Signal-to-Noise Ratio Equalized Filtered Back-Projection for Positron Emission Tomography

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Filtered Back Projection ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Noise Ratio

scholarly journals Analysis of Individual Positron Emission Tomography Activation Maps by Detection of High Signal-to-Noise-Ratio Pixel Clusters

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Poline ◽  
Bernard M. Mazoyer
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
New Method ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Noise Ratio

We present a new method for the analysis of individual brain positron emission tomography (PET) activation maps that looks for activated areas of a certain size rather than pixels with maximum values. High signal-to-noise-ratio pixel clusters (HSC) are identified and their sizes are statistically tested with respect to a Monte-Carlo–derived distribution of cluster sizes in pure noise images. From multiple HSC size tests, a strategy is proposed for control of the overall type I error. The sensitivity and specificity of this method have been assessed using realistic Monte Carlo simulations of brain activation maps. When compared with the γ2 statistic of the local maxima distribution, the proposed method showed enhanced sensitivity, particularly for signals of low magnitude and/or large size. Its potential for the individual analysis of PET activation studies is presented in two sets of subjects who underwent two cognitive protocols. Although it can be viewed as an alternative to the classical stereotactic averaging approach, this new method is intended to be a first step toward the analysis of single-subject PET activation studies.

scholarly journals Information Capacity of Positron Emission Tomography Scanners

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Michail ◽  
George Karpetas ◽  
Nektarios Kalyvas ◽  
Ioannis Valais ◽  
Ioannis Kandarakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Information Capacity ◽  
Posteriori Probability ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Filtered Back Projection ◽  
A Posteriori Probability ◽  
Single Index ◽  
Positron Emission

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the upper information content bound of positron emission tomography (PET) images, by means of the information capacity (IC). Methods: The Geant4 Application for the Tomographic Emission (GATE) Monte Carlo (MC) package was used, and reconstructed images were obtained by using the software for tomographic image reconstruction (STIR). The case study for the assessment of the information content was the General Electric (GE) Discovery-ST PET scanner. A thin-film plane source aluminum (Al) foil, coated with a thin layer of silica and with a 18F-fludeoxyglucose (FDG) bath distribution of 1 MBq was used. The influence of the (a) maximum likelihood estimation-ordered subsets-maximum a posteriori probability-one step late (MLE-OS-MAP-OSL) algorithm, using various subsets (1 to 21) and iterations (1 to 20) and (b) different scintillating crystals on PET scanner’s performance, was examined. The study was focused on the noise equivalent quanta (NEQ) and on the single index IC. Images of configurations by using different crystals were obtained after the commonly used 2-dimensional filtered back projection (FBP2D), 3-dimensional filtered back projection re-projection (FPB3DRP) and the (MLE)-OS-MAP-OSL algorithms. Results: Results shown that the images obtained with one subset and various iterations provided maximum NEQ values, however with a steep drop-off after 0.045 cycles/mm. The single index IC data were maximized for the range of 8–20 iterations and three subsets. The PET scanner configuration incorporating lutetium orthoaluminate perovskite (LuAP) crystals provided the highest NEQ values in 2D FBP for spatial frequencies higher than 0.028 cycles/mm. Bismuth germanium oxide (BGO) shows clear dominance against all other examined crystals across the spatial frequency range, in both 3D FBP and OS-MAP-OSL. The particular PET scanner provided optimum IC values using FBP3DRP and BGO crystals (2.4829 bits/mm2). Conclusions: The upper bound of the image information content of PET scanners can be fully characterized and further improved by investigating the imaging chain components through MC methods.

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