scholarly journals Elevated temperature may reduce functional but not taxonomic diversity of fungal assemblages on decomposing leaf‐litter in streams

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Encarnación Fenoy ◽  
Arunava Pradhan ◽  
Cláudia Pascoal ◽  
Juan Rubio‐Ríos ◽  
Daniela Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Fungal Assemblages

Nutrient enrichment increased species richness of leaf litter fungal assemblages in a tropical forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2827-2838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Kerekes ◽  
Michael Kaspari ◽  
Bradley Stevenson ◽  
R. Henrik Nilsson ◽  
Martin Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Fungal Assemblages

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution of microfungi in foliage leaf, bark and leaf litter of Couroupita guianensis

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
G. Venkatesan ◽  
P. S. Sharavanan
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Species Assemblages ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Foliage Leaf ◽  
Couroupita Guianensis ◽  
Colonization Frequency ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Fungal Assemblages

The diversity and distribution of micro fungal assemblages in the foliage leaf, bark and leaf litter tissues of the Couroupita guianensis sacred plant. For the host, we recorded 1005 fungal species isolates from 900 tissue segments. A total of 62 fungal species were isolated from foliar endophytes, phellophytes and leaf litter. The colonization frequency of the fungi species has been recorded as 111.66% from the endophytes, phellophytes and leaf tissues. The fungi species recovered in various groups included ascomycetes, coelomycetes, hyphomycetes, zygomycetes and sterile fungi. The number of fungal species is increased for the plant tissues, it showed that the species diversity is increasing. A correspondence analysis also showed that the fungal species assemblages were different from each type of tissue.

Effects of elevated temperature, elevated CO2 and fertilization on quality and subsequent decomposition of silver birch leaf litter

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2414-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa Huttunen ◽  
Pedro J. Aphalo ◽  
Tarja Lehto ◽  
Pekka Niemelä ◽  
Kari Kuokkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Subsequent Decomposition

scholarly journals Assessing the Effect of Leaf Litter Diversity on the Decomposition and Associated Diversity of Fungal Assemblages

Forests ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2371-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Gao ◽  
Fengfeng Kang ◽  
Tianyu Li ◽  
Xiaoshuai Song ◽  
Weihong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Fungal Assemblages ◽  
Litter Diversity

scholarly journals Shifts in community composition and co-occurrence patterns of phyllosphere fungi inhabiting Mussaenda shikokiana along an elevation gradient

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qian ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xiaoming Guo ◽  
Dan He ◽  
Miaomiao Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Phyllosphere Fungi ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Fungal Assemblages ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

The altitudinal effects on the distributions of phyllosphere fungal assemblages in conspecific plants remain poorly elucidated. To address this, phyllosphere fungal communities associated with Mussaenda shikokiana were investigated at four sites across a 350 m elevation gradient in a subtropical forest by employing Illumina metabarcoding of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region. Our results demonstrated that phyllosphere fungal assemblages with a single host possessed high taxonomic diversity and multiple trophic guilds. OTU richness was significantly influenced by elevation. The elevation gradient also entailed distinct shifts in the community composition of phyllosphere fungi, which was significantly related to geographical distance and mean annual temperature (MAT). Additionally, comparison of phyllosphere fungal networks showed reduced connectivity with increasing elevation. Our data provide insights on the distribution and interactions of the phyllosphere fungal community associated with a single host along a short elevation gradient.

Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Austrocedrus chilensis and Nothofagus forests of Northwestern Patagonia (Argentina)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2548 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
MARCELO E. KUN ◽  
PABLO A. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
ALDA GONZALEZ
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Austrocedrus Chilensis ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Argentinean Patagonia ◽  
Nothofagus Forests ◽  
High Level

Forest sites in Northwestern Argentinean Patagonia were surveyed to determine the oribatid mite fauna. A taxonomic inventory of oribatid mites was carried out in Northwestern Argentinean Patagonia to establish the taxonomic diversity, for increasing the knowledge of their distribution, detecting new species and assessing environmental effects on the oribatid mite community. Eleven sampling sites in nearly pure forests of Austrocedrus chilensis, Nothofagus dombeyi, Nothofagus antarctica were selected as these are among the most recurrent arboreal species found in this region. Samples of leaf litter, soil and pitfall traps contents were taken from each forest. Fifty-five oribatid species, belonging to 46 genera in 28 families, were found. Nine species are new records for Argentina and one for continental Argentina. Thirty-two species were recorded in A. chilensis forests, 35 in N. dombeyi forests and 20 in N. antarctica forests. Fifty species were found in leaf litter, 35 in soil and eight in pitfall traps. Fourteen species were recorded exclusively in leaf litter, one in soil and four in pitfall traps. A high level of endemism is confirmed as nearly 62 % of collected species have previously been found only in Southern Andes supporting the existence of an associated autochthonous oribatid fauna.

