scholarly journals Maternal Thyroid Function during the First Trimester of Pregnancy in Korean Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Wook Choi ◽  
You Jung Han ◽  
Dong Wook Kwak ◽  
So Young Park ◽  
Sung Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Thyroid

The role of maternal prenatal thyroid function on offspring depression: Findings from the ALSPAC cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagnachew Muluye Fetene ◽  
Kim S. Betts ◽  
Rosa Alati
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Child Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractMaternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy may contribute to offspring neurobehavioral disorders. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and offspring depression and anxiety. Data were taken from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. A total of 2,920 mother-child pairs were included. Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were assessed during the first trimester of pregnancy because maternal supply is the only source of thyroid hormone for the fetus during the first 12 weeks of gestation. Child symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment at ages 7.5 and 15 years. The odds of presenting with depression and anxiety were estimated using the generalized estimating equation. The level of FT4 during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with child depression combined at ages 7.5 and 15 (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [1.00, 1.14]. An increase of 1 standard deviation of FT4 during pregnancy increased the odds of child depression by 28% after adjustment made for potential confounders. No association was found among maternal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, FT4, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies and childhood anxiety. In conclusion, increased levels of FT4 during the first trimester of pregnancy appear be linked to greater risk of offspring depression.

scholarly journals Exposure to Propylthiouracil in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Birth Defects: A Study at a Single Institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Yoshihara ◽  
Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh ◽  
Natsuko Watanabe ◽  
Miho Fukushita ◽  
Masako Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group A ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Thyroid

Abstract Context Medical treatment of Graves disease during the first trimester has been the subject of controversy ever since treatment with an antithyroid drug during the first trimester was reported to possibly be associated with an increased risk of birth defects in newborns. Objective We investigated whether the incidence of birth defects among newborns born to mothers with Graves disease (GD) treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) during the first trimester of pregnancy was higher than in a control group that was not exposed to any medication. Methods We reviewed the cases of 1913 women with GD who gave birth between January 1, 2015, and May 31, 2019. Detailed information concerning the outcome of pregnancy and the presence of birth defects was collected at the first visit after the delivery and again 1 year after delivery. We classified the mothers and infants into 3 groups according to the treatment the mother had received for GD in the first trimester of pregnancy: a group in which the mothers had been treated with PTU alone (PTU group), a group in which the mothers had not been treated with any medication (control group), and a group in which the mothers had received some other medical treatment, such as thiamazole, potassium iodide, or 2 or more drugs (other treatment group). Results The incidence of malformed infant births was 5.5% (30/541 infants) in the PTU group and 5.7% (27/ 475 infants) in the control group. There were no specific birth defects in the PTU group, and there were no significant differences between PTU dosages or maternal thyroid function according to whether mothers had delivered a child with a birth defect. Conclusion The results of our retrospective study showed that treatment with PTU during the first trimester of pregnancy did not increase the incidence of birth defects among newborns.

scholarly journals Expression and uptake of the thyroxine-binding protein transthyretin is regulated by oxygen in primary trophoblast placental cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Patel ◽  
K A Landers ◽  
R H Mortimer ◽  
K Richard
Keyword(s):  
Luciferase Activity ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Hormone Binding Protein ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Choriocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
Cells Cultured

Transplacental delivery of maternal thyroid hormones to the fetus, in particular thyroxine (T4), is critical in ensuring normal fetal neurological development. The fetus relies on maternal T4till around 16 weeks gestation, but mechanisms of placental T4transport are not yet fully elucidated. Placenta produces, secretes and takes up the thyroid hormone-binding protein transthyretin (TTR). Many placental genes are regulated by oxygen levels, which are relatively low (1%) in the early first trimester, rising to 3% in the mid first trimester and 8% in the early second trimester and thereafter. We examined the expression and uptake of TTR in isolated primary human placental cytotrophoblast cells cultured under different oxygen concentrations (1, 3, 8, 21% O2and 200 μM desferrioxamine (DFO)) for 24 h. We observed sevenfold higher expression ofTTRmRNA and protein levels at 1% O2than at 8 and 21% O2. Significant increases were observed after culture at 3% O2and following DFO treatment. We observed significantly higher uptake of125I-TTR and Alexa-594-TTR when cells were cultured at 1 and 3% O2and in the presence of 200 μM DFO than at 8 and 21% O2. When JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells were transfected with TTR promoter reporter constructs, increased luciferase activity was measured in cells cultured at 1 and 3% O2in comparison to 8 and 21% O2. We conclude that placental TTR expression and uptake is increased by the relative hypoxia observed in the first trimester of pregnancy, a time when materno–fetal T4transfer is the sole source of fetal T4.

scholarly journals Normal intracranial BS/BSOB ratio values in the first trimester of single gestations with live fetuses in a Korean population

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Sung Hee Yang ◽  
Hyun Sook An ◽  
Jin Soo Lee ◽  
Changsoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Reference Marker ◽  
Routine Measurement ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the normal length of the brainstem (BS) in Korean fetuses and to evaluatethe usefulness of the routine measurement of BS size in the first trimester of pregnancy for the early detection of spina bifida.Material and methods: A total of 2,621 normal singleton pregnant Korean women at 10+6 to 13+6 weeks of gestation were selected for this retrospective cross-sectional study. Ultrasonography was used to measure the length of the longest vertical depth diameter of the BS and brainstem-occipital bone (BSOB) in order to obtain the BS to BSOB ratio.Results: The best indicators for spina bifida ranged from 1.00±0.24 mm to 4.70±0.46 mm for the BS and from 2.90±0.36 mm to 8.50±0.92 mm for the BSOB. For the gestational period, BS (R=0.70) and BSOB (R=0.81) values were considered statistically significant (p<.0001). The value of the BS to BSOB ratio was <1.0 in normal fetuses, and was not correlated with the gestational age.Conclusion: Measurement of BS and BSOB diameter in the first trimester is thought to provide the best reference marker for evaluating the posterior brain for diagnosis of spina bifida.

scholarly journals Maternal thyroid function test level during the first trimester of pregnancy at a center Yazd, Iran: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Farzaneh ◽  
Farzaneh Khastehfekr
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is associated with negative pregnancy outcomes. There is a lack of reliable information on thyroid hormones in Iranian pregnant women, especially in Yazd. Objective: To determine the safe thyroid hormone levels in women of Yazd and also the first trimester-specific reference ranges for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the serum of 1,148 women in the first trimester of pregnancy was analyzed. Thyroid function tests (TSH, T4, T3) were measured through radioimmunoassay (RIA) [immunoradiometric (IRMA) for TSH]. The study was conducted in Yazd, from September 2018 to November 2019. Reference intervals were defined as the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28.78 (± 5.86 yr) (range: 15-45 yr). The thyroid hormones reference intervals in the first trimester were TSH (0.2-3.8 mIU/l), T4 (7.45-12.75, μg/dl), and T3 (100-217 ng/dl). Conclusion: The results of the present study determined a local thyroid function measurement in the first trimester of pregnancy at a center of Yazd, Iran. This could facilitate the decision-making of maternal TSH level during the first trimester of pregnancy. Key words: First pregnancy trimester, Thyrotropin, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine.

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