Sex differences in judgement of facial affect: A multivariate analysis of recognition errors

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Thayer ◽  
Bjørn Helge Johnsen
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Recognition Errors

Gender differences in facial emotion recognition in persons with chronic schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Weiss ◽  
Christian G. Kohler ◽  
Colleen M. Brensinger ◽  
Warren B. Bilker ◽  
James Loughead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Recognition Errors

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate possible sex differences in the recognition of facial expressions of emotion and to investigate the pattern of classification errors in schizophrenic males and females. Such an approach provides an opportunity to inspect the degree to which males and females differ in perceiving and interpreting the different emotions displayed to them and to analyze which emotions are most susceptible to recognition errors.MethodsFifty six chronically hospitalized schizophrenic patients (38 men and 18 women) completed the Penn Emotion Recognition Test (ER40), a computerized emotion discrimination test presenting 40 color photographs of evoked happy, sad, anger, fear expressions and neutral expressions balanced for poser gender and ethnicity.ResultsWe found a significant sex difference in the patterns of error rates in the Penn Emotion Recognition Test. Neutral faces were more commonly mistaken as angry in schizophrenic men, whereas schizophrenic women misinterpreted neutral faces more frequently as sad. Moreover, female faces were better recognized overall, but fear was better recognized in same gender photographs, whereas anger was better recognized in different gender photographs.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study lend support to the notion that sex differences in aggressive behavior could be related to a cognitive style characterized by hostile attributions to neutral faces in schizophrenic men.

Sex differences in stress response: A multivariate analysis.

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Neufeld ◽  
Park O. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Stress Response

Gender and Generation Effects on Person Perception

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay C. Sharp ◽  
Sandra G. Candy ◽  
Lillian E. Troll
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Way

It has been assumed that the characteristics of respondents, such as their sex, background and socialization experiences, would affect the way in which respondents perceive other persons. Sex differences have been found in college students, but generational differences have not been explored. The present study employed one hundred fifty men and women, of non-college background and of a wide range of ages, and permitted free responses in respondents' descriptions. The effect of gender and generation on the categories participants used to describe a known man and woman was examined. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated significance on both variables. However, subsequent one-way analyses of variance revealed that only a few categories were used differentially by men and women, or by the older, middle and younger generations.

scholarly journals Paradoxical Sex-Specific Patterns of Autoantibodies Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxian Liu ◽  
Joseph E. Ebinger ◽  
Rowann Mostafa ◽  
Petra Budde ◽  
Jana Gajewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Sex Bias ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Autoimmune Reactivity

Background. Amidst the millions of individuals affected directly by the pandemic, pronounced sex differences in the susceptibility and response to SARS-CoV-2 infection remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence has highlighted the potential importance of autoimmune activation in modulating not only the acute response but also recovery trajectories following SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Given that immune-inflammatory activity can be sex-biased in the setting of severe COVID-19 illness, we deliberately examined sex-specific autoimmune reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 in the absence of extreme clinical disease. Methods. We used a bead-based array containing over 90 autoantigens previously linked to a range of classic autoimmune diseases to assess autoantibody (AAB) titers in 177 participants. All participants had confirmed evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection based on presence of positive anti-nucleocapsid IgG serology results (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, Illinois). We used multivariate analysis to determine whether sex-bias was associated with increased rates of AABs reactivity and symptom burden after SARS-CoV2 infection. Results. 82.4% of AABs reactivity was associated with being male compared to 17.6% with female. We found a diversity of AABs responses that exhibited sex-specific patterns of frequency distribution as well as associations with symptomatology and symptom burden. Conclusion. Our results reveal a remarkable sex-specific prevalence and selectivity of AAB responses to SARS-CoV-2. Further understanding of the nature of triggered and persistent AAB activation among men and women exposed to SARS-CoV-2 will be essential for developing effective interventions against immune-mediated sequelae of COVID-19.

