Spatial Diffusion of Management Practices in Urban and Rural Areas

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Wojan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spatial Diffusion ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

scholarly journals Eliminating dog-mediated rabies: challenges and strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Jully Gogoi-Tiwari ◽  
Ian D. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
One Health ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
National Level ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Multiple Interventions

AbstractRabies is an acute encephalitis caused by a lyssavirus. It is primarily transmitted through bites of infected dogs which results in the worldwide death of an estimated 59000 humans every year. The disease is preventable through the application of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and its elimination has been demonstrated in many countries by applying multiple interventions simultaneously. Nonetheless, rabies is still widespread in many developing countries, primarily due to the poor implementation of intervention strategies that include inadequate dog-bite wound management practices, unavailability/unaffordability of PEP by the communities, failure to control the disease in free-roaming dogs and wildlife, improper dog population management, weak surveillance and diagnostic facilities and a lack of a One Health approach to the disease. In this review, strategies to control dog-mediated rabies through a One Health approach were discussed. We recommend applying multiple interventions against the disease by involving all the concerned stakeholders in selected urban and rural areas of the countries where rabies is endemic. An empirical demonstration of disease freedom in the selected areas through a One Health approach is needed to convince policymakers to invest in rabies prevention and control on the national level. This multifaceted One Health control model will enhance the likelihood of achieving the goal of global rabies eradication by 2030.

scholarly journals Efficacious Waste Organisation in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Bauchi City

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Michael C.O. Ajufoh ◽  
Murtala A. Babaji
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Waste management is the collection, transportation, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity and is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, aesthetics, amenity and the environment and also to recover resources. Waste management can involve solid liquid or gaseous substances with different methods and fields of emphasis for each. Waste management practices differ for developed, developing nations, for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial production. This paper tries to deal with illegal and unplanned solid waste disposal; it also attempts to proffer solutions to the problem of improper waste disposal through incineration and recycling of metals, cellophane and Teflon and how Bauchi state can generate some revenue through the recycling of these waste materials. The paper also tries to educate on the problems associated with landfills while dealing briefly, on the advantages of biological processing and also how waste can be avoided and reduced. The paper also tries to present waste management concepts in relation to Bauchi city.

scholarly journals Unravelling of Waste in a Touristic Area of Pangandaran from Neglecting Towards Embracing Informal Waste Management Practices, West Java, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Bastiaan Schippers ◽  
Aninda Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Recycling Systems ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Increased attention for sustainable waste management practices has in Indonesia resulted in legislation that seeks participation and self-regulation amongst people in urban and rural areas. However districts are trying to meet the expectations of the national government, implementing Westernized-recycling systems. We demonstrate that these top-down waste management practices as well as the current approach towardsscavenging systemsas being problematic and undesirable, will not lead to effective waste management. Using a holistic approach we explore the subjectivity of waste and alternating perceptions of these objects in both formal and informal waste management practices.Moreover this article considers the functioning of informal waste management systems to be dynamic and profitable. Within the context of a touristic area that can’t keep up with the increasing amount of solid waste, this article advocates a highly potential informal waste management practices that are systematically overlooked. 

scholarly journals Management Practices, Disease Incidence, Uses of Indigenous Knowledge, and Conditions and Problems of the Poultry Farmers in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Ripon Kumar Dutta ◽  
M Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Ashraful Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Poultry Farmers ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Data on management practices, incidences of common diseases, uses of indigenous knowledge (IK) and conditions and problems of the poultry farmers in some selected areas of Rajshahi, Bangladesh, were investigated. Data from small, medium and large poultry enterprises situated in the urban, semi-urban and rural areas at six Upozillas of Rajshahi District viz., Boalia, Godagari, Motihar, Mohonpur, Poba and Rajpara were collected. An indigenous (IND), four exotic (EXO) viz. Cob 500 breed of broiler, Cockerel, Fayoumi (FAY), and Rhode Island Red (RIR), and a crossbred (CRO) called Sonali (derived from RIR cock × FAY hen) chicken breeds were included in the study. Eighteen parameters on management practices, 13 diseases, 20 indigenous knowledge (IK) items, 3 major conditions, 11 problems encountered and top 10 opinions of the poultry farmers were identified. Satisfactory to good management practices were recorded for IND in Godagari and that for EXO and CRO in Rajpara. All the remaining farms practiced moderate to unacceptable management practices. Bacillary white diarrhoea (39.56%), omphalitis (57.40%) and hypervitaminosis (55.56%) were the most frequent diseases whereas common cold (10.16%), bacillary white diarrhoea (32.82%) and bacillary white diarrhoea (27.62%) were the least frequent diseases for IND, EXO and CRO chickens, respectively. However, no incidence of bird flu (avian influenza) was recorded during the survey period. Uses of broody hens (82.25%), changing of waterier (62.45) and vaccination (49.19) were found to be the prevalent IK items for IND, EXO and CRO birds. Separating healthy versus diseased respectively, chicks (26.45%), feeding maize grain (52.45%) and feeding molasses (49.10%) were healthcare IK items for the chicken breeds, respectively. Majority of the poultry farmers of IND, EXO and CRO breeds had respectively primary (50.08%), graduate (47.18%) and higher secondary (45.77%) education levels. Agriculture (60.71%), miscellaneous (46.14%) and miscellaneous (35.50%) were dominant occupations among the three categories of poultry farmers. IND farmers predominantly had cultivable land (50.16%) in comparison with the cultivable landholdings by the EXO (21.69%) and homestead landholdings by their CRO (31.16%) counterparts. Poor housing (44.86%), disorganized and unreliable marketing system (52.05%) and lack of institutional credit facilities (47.89%) were identified to be the major problems for the IND, EXO and CRO farmers respectively, who opined strongly in favour of improved native breeds (30.04%), proper breeding facilities (49.90%) and government co-operation (48.01%). The impacts of these findings on the poultry enterprise in Rajshahi have been discussed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20120 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 43-49, 2012

