Numerical Simulation of High-Current Vacuum Arcs Under Axial Magnetic Fields With Consideration of Current Density Distribution at Cathode

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 3233-3243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenli Jia ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Zongqian Shi ◽  
...  
Circuit World ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
Jing Xiang ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Yuanming Chen ◽  
Feng Xia ◽  
Wei He ◽  
...  

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the synergism of convection, current density distribution and additives by numerical simulation and electrochemical experiments for good throwing power (TP) of copper electro-deposition in printed circuit board (PCB) manufacture. Design/methodology/approach The flow field of THs and current density distribution on various AR of THs are calculated and analyzed. Meanwhile, corresponding simulation is used to study the performance of plating electrolytes on TP. Two electrochemical parameters, overpotential (η) and potential difference (△η), are chosen to evaluate the electrochemical properties of different plating solutions by galvanostatic measurement and potentiodynamic cathode polarization at different rotating speeds. Findings By combining both the results of simulation and practical plating, these two electrochemical properties of electrolytes exhibit significant impact to the system at varied conditions. Especially, the electrolyte with higher polarizing η and △η values lead to the elevated TP for AR of more than 2:1. Originality/value The harring cell model is built as a bridge between the theoretical and experimental study for control of uniformity of plating THs in PCB manufacturing. This dual-parameter evaluation is validated to be a promising decisive method to guide the THs plating with particular AR in industry.


Author(s):  
Tien-Chien Jen ◽  
Tuanzhou Yan

A two-phase flow model was developed for liquid-feed methanol fuel cells (DMFC) to evaluate the effects of various operating parameters on the DMFC performance. In this study, a general homogenous two-dimensional model is described in details for both porous layers and fluid channels. This two-dimensional general model accounts for fluid flow, electrochemical kinetics, current density distribution, hydrodynamics, multi-component transport, and methanol crossover. It starts from basic transport equations including mass conservation, momentum transport, energy balance, and species concentration conservation in different elements of the fuel cell sandwich, as well as the equations for the phase potential in the membrane and the catalyst layers. These governing equations are coupled with chemical reaction kinetics by introducing various source terms. It is found that all these equations are in a very similar form except the source terms. Based on this observation, all the governing equations can be solved using the same numerical formulation in the single domain without prescribing the boundary conditions at the various interfaces between the different elements of the fuel cell. Detailed numerical formulations are presented in this paper. The numerical simulation results, such as velocity field, local current density distribution, and species concentration variation along the flow channel, under various operation conditions are computed. The performance of the DMFC affected by various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and methanol concentration is investigated in this paper. The numerical results are further validated with available experimental data from the published literatures.


2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Yamamoto ◽  
Soshi Iwata ◽  
Toru Iwao ◽  
Yoshiyasu Ehara

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Aleksey S. Kozhechenko ◽  
◽  
Aleksey V. Shcherbakov ◽  
Regina V. Rodyakina ◽  
Daria A. Gaponova ◽  
...  

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