scholarly journals Climate drivers of bark beetle outbreak dynamics in Norway spruce forests

Ecography ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1426-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Marini ◽  
Bjørn Økland ◽  
Anna Maria Jönsson ◽  
Barbara Bentz ◽  
Allan Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Spruce Forests

Natural regeneration and vegetation changes in wet spruce forests after natural and artificial disturbances

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1907-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Jonášová ◽  
Ivona Matějková
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
The Impact

An extensive area of Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in the Šumava Mountains, Central Europe, has been affected by a massive bark beetle ( Ips typographus L.) outbreak since the mid-1990s. One part of the area was left without intervention and two types of intervention have been applied in other parts: (1) the classical forest approach, based on the logging of attacked trees and (2) “sanitation”, in which attacked trees were cut down, debarked, and left lying in the stand. The main goal of our research was to test the impact of nonintervention and both types of intervention on the regeneration of the Norway spruce forests. The Norway spruce forests influenced by natural disturbances (bark beetle outbreak and windfalls) regenerated very well if left without intervention. The bark beetle outbreaks and windfalls do not represent a threat to the long-term persistence of the forests. Clearcuts resulted in formation of pioneer stages with a postponed spruce regeneration. In sanitation plots, the reduction of both previous vegetation and tree regeneration was obvious. Generally, both interventions against bark beetle delayed the recovery of Norway spruce forests.

Modelling tree mortality by bark beetle infestation in Norway spruce forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 206 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 383-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert Seidl ◽  
Peter Baier ◽  
Werner Rammer ◽  
Axel Schopf ◽  
Manfred J. Lexer
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Spruce Forests

scholarly journals Assessing the resilience of Norway spruce forests through a model-based reanalysis of thinning trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert Seidl ◽  
Friedrich Vigl ◽  
Günter Rössler ◽  
Markus Neumann ◽  
Werner Rammer
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Model Based

Impacts of European spruce bark beetle infestations on Norway spruce BVOC emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Jaakkola ◽  
Anna Maria Jönsson ◽  
Per-Ola Olsson ◽  
Maj-Lena Linderson ◽  
Thomas Holst
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Healthy Tree ◽  
Spruce Bark Beetle ◽  
Spruce Bark

<p>Tree killing by spruce bark beetles (<em>Ips typographus</em>) is one of the main disturbances to Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) forests in Europe and the risk of outbreaks is amplified by climate change with effects such as increased risk of storm felling, tree drought stress and an additional generation of spruce bark beetles per year<sup>[1]</sup>. The warm and dry summer of 2018 triggered large outbreaks in Sweden, the increased outbreaks are still ongoing and affected about 8 million m<sup>3</sup> forest in 2020<sup>[2]</sup>. This is the so far highest record of trees killed by the spruce bark beetle in a single year in Sweden<sup>[2]</sup>. In 1990-2010, the spruce bark beetle killed on average 150 000 m<sup>3</sup> forest per year in southern Sweden<sup>[3]</sup>. Bark beetles normally seek and attack Norway spruces with lowered defense, i.e. trees that are wind-felled or experience prolonged drought stress<sup>[4]</sup>. However, as the number of bark beetle outbreaks increase, the risk of attacks on healthy trees also increase<sup>[5]</sup>. This causes a higher threat to forest industry, and lowers the possibilities to mitigate climate change in terms of potential decreases in carbon uptake if the forests die<sup>[4,5]</sup>. Norway spruce trees normally defend themselves by drenching the beetles in resin<sup>[6]</sup>. The resin in turn contains different biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which can vary if the spruce is attacked by bark beetles or not<sup> [4,6]</sup>. The most abundant group of terpenoids (isoprene, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes), is most commonly emitted from conifers, such as Norway spruce<sup>[7,8]</sup>. The aim of this study was to enable a better understanding of the direct defense mechanisms of spruce trees by quantifying BVOC emissions and its composition from individual trees under attack</p><p>To analyze the bark beetles’ impact on Norway spruce trees a method was developed using tree trunk chambers and adsorbent tubes. This enables direct measurements of the production of BVOCs from individual trees. Three different sites in Sweden, with different environmental conditions were used for the study and samples were collected throughout the growing season of 2019. After sampling, the tubes were analyzed in a lab using automated thermal desorption coupled to a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer to identify BVOC species and their quantity.</p><p>The preliminary results show a strong increase in BVOC emissions from a healthy tree that became infested during the data collection. The finalized results expect to enable better understanding of how spruce trees are affected by insect stress from bark beetles, and if bark beetle infestation will potentially result in increased carbon emission in the form of BVOCs.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>[1] Jönsson et al. (2012). Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 166: 188–200<br>[2] Skogsstyrelsen, (2020). https://via.tt.se/pressmeddelande/miljontals-granar-dodades-av-granbarkborren-2020?publisherId=415163&releaseId=3288473<br>[3] Marini et al. (2017). Ecography, 40(12), 1426–1435.<br>[4] Raffa (1991). Photochemical induction by herbivores. pp. 245-276<strong><br></strong>[5] Seidl, et al. (2014). Nature Climate Change, 4(9), 806-810. <br>[6] Ghimire, et al. (2016). Atmospheric Environment, 126, 145-152.<br>[7] Niinemets, U. and Monson, R. (2013). ISBN 978-94-007-6606-8<br>[8] Kesselmeier, J. and Staudt, M. (1999). Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 33(1), pp.23-88</p>

Inducibility of chemical defenses in Norway spruce bark is correlated with unsuccessful mass attacks by the spruce bark beetle

Oecologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schiebe ◽  
Almuth Hammerbacher ◽  
Göran Birgersson ◽  
Johanna Witzell ◽  
Peter E. Brodelius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Spruce Bark Beetle ◽  
Spruce Bark

Conversion of Norway spruce forests will reduce organic carbon pools in the mountain soils of SW Poland

Geoderma ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Galka ◽  
Beata Labaz ◽  
Adam Bogacz ◽  
Oskar Bojko ◽  
Cezary Kabala
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Mountain Soils ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Sw Poland
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document