Spermatozoan morphology of the snails Babylonia lutosa , Babylonia areolata from parental lines of populations in Hainan and Thailand and hybrid lines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilan Di ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Minghui Shen ◽  
Miaoqin Huang ◽  
Jingqiang Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Babylonia Areolata ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Lines

scholarly journals Parental variation in CHG methylation is associated with allelic-specific expression in elite hybrid rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Ma ◽  
Feng Xing ◽  
Qingxiao Jia ◽  
Qinglu Zhang ◽  
Tong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Methylation Variation

Abstract Heterosis refers to the superior performance of hybrid lines over inbred parental lines. Besides genetic variation, epigenetic differences between parental lines are suggested to contribute to heterosis. However, the precise nature and extent of differences between the parental epigenomes and the reprograming in hybrids that governs heterotic gene expression remain unclear. In this work, we analyzed DNA methylomes and transcriptomes of the widely cultivated and genetically studied elite hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) SY63, the reciprocal hybrid, and the parental varieties ZS97 and MH63, for which high-quality reference genomic sequences are available. We showed that the parental varieties displayed substantial variation in genic methylation at CG and CHG (H = A, C, or T) sequences. Compared with their parents, the hybrids displayed dynamic methylation variation during development. However, many parental differentially methylated regions (DMR) at CG and CHG sites were maintained in the hybrid. Only a small fraction of the DMRs displayed non-additive DNA methylation variation which, however, showed no overall correlation relationship with gene expression variation. By contrast, most of the allelic-specific expression (ASE) genes in the hybrid were associated with DNA methylation, and the ASE negatively associated with allelic-specific methylation (ASM) at CHG. These results revealed a specific DNA methylation reprogramming pattern in the hybrid rice and pointed to a role for parental CHG methylation divergence in ASE, which is associated with phenotype variation and hybrid vigor in several plant species.

Karyotypic analyses of parental and hybrid intraspecific mouse cells, A9/B82, by giemsa- and centromeric-banding

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
M.H. Russell ◽  
E. Engel ◽  
W.K. Vaughn ◽  
B.J. McGee
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Hybrid Cell Lines

Hybrids between A9 (HGPRT-) and B82 (TK-), mouse heteroploid fibroblast lines, were obtained through continuous cultivation and clonal selection; such hybrids showed marked segregation and by conventional stains displayed chromosome numbers and distribution similar to that of either parental type. Detailed analyses by Giemsa (G)- and centromeric-banding of these parental lines, and of 4 of the reduced hybrids, maintained in culture for up to 5 years, revealed the following points: (1) The distribution of the majority of individual chromosomal classes was similar for 3 of the hybrid cell lines. (2) Over two-thirds of the chromosomal arms in both the parental lines and hybrid lines were identical to normal mouse telocentric chromosomes. (3) For 2 of the hybrid lines, segregation was particularly marked with respect to those chromosomal arms whose G-banding patterns were identical to the wild-type genome; this indicated that segregation had occurred at the expense of redundant chromosomal material introduced by cell fusion. These banded studies demonstrated that segregation chiefly accounted for the sharp reduction in chromosome numbers while recombination accounted for the chromosome heterogeneity of the hybrid cells as compared to the parental genomes.

SSR markers for identification of purity of melon hybrids

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ju-Fen ◽  
Ma Guo-Bin ◽  
Xu Ling
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Hybrid Purity ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractThe hybrid purity of melon (Cucumis melo L.) was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in two F1 melon hybrids (‘Dongfangmi 1’ and ‘Dongfangmi 2’) and their parental lines. Twelve pairs of SSR primers for ‘Dongfangmi 1’ and three pairs for ‘Dongfangmi 2’ were selected. Results showed that self-inbred seeds were effectively distinguished from F1 hybrid seeds using these SSR primers, a finding that was consistent with the results recorded from field tests. ‘Dongfangmi 1’ and ‘Dongfangmi 2’ were identified from their parental lines, and seven other uterine hybrid lines by multiplex primers MS48+MS60 and MS4+MS20, respectively. Contamination of F1 hybrid seeds caused by self-inbred and other unknown pollens can be effectively and more reliably detected by PCR assays with multiplex SSR primers.

scholarly journals Polygenic mutation in Drosophila melanogaster: genetic analysis of selection lines.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 1293-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Fry ◽  
K A deRonde ◽  
T F Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Biometric Analysis ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
New Mutations

