An observational cohort study to determine the impact of research capacity building strategies implemented in an Australian metropolitan hospital occupational therapy department

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie J. Harper ◽  
Susan L. Taylor ◽  
Madelynn Jepiuh ◽  
Pamela Mino ◽  
Alice Huynh Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Research Capacity Building ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Therapy Department

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment Based on Measured Versus Predicted Unbound Ceftriaxone Concentrations in Critically Ill Patients with Pneumonia: An Observational Cohort Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Matthias Gijsen ◽  
Erwin Dreesen ◽  
Ruth Van Daele ◽  
Pieter Annaert ◽  
Yves Debaveye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Target Attainment ◽  
Binding Model ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Impact

The impact of ceftriaxone pharmacokinetic alterations on protein binding and PK/PD target attainment still remains unclear. We evaluated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target attainment of unbound ceftriaxone in critically ill patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Besides, we evaluated the accuracy of predicted vs. measured unbound ceftriaxone concentrations, and its impact on PK/PD target attainment. A prospective observational cohort study was carried out in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe CAP. Ceftriaxone 2 g q24h intermittent infusion was administered to all patients. Successful PK/PD target attainment was defined as unbound trough concentrations above 1 or 4 mg/L throughout the whole dosing interval. Acceptable overall PK/PD target attainment was defined as successful target attainment in ≥90% of all dosing intervals. Measured unbound ceftriaxone concentrations (CEFu) were compared to unbound concentrations predicted from various protein binding models. Thirty-one patients were included. The 1 mg/L and 4 mg/L targets were reached in 26/32 (81%) and 15/32 (47%) trough samples, respectively. Increased renal function was associated with the failure to attain both PK/PD targets. Unbound ceftriaxone concentrations predicted by the protein binding model developed in the present study showed acceptable bias and precision and had no major impact on PK/PD target attainment. We showed suboptimal (i.e., <90%) unbound ceftriaxone PK/PD target attainment when using a standard 2 g q24h dosing regimen in critically ill patients with severe CAP. Renal function was the major driver for the failure to attain the predefined targets, in accordance with results found in general and septic ICU patients. Interestingly, CEFu was reliably predicted from CEFt without major impact on clinical decisions regarding PK/PD target attainment. This suggests that, when carefully selecting a protein binding model, CEFu does not need to be measured. As a result, the turn-around time and cost for ceftriaxone quantification can be substantially reduced.

scholarly journals Internationalisation through South-North mobility: Experiences and outcomes of research capacity-building programmes for African scholars in Denmark

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Hanne Kirstine Adriansen ◽  
Lene Møller Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
International Development ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Global South ◽  
Research Capacity Building ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
The Impact

Internationalisation of higher education in the global South manifests in different ways through different modalities. Using a multi-disciplinary mobility-lens, this paper discusses outcomes of geographical mobility practiced by African scholars going to universities in the global North as part of research capacity-building programmes. Over the past 30 years, Danida (Danish International Development Assistance) has provided financial assistance – including research visits at Danish universities – to academics in the global South, who would work with problems in their home countries. This type of internationalisation through research capacity building is used in many European countries and is interesting because it facilitates geographical mobility across the North-South socio-economic divide. Based on a survey sent to 499 current and former African scholars as well as 15 qualitative interviews, the aim of this paper is to analyse the reflections from African academics being involved in this type of internationalisation practice. Thereby we give voice to scholars from the global South who are the practitioners of South-North mobility. More specifically, we analyse the role of different locations for becoming an academic and for their knowledge production. Thus, the paper critically examines the impact made by ‘internationalisation as mobility’ on the personal and professional development of African academics. Key words: Internationalisation, Academic mobility, Knowledge production, Africa, Capacity building How to cite this article: Adriansen, H.K. & Madsen, L.M. 2021. Internationalisation through South-North mobility: Experiences and outcomes of research capacity-building programmes for African scholars in Denmark. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 5(1): 46-65. DOI: 10.36615/sotls.v5i1.166. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/  

The impact of tracheostomy timing in patients with severe head injury: An observational cohort study

Injury ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1432-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Kuang Wang ◽  
Kang Lu ◽  
Po-Chou Liliang ◽  
Kuo-Wei Wang ◽  
Han-Jung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of cirrhosis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a retrospective observational cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Sheela Xavier ◽  
Colleen M. Norris ◽  
Amanda Ewasiuk ◽  
Demetrios J. Kutsogiannis ◽  
Sean M. Bagshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

scholarly journals Impact of health research on advances in knowledge, research capacity-building and evidence-informed policies: a case study on maternal mortality and morbidity in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Angulo-Tuesta ◽  
Leonor Maria Pacheco Santos ◽  
Daniel Alves Natalizi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Research Capacity Building ◽  
H Index ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Principal Investigators ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: National health research systems aim to generate high-quality knowledge so as to maintain and promote the population's health. This study aimed to analyze the impact of maternal mortality/morbidity research funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and institutional partners, on the dimensions: advancing in knowledge, research capacity-building and informing decision-making, within the framework of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study based on secondary data, conducted at a public university. METHODS: The advancing in knowledge dimension was estimated from the principal investigators' publication counts and h-index. Data on research capacity-building were obtained from the Ministry of Health's information system. The informing decision-making dimension was analyzed from citations in Stork Network (Rede Cegonha) documents. RESULTS: Between 2002 and 2010, R$ 21.6 million were invested in 128 maternal mortality/morbidity projects. Over this period, the principal investigators published 174 articles, resulting in an h-index of 35, thus showing progress in the advancing in knowledge dimension. Within the research capacity-building dimension, training of 71 students (undergraduate/postgraduate) was observed. Progress in the informing decision-making dimension was modest: 73.5% of the 117 citations in the Stork Network documents were institutional documents and norms. One of the projects funded, the 2006/7 National Demography and Health Survey, was cited in program documents. CONCLUSION: Impacts were shown in the advancing in knowledge and research capacity-building dimensions. The health research system needs to incorporate research for evidence-informed policies.

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