent applications in the field of analog signal processing and in biomedical applications too. In this manuscript, CCCII is used as an enabling device to design a Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Generator. Results: The proposed topology is designed using a single active device CCCII with least passive components. The circuit enjoys the features of like electronic tunability of frequency using the bias current. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the FSK generator circuit designed using single CCCII confers better results in contrast to the existing structures. The maximum power consumption is 0.196 mW. The proposed circuit has the benefit of simple configuration, which is very much proficient for IC fabrication.


Author(s):  
M. E. Shevchenko ◽  
A. V. Gorovoy ◽  
S. N. Solovyov

The paper considers the spatial filtering methods of signals with spectrum overlapping under conditions of a priori uncertainty of the directions of arrival from radio sources. The estimates of the directions of signals arrival obtained by ESPRIT or MUSIC are used in order to build a spatial filter. It is shown that when using ESPRIT, unlike MUSIC, an additional calculations of filter coefficients based on estimates of the directions of signals arrival are not required, and the quadrature components of the signals are formed simultaneously with estimates of the direction of their arrival. The probability of error performances of minimum shift keying signals which were divided by spatial filtering on the basis of ESPRIT and MUSIC using seven-element circular and angular antenna arrays are given.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Alexandros E. Tzikas ◽  
Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis ◽  
George K. Karagiannidis

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