Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus storage across a growing season by the herbaceous layer in urban and preserved temperate hardwood forests

Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were applied weekly during the growing season from 1980 to 1982 and twice weekly in 1983 to Hobiton Lake, a warm monomictic coastal lake in British Columbia. The lake was not fertilized in 1984. Average numbers of bacteria during the growing season decreased from a high of 1.53 × 106∙mL−1 in the fertilized condition to 0.84 × 106∙mL−1 in the unfertilized condition. Chlorophyll a concentrations decreased from a maximum seasonal average of 2.69 μg∙L−1 (1981) to 1.30 μg∙L−1 (1984), and algal numbers decreased from 5.83 × 104∙mL−1 (1983) to 2.29 × 104∙mL−1 (1984). Although the numbers of phytoplankton in each size fraction (picoplankton, nanoplankton, or microplankton) decreased in the unfertilized condition, the greatest change was an almost fourfold decrease in picoplankton, which consisted of 90% cyanobacteria (primarily Synechococcus spp.). Abundance of the large diatoms Rhizosolenia spp. and Melosira spp. increased in 1984, resulting in an increase in average seasonal algal volume. Average densities of medium (0.15–0.84 mm) and large (0.85–1.5 mm) zooplankton were greatest in 1982, while rotifers and small zooplankton (0.10–0.14 mm) were most dense in 1984 following nutrient reduction. The lake had relatively high concentrations of planktivorous juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that appeared to minimize any direct effect of nutrient additions on zooplankton densities.

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Herbaceous-Layer and Overstory Species in Clear-cut and Mature Central Appalachian Hardwood Forests

Ecological Applications ◽

10.2307/2269345 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 947-955 ◽

Cited By ~ 134

Author(s):

Frank S. Gilliam ◽

Nicole L. Turrill ◽

Mary Beth Adams

Keyword(s):

Hardwood Forests ◽

Herbaceous Layer ◽

Clear Cut

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Nitrogen and Phosphorus Storage in Contrasting Reaches of a Sub-tropical River System

Water Air & Soil Pollution ◽

10.1007/s11270-010-0606-7 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 217 (1-4) ◽

pp. 523-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jason Grainger Kerr ◽

Michele Burford ◽

Jon Olley ◽

James Udy

Keyword(s):

River System ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Tropical River ◽

Phosphorus Storage

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Carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus storage of woody debris in headwater streams in an alpine forest in the upper reaches of Mingjiang River

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb201409081772 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

Author(s):

张慧玲 ZHANG Huiling ◽

杨万勤 YANG Wanqing ◽

汪明 WANG Ming ◽

廖姝 LIAO Shu ◽

张川 ZHANG Chuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Headwater Streams ◽

Woody Debris ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Alpine Forest ◽

Phosphorus Storage

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Effect of times, height and frequency of defoliation on growth and development of Townsville stylo in pure ungrazed swards at Katherine, N.T

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9730389 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 13 (63) ◽

pp. 389 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

MJ Fisher

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Growing Season ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Matter Production ◽

Stylosanthes Humilis ◽

Townsville Stylo ◽

One Year ◽

Complete Fertilizer ◽

Cutting Height

A one-year experiment was done in the field at Katherine, Northern Territory, to determine the influence of defoliation at different times (January, February, and March) and heights (5, 13 and 20 cm) on the growth and development of Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis) in ungrazed swards grown with complete fertilizer and irrigation. Townsville stylo withstood repeated defoliation at 5 cm provided that cutting started in January, but, when the first defoliation was delayed, single cuts at 5 cm in either February or March killed 82 and 53 per cent of the swards. Defoliation to 5 cm early in the season reduced total cumulative yield by less than 450 kg ha-1, and did not affect pod yield or nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations at the end of the growing season. Immediately after defoliation nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were reduced, but there was rapid recovery to higher levels with 5-cm and the same levels with 13-cm defoliation. Successive defoliation at 4 3 cm in February and March increased yield of pods. Defoliation at both 5 and 13 cm increased relative growth rate compared with the control and less frequently defoliated treatments. Defoliation to 5 cm each four weeks altered the stand morphology to a dense mat of foliage at cutting height. The ability of Townsville stylo to withstand continued defoliation suggests that sustained grazing during the growing season may be successful in controlling grass weeds vulnerable to grazing without greatly reducing pod yield or total dry matter production of Townsville stylo.

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Effect of poultry wastewater irrigation on nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon contents in farmland soil

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2018-0111 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 968-977 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yan Zhang ◽

Chun-Yan Fu ◽

Xue-Lan Liu ◽

Xin-Hua Li ◽

Qing-Chuan Jing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growing Season ◽

Control Group ◽

Nitrogen Storage ◽

Summer Maize ◽

Soil P ◽

Farmland Soil ◽

Poultry Wastewater ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Phosphorus Storage ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess the suitability of poultry wastewater for the irrigation of farmland soil as a possible substitute for regular water and fertilizers. The vertical and spatial variability of soil total nitrogen (STN), soil total phosphorus (STP) and soil organic carbon (SOC) was analyzed during the growing season of summer maize in two types of soil: an experimental group (EG) soil, irrigated once only with poultry wastewater, and a control group (CG) soil, irrigated once only with regular water. Results revealed no difference in STP concentration, SOC concentration, nitrogen storage and phosphorus storage between EG and CG soils (all p>0.05); STN concentration in the 5–15 cm layer and carbon storage were higher in EG soil (p<0.05) while remaining within safety limits. Overall, single-time irrigation by poultry wastewater enhances nitrogen and carbon content of soil and does not pose a serious risk of pollution for ground water.

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Contribution of overwintering leaves to the growth of three broad-leaved, evergreen shrubs belonging to the Ericaceae family

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b78-139 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. 1248-1261 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

R. J. Reader

Keyword(s):

Growing Season ◽

Leaf Nitrogen ◽

Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Southern Ontario ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Mature Leaves ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Labrador Tea ◽

Ledum Groenlandicum

Individual leaves of three bog ericads, leatherleaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata), bog laurel (Kalmia polifolia), and Labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum), were retained for a maximum of two growing seasons in a peat bog in southern Ontario. The premature loss of mature leaves, resulting from artificial defoliation, significantly reduced the growth of new shoots of L. groenlandicum and K. polifolia but not of C. calyculata. Defoliation effects were directly proportional to the normal retention time for overwintering leaves. Mature leaves probably translocate photosynthate, nitrogen, and phosphorus to other plant parts. This would explain why leaf dry weights were greatest at the start, rather than at the end, of the leaves' second growing season. Net photosynthetic rates decreased with leafage, but in terms of leaf nitrogen content, new and old leaves fixed equal amounts of carbon.

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