scholarly journals Understanding Social Display Rules: Using One Person’s Emotional Expressions to Infer the Desires of Another

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 1786-1799
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Laura E. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Display Rules ◽  
Social Display

Hypocrisy or maturity? Culture and context differentiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Matsumoto ◽  
Seung Hee Yoo ◽  
Johnny Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Display Rules ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Research

We introduce a new construct called Context Differentiation (CD), and describe how it functions on both the individual and cultural levels. We derive several measures of it from a multi‐context measure of cultural display rules for emotional expressions obtained from 33 countries, and examine country and cultural differences on it, and relate those differences to cultural value dimensions associated with context. Findings indicated that cultures were reliably associated with measures of CD. The framework and findings provide a platform for new research in the future examining how individuals differentiate their behaviours across contexts, and how cultures facilitate that differentiation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals When to Hide your (Tears of) Joy: Display Rules for Positive Emotions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunalan Manokara ◽  
Agneta Fischer ◽  
Ketaki Diwan ◽  
Chuting Cao ◽  
Xia Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Display Rules ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Sensory Pleasure ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

People do not always show how they feel; norms dictate when to display emotions and to whom. Norms about emotional expressions – known as display rules – are weaker for happiness than for negative emotions (Matsumoto, 2005), suggesting that expressing positive emotions is generally seen as acceptable. But does it follow that all positive emotions can always be shared with everyone? Here, we introduce the Display Rules Assessment for Positive Emotions (DRAPE), an intersubjective measure of expression norms for eight positive emotions: admiration, amusement, feeling moved, gratitude, interest, relief, sensory pleasure, and triumph. In four studies with participants from seven countries (n = 1147), two consistent findings emerged: display rules for positive emotions are weakest when with close others and/or in private settings, and display rules are strongest for a positive emotion that signals vulnerability: feeling moved. We further demonstrate that display rules for positive emotions exhibit cross-cultural differences, with stronger display rules found in more collectivistic and more culturally tight (as compared to loose) countries. In addition, we establish the internal reliability, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity of the DRAPE. Our findings show considerable agreement in norms regarding when and to whom positive emotions should be displayed, but also point to divergence across different positive emotions and across cultures. In addition to providing a validated, theoretically grounded measure of display rules for positive emotions, we provide the first map of expression norms for specific positive emotions.

scholarly journals Culture, Display Rules, and Emotion Judgments

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
David Matsumoto ◽  
Jungwook Choi ◽  
Satoko Hirayama ◽  
Akihiro Domae ◽  
Susumu Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Emotion Management ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Display Rules ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Internal Experience

This article describes two studies that demonstrate that cultural display rules (Study 1) and emotion regulation (ER; Study 2) are linked to judgments of emotional expressions of others. In Study 1, American and Japanese judges saw faces expressed at four levels of intensity and rated the intensity of the external display and presumed internal experience. They also completed measures of cultural display rules and psychological culture. Display rules accounted for 69% of the variance in cultural differences in ratings across the expression intensities; psychological culture accounted for an additional 14%. In Study 2 American judges saw the same faces and made the same ratings; this time, however, they completed two measures of ER. ER accounted for nearly all of the rating differences across the expression intensities. These studies report the first evidence of a link between an individual’s display rules and ER and judgments of emotion management in others.

scholarly journals The Emotional Expressions of Chinese People in Batam Island

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-44
Author(s):  
Wilis Srisayekti ◽  
Jeany Hesty Buana
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Display Rules ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings

Chinese people have long been a subject in the social history in Indonesia and their emotional expressions in front of the public especially have been affected by history. The previous empirical research findings in the Batam Island showed that Chinese people had unique emotional expression and this uniqueness may inflict interpersonal conflict with people of other ethnicities. This research was held to describe the emotional expression of the Chinese in the Batam Island. Their expressions compared with those of non Chinese. The adapted Display Rules Assessment Inventory (Matsumoto & Yoo, 2007) were distributed to the research participants (men and women in the Batam Island, totally 195 Chinese and 132 non Chinese). The analysis data result were presented in percentage and it showed that there were several similarities and differences between these two ethnic groups on (1) the display rules of seven basic emotions and (2) the display rules of emotion toward targeted persons, both in public and in private places. Based on the socioculutral paradigm, this finding will help solve any interpersonal – related problems faced by the Chinese with people of other ethnicities in the Batam Island.

Estimating the Valence of Single Stimuli: A New Variant of the Affective Simon Task

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Voß ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Dirk Wentura
Keyword(s):  
Simon Task ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Evaluation Task ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Game Context

Abstract. In this article, a modified variant of the Affective Simon Task (AST; De Houwer & Eelen, 1998 ) is presented as a measure of implicit evaluations of single stimuli. In the AST, the words “good” or “bad” have to be given as responses depending on the color of the stimuli. The AST was combined with an evaluation task to increase the salience of the valence of the presented stimuli. Experiment 1 investigated evaluations of schematic faces showing emotional expressions. In Experiment 2 we measured the valence of artificial stimuli that acquired valence in a game context during the experiment. Both experiments confirm the validity of the modified AST. The results also revealed a dissociation between explicit and implicit evaluations.

Adult processing of child emotional expressions: A meta-analysis of ERP studies.

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1190
Author(s):  
Sierra Kuzava ◽  
Allison Frost ◽  
Laura Perrone ◽  
Erin Kang ◽  
Oliver Lindhiem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotional Expressions

The relationship between explicitness of display rules and sales

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paraskevi T. Christoforou
Keyword(s):  
Display Rules ◽  
The Relationship
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