Nationwide mortality trends of delirium in Australia and the United States from 2006 to 2016

This report examines infant mortality trends in each region, Appalachia, the Delta, and the rest of the United States, and compares the pattern and magnitude of change between both Appalachia and the Delta with the rest of the United States.

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Abstract MP38: Intracerebral Hemorrhage Across the United States: Incidence and Mortality Trends From 1990 to 2017

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.mp38 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Augustin DeLago ◽

Harpreet Singh ◽

Arashdeep Rupal ◽

Chinmay Jani ◽

Arshi Parvez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Vitamin K Antagonists ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Reversal Agents ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Us

Background: Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10% of strokes annually in the United States (US). Up-to-date trends in disease burden and regional variation remain unknown; especially after a dramatic increase in the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) since 2010. Our study reports updated incidence, mortality and mortality to incidence ratio (MIR) data related to ICH across the US. Methods: This observational study utilized the Global Burden of Disease database to determine age-standardized incidence (ASIR), death (ASDR) and MIR rates for ICH overall and for each state in the US from 1990-2017. All analyses were stratified by sex. Trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression analysis, with presentation of estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in ASIRs, ASDRs and MIRs over the observation period. Results: We observed an overall decrease in ASIRs, ASDRs and MIRs in both genders from 1990-2017, apart from female ASIRs and ASDRs in West Virginia and Kentucky. In 2017, the mean ASIR per 100,000 population for men was 25.67 and 19.17 for women. The 2017 mean ASDRs per 100,000 population for men and women were 13.96 and 11.35, respectively. The District of Columbia had the greatest decreases in ASIR EAPCs for males at -41.25% and females at -40.58%, and the greatest decreases in ASDR EAPCs for both males and females at -55.38% and -48.51%, respectively. The overall MIR during the study period decreased in males by -12.12% and females by -7.43%. However, MIR increased in males from 2014-2017 (EAPC +2.2% [95% CI +0.9%-+3.5%]) and in females from 2011-2017 (EAPC +1.0% [CI +0.7%-+1.4%]). Conclusion: This report reveals overall decreasing trends in incidence, mortality and MIR from 1990-2017. Notably, no significant change in mortality was found in the last 6 years of the study period, and MIR worsened in males from 2014-2017 and in females from 2011-2017, suggesting decreased ICH related survival lately. The substitution of vitamin K antagonists with DOACs is one possible explanation for a downtrend in incidence despite an aging population and increased use of anticoagulants. Limited access to reversal agents for DOACs is a potential reason for increase in MIR, however concrete deductions cannot be made owing to the observational nature of the study.

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Abstract 10: Widening Rural Disadvantage in United States Premature Heart Disease Mortality: Trends by Region and Race/Ethnicity, 2000 - 2013

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.133.suppl_1.10 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth B Pathak ◽

Colin J Forsyth

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Heart Disease ◽

American Indians ◽

Rural Areas ◽

The United States ◽

Vital Statistics ◽

The South ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Death Rates

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to quantify rural and metropolitan trends in premature heart disease (HD) mortality using the most up-to-date data available (through 2013). To our knowledge this is the first study to analyze these geographic disparities for Hispanics (HSP), Asians/Pacific Islanders (API), and American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/AN). Methods: Annual age-adjusted HD death rates for adults aged 25-64 years were analyzed for 2000-2013. Rates were calculated for 5 racial/ethnic groups (Non-Hispanic Whites (WNH), Non-Hispanic Blacks (BNH), HSP of any race, Non-Hispanic API, and Non-Hispanic AI/AN). County-level data were aggregated by urbanicity: large central metro (LCM), large fringe metro (LFM), medium/small metro (MSM), and micropolitan/rural (RURAL). Region was defined as South (16 states) and Non-South. All data were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System on CDC WONDER. Average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated by linear regression of the log-transformed death rates using SAS 9.4. Results: In 2013, the national population-at-risk predominantly resided in metro areas. However, there were more than 10 million RURAL adults aged 25-64 years in the South (16.2% of the region) and more than 13.4 million in the non-South (12.9% of the region). Nationwide, HD death rates were lowest in the LFM counties. In the South, the rate ratio (RR) for RURAL vs. LFM areas in 2011-2013 was 1.76 (95% CI 1.73 to 1.79) for WNH, 2.00 (95% CI 1.85 to 2.16) for HSP, 1.78 (95%CI 1.71 to 1.82) for BNH, 1.57 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.03) for API, and 3.13 (95% CI 2.47 to 3.96) for NNH. In the non-South, RURAL vs. LFM RRs were smaller, with the exception of API (RR 2.37, 95% CI 2.07 to 2.71). Temporal trend analyses revealed significantly smaller AAPC in RURAL areas (see Table). Conclusions: Higher death rates coupled with slower declines have resulted in a widening rural disadvantage in premature HD mortality in the United States from 2000 to 2013, particularly for WNH, HSP, BNH, and AI/AN in the South, and WNH in the non-South.