Abstract We have conducted genetic analyses of 12 long-term selection lines of Drosophila melanogaster derived from a highly inbred base population, containing new mutations affecting abdominal and sternopleural bristle number. Biometric analysis of the number of effective factors differentiating the selected lines from the base inbred indicated that with the exception of the three lines selected for increased number of abdominal bristles, three or more mutations contributed to the responses of the selection lines. Analysis of the chromosomal distribution of effects revealed that mutations affecting abdominal bristle number occurred on all three major chromosomes. In addition, Y-linked mutations with effects ranging from one to three bristles occurred in all three lines selected for decreased number of abdominal bristles, as well as in one line selected for increased abdominal bristle number. Mutations affecting sternopleural bristle number were mainly on the X and third chromosomes. One abdominal and one sternopleural selection line showed evidence of a segregating lethal with large effects on bristle number. As an indirect test for allelism of mutations occurring in different selection lines, the three lines selected in the same direction for the same trait were crossed in all possible combinations, and selection continued from the F2 hybrids. Responses of the hybrid lines usually did not exceed those of the most extreme parental lines, indicating that the responses of the parental lines may have been partly due to mutations at the same loci, although other interpretations are possible.

Heritability and Genetic Advance Estimation From Parental Lines of Hybrid Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Arpita Shrivastava ◽  
◽  
D. K. Mishra D. K. Mishra ◽  
G. K. Koutu G. K. Koutu ◽  
S. K. Singh S. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Parental Lines

ACTIVITY OF DIGESTIVE ENZYMES IN DUODENAL CHYMUS AND BLOOD IN BROILERS OF PARENTAL LINES AND THE MEAT CROSS DEPENDING ON DIETARY BIOACTIVE ADDITIVES

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1226-1233
Author(s):  
V.I. Fisinin ◽  
◽  
I.A. Egorov ◽  
V.G. Vertiprakhov ◽  
A.A. Grozina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Parental Lines

Combining ability and heterosis studies across environments in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sood ◽  
N. Kalia ◽  
S. Bhateria
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Fibre Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were calculated for fourteen lines of linseed in a line × tester mating design using twelve lines and two diverse testers in two different environments. The hybrids and parental lines were raised in a completely randomized block design with three replications to investigate seed and fibre yield and their component traits. Genetic variation was significant for most of the traits over environments. Combining ability studies revealed that the lines KL-221 and LCK-9826 were good general combiners for seed yield and most of its components, whereas LMH-62 and LC-2323 were good general combiners for yield components only. Moreover, KL-221 was also a good general combiner for fibre yield. Similarly, B-509 and Ariane were good general combiners for fibre yield and most of its components. Among the specific cross combinations, B-509 × Flak-1 was outstanding for seed yield per plant and B-509 × KL-187 and LC-2323 × LCK-9826 for fibre yield per plant, with high SCA effects. In general, the hybrids excelled their respective parents and the standard checks for most of the characters studied. Based on the comparison of mean performance, SCA effects and the extent of heterosis, the hybrids LC-2323 × LCK-9826 and B-509 × KL-221 appeared to be the most promising for both seed and fibre yield. Other promising combinations were LC-2323 × KL-210 and B-509 × Ariane for seed and fibre yield, respectively. The superiority of LC-2323, LCK-9826, KL-221, B-509 and Ariane as good general combiners was further confirmed by the involvement of these parents in the desirable cross combinations.

Study on floral traits and seed setting in parental lines of hybrid rice during early ahu and kharif seasons

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aradhana Phukan ◽  
P. K. Barua ◽  
D. Sarma ◽  
S. D. Deka
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Parental Lines

Two CMS lines, IR 58025A and IR 68888A along with their maintainers and two fertility restorers, LuitR and IR 36R, were evaluated for flower and plant characters during early ahu (February-June) and kharif (July-November) seasons. IR 58025A showed longer stigmata and styles, and higher spikelet Length/Breadth (L/B) ratio while IR 68888A showed broader stigmata and wider glume opening angle in both the seasons. IR 68888A also exhibited higher pollen sterility during early ahu. IR 36R was characterized with broad anthers. LuitR showed longer and broader anthers with more pollen than others. Plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width and area were higher in IR 36R. Panicle exsertion was complete in pollen parents whereas it was 78-80% in CMS lines. The widest flag leaf angle was found in IR 58025B during early Ahu and in IR 36R during kharif. Kharif season was more favourable for growth of the plants with higher seed set percentage while floral traits of the CMS lines were better expressed in early Ahu. Manipulation of the seeding sequence of the parental lines in early Ahu is warranted for better seed set provided the seed crop escapes heavy premonsoon showers during reproductive stage. IR 68888A/LuitR was a good combination for pollen dispersal and seed setting.

Registration of M (Midseason) Series of Isolines of Oats as Parental Lines 1 (Reg. Nos. PL 1 to 10)

Crop Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-291
Author(s):  
K. J. Frey ◽  
J. A. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Parental Lines
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