scholarly journals Environmentally co-occurring mercury resistance plasmids are genetically and phenotypically diverse and confer variable context-dependent fitness effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 5008-5022 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P.J. Hall ◽  
Ellie Harrison ◽  
Andrew K. Lilley ◽  
Steve Paterson ◽  
Andrew J. Spiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Resistance Plasmids ◽  
Context Dependent

scholarly journals Nearly Identical Plasmids Encoding VIM-1 and Mercury Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from North-Eastern Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Stefan E. Heiden ◽  
Katharina Sydow ◽  
Stephan Schaefer ◽  
Ingo Klempien ◽  
Veronika Balau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Resistance Plasmids

The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae limits therapeutic options and presents a major public health problem. Resistances to carbapenems are mostly conveyed by metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) including VIM, which are often encoded on resistance plasmids. We characterized four VIM-positive isolates that were obtained as part of a routine diagnostic screening from two laboratories in north-eastern Germany between June and August 2020. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to address (a) phylogenetic properties, (b) plasmid content, and (c) resistance gene carriage. In addition, we performed phenotypic antibiotic and mercury resistance analyses. The genomic analysis revealed three different bacterial species including C. freundii, E. coli and K. oxytoca with four different sequence types. All isolates were geno- and phenotypically multidrug-resistant (MDR) and the phenotypic profile was explained by the underlying resistance gene content. Three isolates of four carried nearly identical VIM-1-resistance plasmids, which in addition encoded a mercury resistance operon and showed some similarity to two publicly available plasmid sequences from sources other than the two laboratories above. Our results highlight the circulation of a nearly identical IncN-type VIM-1-resistance plasmid in different Enterobacteriaceae in north-eastern Germany.

Self-Transmissible Mercury Resistance Plasmids with Gene-Mobilizing Capacity in Soil Bacterial Populations: Influence of Wheat Roots and Mercury Addition

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1210-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Smit ◽  
Anneke Wolters ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Copper Resistance ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere ◽  
Resistance Plasmids

ABSTRACT A set of mercury resistance plasmids was obtained from wheat rhizosphere soil amended or not amended with mercuric chloride via exogenous plasmid isolation by using Pseudomonas fluorescens R2f, Pseudomonas putida UWC1, andEnterobacter cloacae BE1 as recipient strains. The isolation frequencies were highest from soil amended with high levels of mercury, and the isolation frequencies from unamended soil were low. With P. putida UWC1 as the recipient, the isolation frequency was significantly enhanced in wheat rhizosphere compared to bulk soil. Twenty transconjugants were analyzed per recipient strain. All of the transconjugants contained plasmids which were between 40 and 50 kb long. Eight selected plasmids were distributed among five groups, as shown by restriction digestion coupled with a similarity matrix analysis. However, all of the plasmids formed a tight group, as judged by hybridization with two whole-plasmid probes and comparisons with other plasmids in dot blot hybridization analyses. The results of replicon typing and broad-host-range incompatibility (Inc) group-specific PCR suggested that the plasmid isolates were not related to any previously described Inc group. Although resistance to copper, resistance to streptomycin, and/or resistance to chloramphenicol was found in several plasmids, catabolic sequences were generally not identified. One plasmid, pEC10, transferred into a variety of bacteria belonging to the β and γ subdivisions of the class Proteobacteria and mobilized as well as retromobilized the IncQ plasmid pSUP104. A PCR method for detection of pEC10-like replicons was used, in conjunction with other methods, to monitor pEC10-homologous sequences in mercury-polluted and unpolluted soils. The presence of mercury enhanced the prevalence of pEC10-like replicons in soil and rhizosphere bacterial populations.

scholarly journals Mercuric reductase genes (merA) and mercury resistance plasmids in High Arctic snow, freshwater and sea-ice brine

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette K. Møller ◽  
Tamar Barkay ◽  
Martin A. Hansen ◽  
Anders Norman ◽  
Lars H. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Mercuric Reductase ◽  
Resistance Plasmids