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Determinants of Influenza Mortality Trends: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Influenza Mortality in the United States, 1959–2016

Demography ◽

10.1007/s13524-019-00809-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 1723-1746 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Enrique Acosta ◽

Stacey A. Hallman ◽

Lisa Y. Dillon ◽

Nadine Ouellette ◽

Robert Bourbeau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

Early Life ◽

Baby Boom ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

The United States ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Early Life Exposure

Abstract This study examines the roles of age, period, and cohort in influenza mortality trends over the years 1959–2016 in the United States. First, we use Lexis surfaces based on Serfling models to highlight influenza mortality patterns as well as to identify lingering effects of early-life exposure to specific influenza virus subtypes (e.g., H1N1, H3N2). Second, we use age-period-cohort (APC) methods to explore APC linear trends and identify changes in the slope of these trends (contrasts). Our analyses reveal a series of breakpoints where the magnitude and direction of birth cohort trends significantly change, mostly corresponding to years in which important antigenic drifts or shifts took place (i.e., 1947, 1957, 1968, and 1978). Whereas child, youth, and adult influenza mortality appear to be influenced by a combination of cohort- and period-specific factors, reflecting the interaction between the antigenic experience of the population and the evolution of the influenza virus itself, mortality patterns of the elderly appear to be molded by broader cohort factors. The latter would reflect the processes of physiological capital improvement in successive birth cohorts through secular changes in early-life conditions. Antigenic imprinting, cohort morbidity phenotype, and other mechanisms that can generate the observed cohort effects, including the baby boom, are discussed.

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Ten Years Mortality Trends of Tricuspid Regurgitation in the United States, 2008 to 2018

The American Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.11.024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 156-157

Author(s):

Mariam Shariff ◽

Ashish Kumar ◽

Sameer A Hirji ◽

Monil Majmundar ◽

Devina Adalja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Trends

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Abstract D128: Oropharyngeal cancer incidence-based mortality trends in the United States, 1985-2016

10.1158/1538-7755.disp19-d128 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters ◽

Matthew C Simpson ◽

Sean T Massa ◽

Eric Adjei Boakye ◽

Kara M Christopher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Trends

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Mortality Trends of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in the United States From 2004 Through 2017

CHEST Journal ◽

10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 159 (1) ◽

pp. 228-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Niranjan Jeganathan ◽

Rory A. Smith ◽

Matheni Sathananthan

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Trends

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Male Mortality Trends in the United States, 1900-2010: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/0033354919893029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 150-160

Author(s):

Wanda K. Jones ◽

Robert A. Hahn ◽

R. Gibson Parrish ◽

Steven M. Teutsch ◽

Man-Huei Chang

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

The United States ◽

Recent Analysis ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Female Mortality ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Male Mortality ◽

Death Rates ◽

White Males

Objectives: Male mortality fell substantially during the past century, and major causes of death changed. Building on our recent analysis of female mortality trends in the United States, we examined all-cause and cause-specific mortality trends at each decade from 1900 to 2010 among US males. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study of age-adjusted death rates (AADRs) for 11 categories of disease and injury stratified by race (white, nonwhite, and, when available, black), the excess of male mortality over female mortality ([male AADR − female AADR]/female AADR), and potential causes of persistent excess of male mortality. We used national mortality data for each decade. Results: From 1900 to 2010, the all-cause AADR declined 66.4% among white males and 74.5% among nonwhite males. Five major causes of death in 1900 were pneumonia and influenza, heart disease, stroke, tuberculosis, and unintentional nonmotor vehicle injuries; in 2010, infectious conditions were replaced by cancers and chronic lower respiratory diseases. The all-cause excess of male mortality rose from 9.1% in 1900 to 65.5% in 1980 among white males and a peak of 63.7% in 1990 among nonwhite males, subsequently falling among all groups. Conclusion: During the last century, AADRs among males declined more slowly than among females. Although the gap diminished in recent decades, exploration of social and behavioral factors may inform interventions that could further reduce death rates among males.

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