Evidence for a shear mechanism for the precipitation of γ-zirconium hydride in zirconium

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
G.J.C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Zirconium Hydride ◽  
Zirconium Atom ◽  
Atom Diffusion ◽  
Solvus Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
The Face

In zirconium-hydrogen alloys, rapid cooling from an elevated temperature causes precipitation of the face-centred tetragonal (fct) phase, γZrH, in the form of needles, parallel to the close-packed <1120>zr directions (1). With low hydrogen concentrations, the hydride solvus is sufficiently low that zirconium atom diffusion cannot occur. For example, with 6 μg/g hydrogen, the solvus temperature is approximately 370 K (2), at which only the hydrogen diffuses readily. Shears are therefore necessary to produce the crystallographic transformation from hexagonal close-packed (hep) zirconium to fct hydride.The simplest mechanism for the transformation is the passage of Shockley partial dislocations having Burgers vectors (b) of the type 1/3<0110> on every second (0001)Zr plane. If the partial dislocations are in the form of loops with the same b, the crosssection of a hydride precipitate will be as shown in fig.1. A consequence of this type of transformation is that a cumulative shear, S, is produced that leads to a strain field in the surrounding zirconium matrix, as illustrated in fig.2a.

Microstructural characterization of a rapidly solidified Al-Fe-V-Si alloy for elevated temperature applications

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 550-551
Author(s):  
R. E. Franck ◽  
J. A. Hawk ◽  
G. J. Shiflet
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Temperature Applications

Rapid solidification processing (RSP) is one method of producing high strength aluminum alloys for elevated temperature applications. Allied-Signal, Inc. has produced an Al-12.4 Fe-1.2 V-2.3 Si (composition in wt pct) alloy which possesses good microstructural stability up to 425°C. This alloy contains a high volume fraction (37 v/o) of fine nearly spherical, α-Al12(Fe, V)3Si dispersoids. The improved elevated temperature strength and stability of this alloy is due to the slower dispersoid coarsening rate of the silicide particles. Additionally, the high v/o of second phase particles should inhibit recrystallization and grain growth, and thus reduce any loss in strength due to long term, high temperature annealing.The focus of this research is to investigate microstructural changes induced by long term, high temperature static annealing heat-treatments. Annealing treatments for up to 1000 hours were carried out on this alloy at 500°C, 550°C and 600°C. Particle coarsening and/or recrystallization and grain growth would be accelerated in these temperature regimes.

Pathogens and other symbionts of the Amphipoda: taxonomic diversity and pathological significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bojko ◽  
M Ovcharenko
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Diversity

Globally endangered butterflies (Lepidoptera) protected in the natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky»

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
K. K. Holoborodko ◽  
V. O. Makhina ◽  
K. S. Buchnieva ◽  
O. E. Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Red List ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Western Palearctic ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
Northern Species

Floodplain valley of the Dnieper river midstream is a unique natural complex, having a great bìogeographical, ecological, environmental, historical and recreational values. In 1990, the Natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky» was established within the area. The Natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky» is environmentally protected site within the Dnipropetrovsk region, Dnipropetrovsk oblast, Ukraine. This reserve occupies part of the Dnieper river valley and marshy and reedy banks of Protovch river (existing bed of Oril river). It was created by Regulation of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of 15 September 1990, No. 262, based on common zoological and ornitological Nature reserves «Taromskì plavni» and «Obukhovskie zaplavy». On the territory of the Natural reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky», they were registered 32 Lepidoptera species listed in the List of Threatened Species at different categories (5 species in IUCN Red List ; 18 in Red Data Book of Ukraine; 7 in European Red List of plants and animals endangered on a global scale; 31 in Red Book of Dnipropetrovsk oblast). The main scientific materials were author’s collections from area of research and materials of entomological funds, Department of Zoology and Ecology, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University (mostly Memorial Collection of V. O. Barsov). Field surveys covered all the ecosystems basic on size and degree of protection. The author’s researches have conducted over the past decade during annual expeditions to the Reserve. Taxonomic structure of the complex is quite diverse, and represented by all the major families of higher millers and rhopalocera, having protectedstatus. In relation to taxonomy, this complex formed by representatives of five superfamilies (Zyganoidea, Noctuoidea, Bombycoidea, Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) from 11 families (Zygaenidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Noctuidae Arctiidae Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Satyridae, Lycaenidae). High taxonomic diversity can be explained by unique geographical location of the reserve in azonal conditions of the Dnieper river valley. Such location allows to enter different zoogeographic Lepidoptera groups on the reserve territory. Zoogeographic analysis of species protected within the reserve territory selected 7 basic groups. It was found that most of the globally rare species have Mediterranean origin (39 %); species of Palearctic origin are in second place (22 %); Western Palearctic and Ponto-Kazakh types of areas are same of number of species, and come third (11 %); and others come 17 % (European, Euro-Siberian, and Holarctic). This fauna component is specific due to presence of so-called «northern» species that make up 40 % (representatives of Palearctic, Western Palearctic, Euro-Siberian, European and Holarctic groups). Their existence within the reserve territory is only possible due to development of boreal valley ecosystems. High taxonomic diversity can be explained by unique geographical location of the reserve in azonal conditions of the Dnieper river valley. Such location allows to enter different zoogeographic Lepidoptera groups on the reserve territory. Zoogeographic analysis of species protected within the reserve territory selected 7 basic groups. It was found that most of the globally rare species have Mediterranean origin (39 %); species of Palearctic origin are in second place (22 %); Western Palearctic and Ponto-Kazakh types of areas are same of number of species, and come third (11 %); and others come 17 % (European, Euro-Siberian, and Holarctic). This fauna component is specific due to presence of so-called «northern» species that make up 40 % (representatives of Palearctic, Western Palearctic, Euro-Siberian, European and Holarctic groups). Their existence within the reserve territory is only possible due to development of boreal valley ecosystems.

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