scholarly journals Dissemination and Persistence of blaCTX-M-9 Are Linked to Class 1 Integrons Containing CR1 Associated with Defective Transposon Derivatives from Tn402 Located in Early Antibiotic Resistance Plasmids of IncHI2, IncP1-α, and IncFI Groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 2741-2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela Novais ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
Aránzazu Valverde ◽  
Elisabete Machado ◽  
Juan-Carlos Galán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Resistance Plasmids ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the diversity of In60, a class 1 integron bearing CR1 and containing bla CTX-M-9, and its association with Tn402, Tn21, and classical conjugative plasmids among 45 CTX-M-9-producing clinical strains (41 Escherichia coli strains, 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, 1 Salmonella enterica strain, and 1 Enterobacter cloacae strain). Forty-five patients in a Spanish tertiary care hospital were studied (1996 to 2003). The diversity of In60 and association of In60 with Tn402 or mercury resistance transposons were investigated by overlapping PCR assays and/or hybridization. Plasmid characterization included comparison of restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns and determination of incompatibility group by PCR-based replicon typing, sequencing, and hybridization. CTX-M-9 plasmids belonged to IncHI2 (n = 26), IncP-1α (n = 10), IncFI (n = 4), and IncI (n = 1) groups. Genetic platforms containing bla CTX-M-9 were classified in six types in relation to the In60 backbone and in eight subtypes in relation to Tn402 derivatives. They were associated with Tn21 sequences when located in IncP-1α or IncHI2 plasmids. Our study identified bla CTX-M-9 in a high diversity of CR1-bearing class 1 integrons linked to different Tn402 derivatives, often to Tn21, highlighting the role of recombination events in the evolution of antibiotic resistance plasmids. The presence of bla CTX-M-9 on broad-host-range IncP-1α plasmids might contribute to its dissemination to hosts that were not members of the family Enterobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Plasmids from freshwater environments capable of IncQ retrotransfer are diverse and include pQKH54, a new IncP-1 subgroup archetype

Microbiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 152 (9) ◽  
pp. 2689-2701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Haines ◽  
Parveen Akhtar ◽  
Elton R. Stephens ◽  
Karen Jones ◽  
Christopher M. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Restriction Profiles ◽  
Resistance Plasmids ◽  
Deliberate Release ◽  
Incq Plasmids ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Freshwater Environments

Nine mercury-resistance plasmids isolated from river epilithon were assessed for their ability to retrotransfer the non-conjugative IncQ plasmid, R300B, derivatives of which have commercial uses that may result in accidental or deliberate release into the environment. Retrotransfer frequencies ranging from 2.1×10−4 to 1.75×10−5 were obtained for five of the nine plasmids – the remaining plasmids showed low or undetectable retrotransfer ability. The majority of the retrotransfer-proficient plasmids could not be classified by the tests used. Classical incompatibility testing with RP4 identified pQKH6, pQKH54 and pQM719 as IncP-1. Hybridization to replicon probes confirmed this for pQKH6 and pQM719 and added pQKH33. PCR with primers designed to amplify trfA and korA regions of IncP-1 plasmids did not identify any other plasmids. Plasmids pQKH6 and pQM719 but not pQKH54 produced similar SphI restriction profiles to the IncP-1β subgroup. The complete nucleotide sequence of pQKH54 was determined, revealing it to have a complete IncP-1 backbone but belonging to a new distinct subgroup which was designated IncP-1γ. The results emphasize the ubiquity and diversity of IncP-1 plasmids in the environment but demonstrate that plasmids of as yet unknown groups are also able to retrotransfer IncQ plasmids efficiently.

scholarly journals Context-dependent fitness effects of behavioral manipulation by a parasitoid

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Janssen ◽  
Amir H. Grosman ◽  
Eduardo G. Cordeiro ◽  
Elaine F. de Brito ◽  
Juliana Oliveira Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Manipulation ◽  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Context Dependent

scholarly journals Context‐dependent variability in the population prevalence and individual fitness effects of plant–fungal symbiosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion L. Donald ◽  
Teresa F. Bohner ◽  
Kory M. Kolis ◽  
R. Alan Shadow ◽  
Jennifer A. Rudgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Fungal Symbiosis ◽  
Context Dependent

scholarly journals Translational demand is not a major source of plasmid-associated fitness costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 377 (1842) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerónimo Rodríguez-Beltrán ◽  
Ricardo León-Sampedro ◽  
Paula Ramiro-Martínez ◽  
Carmen de la Vega ◽  
Fernando Baquero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Translation Efficiency ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Chromosomal Genes ◽  
Resistance Plasmids ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Selection For

Plasmids are key drivers of bacterial evolution because they are crucial agents for the horizontal transfer of adaptive traits, such as antibiotic resistance. Most plasmids entail a metabolic burden that reduces the fitness of their host if there is no selection for plasmid-encoded genes. It has been hypothesized that the translational demand imposed by plasmid-encoded genes is a major mechanism driving the fitness cost of plasmids. Plasmid-encoded genes typically present a different codon usage from host chromosomal genes. As a consequence, the translation of plasmid-encoded genes might sequestrate ribosomes on plasmid transcripts, overwhelming the translation machinery of the cell. However, the pervasiveness and origins of the translation-derived costs of plasmids are yet to be assessed. Here, we systematically altered translation efficiency in the host cell to disentangle the fitness effects produced by six natural antibiotic resistance plasmids. We show that limiting translation efficiency either by reducing the number of available ribosomes or their processivity does not increase plasmid costs. Overall, our results suggest that ribosomal paucity is not a major contributor to plasmid fitness costs. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.

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