Bone Marrow Transplantation Experience for Children With Aplastic Anemia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Jean E. Sanders ◽  
John Whitehead ◽  
Rainer Storb ◽  
C. Dean Buckner ◽  
Reginald A. Clift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Relative Response ◽  
Acute Graft

From May 1971 through December 1981, 81 children (22 months to 17 years of age) received allogeneic bone marrow grafts for severe aplastic anemia. All donors were HLA-identical family members. Fifty-seven of the 81 (70%) are still alive. Twenty-three untransfused patients were conditioned with cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/kg/d, for four days, and 19 (83%) have survived from 5 to 12 years. All 58 transfused patients were conditioned with cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/kg/d, for four days, 11 received additional immunosuppression, and 19 received posttransplantation donor buffy coat cells. Thirty-eight (65%) have survived from 3 to 13 years (P = .1). In a multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly associated with increased survival among patients with sustained grafts was the absence of significant graft v host disease (P < .0001). The factors significantly related to increased rejection were low bone marrow cell dose (P < .05) and positive relative response in mixed leukocyte culture (P < .0001), but the addition of buffy coat cells did not significantly influence graft rejection. The development of grades II to IV acute graft v host disease was associated with random donor platelet refractoriness (P < .05) and donor/recipient sex differences (P < .05). Patients at highest risk for chronic graft v host disease were those patients who developed significant acute graft v host disease (P < .01) and who received buffy coat infusions (P < .025). All patients who were untransfused had a negative relative response and were not refractory to random donor platelets.

Sex Differences in the Functional Asymmetry for Facial Affect Perception

1990 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Harrison ◽  
Peter M. Gorelczenko ◽  
Julie Cook
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Functional Asymmetry

Sex differences in atrial fibrillation ablation outcomes: insights from a large-scale multicentre registry

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Tanaka ◽  
Koichi Inoue ◽  
Atsushi Kobori ◽  
Kazuaki Kaitani ◽  
Takeshi Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Af Recurrence

Abstract Aim The impact of sex differences on the clinical outcomes of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) is controversial. We investigated the sex differences regarding the efficacy and clinical outcomes of RFCA of AF. Methods and results We conducted a large-scale, prospective, multicentre, observational study (Kansai Plus Atrial Fibrillation Registry). We enrolled 5010 consecutive patients who underwent an initial RFCA of AF at 26 centres (64 ± 10 years; non-paroxysmal AF, 35.7%). The median follow-up duration was 2.9 years. Female patients (n = 1369, 27.3%) were older (female vs. male, 68 ± 9 vs. 63 ± 11 years, P < 0.0001) with a lower prevalence of non-paroxysmal AF (27.1% vs. 38.9%, P < 0.0001). Fewer females experienced time-dependent pulmonary vein (PV) reconnections and more females received a non-PV foci ablation than males in the index RFCA. The 3-year cumulative incidence of AF recurrences in the multivariate analysis after single procedures was significantly higher in females than males (43.3% vs. 39.0%, log rank P = 0.0046). Females remained an independent predictor of AF recurrence (hazard ratio 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.38, P < 0.0001). The AF recurrence rates after multiple procedures were also higher in females, but fewer females experienced PV reconnections during second sessions. More females experienced de novo pacemaker implantations during the long-term follow-up. Females were associated with a higher risk of heart failure hospitalizations and major bleeding after RFCA in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions Females experienced more frequent AF recurrences probably due to non-PV arrhythmogenicity and de novo pacemaker implantations than males during the long-term follow-up after RFCA of AF.

Sex Differences in Body-Cathexis Associated with Exercise Involvement

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J. Salusso-Deonier ◽  
Robert J. Schwarzkopf
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Body Cathexis

The purpose of this study was to examine sex differences in body-cathexis associated with exercise involvement. Data were collected from exercising groups of 52 women and 23 men volunteers from a university fitness improvement class and from comparison groups of 41 women and 9 men volunteers from classes unrelated to exercise. Multivariate analysis of variance of prestudy body-cathexis scores identified significant sex differences; men had much higher body-cathexis for waist, hip, thigh, fitness, and weight than did women. Multivariate analysis of poststudy data, normalized to control for prestudy sex differences, yielded a significant effect for the exercise involvement of fitness class men and women. Regular exercise seems to have potential as a method for improving body-cathexis for both men and women. Further research on methods for improving satisfaction with weight is needed.

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