This study investigated the relationships among managerial leadership, transformational leadership, and performance of school administrators of Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College (NIPSC) through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Covariance-Based SEM (CB-SEM), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with its default Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) were used to test the hypothesized model that managerial leadership covary transformational leadership which were both related to the school administrators’ performance. Results revealed that of the eight alternative models, two equivalent models, one model generates every probability distribution that can be generated by another model, Model B3 and Model D3 were generated, got the smallest Alkaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayes Information Criterion (BIC) indicating that both models had relatively better fit. Model B3 and Model D3 have the same degrees of freedom but feature a different configuration of paths among the same variables. However, of the two equivalent models, model B3 was rejected due to discriminant validity concerns while model D3 passed both measurement model and structural model, model D3 was confirmed and retained. As contribution to the fields of education, management and leadership, the researcher confirmed and recommends, through CB-SEM using CFA with its default MLE, the Managerial Leadership and Performance as fully mediated by Transformational Leadership Model.
Novel baseband equivalent models of quadrature modulated all-digital transmitters