A FLOW OF WEALTH: WASTEWATER DISPOSAL IN REPUBLICAN TIANJIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-415
Author(s):  
Cao Mu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTTianjin is the largest port city in Northern China and a major hub for water and land transportation. For geological reasons, the city has long been troubled by water drainage problems. To remove wastewater from within its walls, the city developed a drain system which relies on human labor and a series of variously sized ditches. Unlike the modern sewage system, which simply discharges wastewater into surrounding rivers and the sea, Tianjin's traditional wastewater disposal system worked in concert with an urban manure collection system. Urban wastewater was recycled as fertilizer, a valuable resource for the surrounding rural area. In tracing the origin, evolution, and influence of urban wastewater disposal in Tianjin, this article aims to reveal the potential value in Chinese traditional waste management practices. Contemporary urban waste disposal systems might benefit from a better understanding of the relationship between urban and rural areas that characterized these traditional practices.

scholarly journals Unravelling of Waste in a Touristic Area of Pangandaran from Neglecting Towards Embracing Informal Waste Management Practices, West Java, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Bastiaan Schippers ◽  
Aninda Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Recycling Systems ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Increased attention for sustainable waste management practices has in Indonesia resulted in legislation that seeks participation and self-regulation amongst people in urban and rural areas. However districts are trying to meet the expectations of the national government, implementing Westernized-recycling systems. We demonstrate that these top-down waste management practices as well as the current approach towardsscavenging systemsas being problematic and undesirable, will not lead to effective waste management. Using a holistic approach we explore the subjectivity of waste and alternating perceptions of these objects in both formal and informal waste management practices.Moreover this article considers the functioning of informal waste management systems to be dynamic and profitable. Within the context of a touristic area that can’t keep up with the increasing amount of solid waste, this article advocates a highly potential informal waste management practices that are systematically overlooked. 

PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borges ◽  
Silvio Melhado
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
High Level

Given the importance of public infrastructure projects to the civil construction and considering the Brazilian context, the aim of this paper is to improve the management efficiency concerning project management methods applied to this kind of construction project. Using a multiple case study approach, the research has examined two large infrastructure projects and identified the critical points to achieve project's success. One project is from the sanitation sector and the other from the transportation sector, both developed in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo and its surroundings. Public infrastructure projects normally have high levels of technical and management complexities. In recent years in Brazil, infrastructure projects have been showing increasing costs and a growing number of active companies. Moreover, these kinds of projects tend to interfere in the urban and rural areas in the cities, presenting many different influences and interests coming from several stakeholders and, consequently, bringing a high level of management complexity. This paper presents the initial results of the case studies carried out in order to identify guidelines for the application of project management methods in public infrastructure projects. Continually taking into account the context and the specific needs of each project, these guidelines intend to aid structuring, planning and maximizing the results, the final quality of the construction products and contribute with the improvement of project management practices adopted.

Waste Management in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-286
Author(s):  
Vella Atienza
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Management Practices

In response to the growing problems on waste management in the country, the Philippines' Republic Act 9003 (RA 9003), also known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, was enacted in January 26, 2001. This chapter hopes to provide the brief background of the country particularly on the issues related to waste management such as population, economic situation, urbanization, and modernization, among others. It will also discuss the definition, classification, and generation of waste both in urban and rural areas. In addition, it will also review the existing policies and the current waste management practices, and the lessons learned based on case studies of both successful and failed experiences. Furthermore, this will also provide the latest updates on the compliance of the local government units to RA 9003, identify the challenges, opportunities, and the proposed recommendations on how the waste management in the country can possibly be improved and become more sustainable.

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