scholarly journals Global value chains and the rise of the Global South: unpacking twenty-first century polycentric trade

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
RORY HORNER ◽  
KHALID NADVI
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Global South ◽  
First Century ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Twenty First Century

Transfer or Translation? Rethinking Traveling Technologies from the Global South

2022 ◽  
pp. 016224392110722
Author(s):  
Miao Lu ◽  
Jack Linchuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global South ◽  
First Century ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Narrow Focus ◽  
New Space ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Human Actors

Technology flows are becoming increasingly diverse in the twenty-first century, calling for an update of concepts and frameworks. Reflecting on the inherent tensions of technology transfer, including its technocratic dreams, insensitivity to technological materiality, and narrow focus on certain human actors, we propose technology translation as a complementary conceptual framework to understand traveling technologies. Taking a socio-technical approach, technology translation views artifacts as socially shaped with distributed agency, which makes technology flows unstable and unpredictable. In so doing, we develop a typology to explain five technology flow scenarios, shedding new light on the mechanisms of technology traveling by foregrounding the role of translators. Last, we discuss the politics of translation and elaborate how technology translation opens new space to engage with the complexity and uncertainty of technology flows, especially in the Global South.

scholarly journals 21st-century capitalism: structural challenges for universal health care

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K. Sell
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
First Century ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Universal Health Care ◽  
The Status ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Universal Health

AbstractThe structural perspective outlined here sheds light on some of the fundamental challenges involved in achieving Universal Health Care (UHC) in this twenty-first-century era of trade and financialized capitalism. This commentary explores connections between the structure of twenty-first-century capitalism and challenges to achieving UHC, discussing three features of today’s capitalism: financialized capitalism; trade, intangibles and global value chains; and inequality (as exacerbated by the first two features). The final section discusses the various opportunities for reform to facilitate UHC—from tinkering with the status quo, to deeper regulatory reform and fundamental structural change.

Corporate social responsibility: A supplier-centered perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1700-1709
Author(s):  
Peter Lund-Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Global South ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global North ◽  
Corporate Social

This article develops a supplier-centered approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in global value chains (GVCs) by answering the research question: why are suppliers in the Global South that are integrated into GVCs often highly skeptical of CSR? As CSR constitutes a vague and contested term, we undertake a short review of some of the most dominant CSR conceptions that have emerged in the last 20 years. We argue that these CSR definitions are often framed and promoted by key actors in the Global North, the home of many lead firms, in ways that overlook the unique challenges and broader circumstances faced by suppliers and countries in the Global South. We conclude by combining the key considerations of local suppliers in a more consolidated supplier perspective on CSR in GVCs.

scholarly journals The ‘factory manager dilemma’: Purchasing practices and environmental upgrading in apparel global value chains

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahwish J Khan ◽  
Stefano Ponte ◽  
Peter Lund-Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Global South ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Social Upgrading

Economic and environmental upgrading in global value chains are intertwined processes. The existing global value chain literature has so far articulated the relationships between economic and social upgrading but has only recently started to explore the challenges of environmental upgrading from the perspective of suppliers in the Global South. In this article, we examine the ‘factory manager dilemma’ as a way of conceptualising the purchasing practices and environmental upgrading requirements faced by suppliers in their dealings with lead firms in global value chains. Specifically, we analyse the environmental upgrading challenges experienced by Pakistani apparel firms. We conclude that Pakistani apparel suppliers are required both to absorb the consequences of global buyers’ unsustainable purchasing practices and to reduce their own profitability – all in the name of sustainability.

The Price We Demand for Asylum

No Refuge ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 121-150
Author(s):  
Serena Parekh
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Global South ◽  
First Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Twenty First Century

Because the options for refugees in the Global South are so dire, many choose to seek asylum in a Western country. Yet even though there is a widely recognized right to seek asylum, most Western states have put in place deterrence policies to discourage and prevent asylum seekers from seeking asylum in their countries. These policies make seeking asylum difficult and sometimes deadly. Because seeking asylum in the twenty-first century is so dangerous, refugees are often forced to hire human smugglers. Increasingly, those who do make it to the West to claim asylum find themselves in circumstances similar to the ones they are fleeing: living in impoverished camps or closed off in detention centers. This aspect of the second crisis—the price we ask refugees to pay to claim asylum—is rarely discussed when considering what we owe to refugees. This chapter highlights this phenomenon and its moral implications.

scholarly journals Poverty chains and global capitalism

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Selwyn
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Global South ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Secondary Sources

The proliferation of global value chains is portrayed in academic and policy circles as representing new development opportunities for firms and regions in the global south. This article tests these claims by examining original material from non-governmental organizations’ reports and secondary sources on the garment and electronics chains in Cambodia and China, respectively. This empirical evidence suggests that these global value chains generate new forms of worker poverty. Based on these findings, the article proposes the novel Global Poverty Chain approach. The article critiques and reformulates principal concepts associated with the Global Value Chain approach – of value-added, rent and chain governance – and challenges a core assumption prevalent within Global Value Chain analysis: that workers’ low wages are a function of their employment in low productivity industries. Instead, it shows that (1) many supplier firms in the global south are as, or more, productive than their equivalents in the global north; (2) often predominantly female workers in these industries are super exploited (paid wages below their subsistence requirements) and (3) chain governance represents a lead firm value-capturing strategy, which intensifies worker exploitation.

On the Imperial Origins of Immigration in Nadifa Mohamed’s Black Mamba Boy and Claude Mckay’s Banjo

2019 ◽  
pp. 144-169
Author(s):  
Christopher Ian Foster
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
First Century ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
Colonial Institutions ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter assesses the imperial origins of immigration. Chapter 6 studies Nadifa Mohamed’s 2010 novel Black Mamba Boy as a refashioning of Claude McKay’s novel Banjo. The chapter reads Mohamed’s novel as a migritude text and demonstrates the ways in which it reshapes Banjo’s migrant pan-Africanism into a narrative that negotiates colonial structures from the perspective of Somali migration. Jama’s diasporic nomadism, for example, circulates through, and is impinged upon by, both British and Italian colonial institutions and modes of managing movement. Furthermore, he is literally conscripted by the Italian army—a fate not uncommon for Somalis. Beyond the colonial setting of Black Mamba Boy, Mohamed, also speaks to our twenty-first century and the ways in which immigrants from the Global South are haunted, even conscripted, by colonial structures of immigration in the present.

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