Latest evidence on the management of early‐stage and locally advanced rectal cancer: a narrative review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha Prabhakaran ◽  
Tze Wei Wilson Yang ◽  
Nicholas Johnson ◽  
Stephen Bell ◽  
Martin Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽  
Narrative Review

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary Management of Early-Stage Rectal Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1577-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Phillips ◽  
Theodore S. Hong ◽  
David P. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Recurrence Rates

Because patients with locally advanced rectal cancer are at high risk for both recurrence and distant disease, they require adjuvant therapy. In the United States, the current standard of care is neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation has been shown to improve local recurrence rates and decrease toxicity. However in the era of total mesorectal excision surgery, no study has shown a survival benefit to either chemoradiation or postoperative chemotherapy. Newer biologic therapies, although promising in initial early trials, have yet to show a significant benefit in adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer.

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