How to Succeed in a Transnational Labor Market: Job Search and Wages among Hungarian, Slovak, and Czech Commuters in Austria

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Verwiebe ◽  
Christoph Reinprecht ◽  
Raimund Haindorfer ◽  
Laura Wiesboeck
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labor Market Integration ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Job Searching

This paper deals with job search strategies and wages among cross-border commuters residing in the Central European Region (CENTROPE). Our main aim is to investigate the role of social networks as constitutive for job searching and for successful labor market integration. We build upon a theoretical framework developed by Aguilera and Massey, reflecting on the nexus of social networks, job search methods, and related labor market outcomes. Methodologically, we use a new quantitative survey on the employment careers of cross-border commuters residing in the regions of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary bordering on Austria, conducted in the winter/spring of 2012/2013 (N = 2,573). Our results corroborate the hypothesis that human and social capital resources as well as labor market characteristics serve as key factors for job search and labor market integration among cross-border commuters in the CENTROPE transnational labor market.

scholarly journals Different Patterns of Labor Market Integration by Migration Motivation in Europe: The Role of Host Country Human Capital

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Zwysen
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labor Market Integration

We study whether the acquisition of host country human capital, such as obtaining equivalent qualifications, good language skills, or naturalization, explains differences in labor market integration between migrants depending on their initial motivation. We use cross-national European data from the 2008 ad hoc module of the Labour Force Survey to analyze migrant gaps in labor market participation, employment, occupational status, and precarious employment. We find that different rates of and returns to host country human capital explain a substantial part of the improvements in labor market outcomes with years of residence, particularly for noneconomic migrants who experience faster growth on average.

Network-Based Job Search

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Krug ◽  
Martina Rebien
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Market Outcomes

SummaryUsing a search-theoretical model proposed by Montgomery (1992), we analyze the effects of information flow via social networks (friends, relatives, and other personal contacts) on monetary and non-monetary labor market outcomes. Propensity score matching on survey data from low-status unemployed respondents is used to identify causal effects. The analysis takes into account unobserved heterogeneity by applying Rosenbaum bounds. We show that the standard approach to investigating labor market outcomes in terms of how jobs are found is misleading. As an alternative, we propose focusing comparative analyses of labor market outcomes on how individuals search for jobs and, more particularly, on whether they search for jobs via social networks. Using this approach we find no evidence for causal effects on monetary outcomes such as wages and wage satisfaction. We also find no effects for non-monetary outcomes like job satisfaction.

scholarly journals ‘You Need to Know Someone Who Knows Someone’: International Students’ Job Search Experiences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolle Alho
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
International Students ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
International Student ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Labor Market Integration ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Institutional Contexts

The article analyzes how 31 international students (IS) entered the Finnish labor market as they graduated from Finnish universities. Despite a growing interest in international student migration (ISM), there are few studies that analyze the firsthand experiences of IS as they seek to enter the receiving-country labor markets as they graduate. This article contributes to the topic by showing how the interviewees of this study managed to enter the receiving-country labor markets, which are embedded in national, cultural, and institutional contexts that require context-bound knowledge of particular recruitment patterns.The contribution of the article lies in (1) providing new insights on an understudied topic: IS’ experiences of finding jobs in the country of graduation, and, in (2) constructing a theoretical framework for analyzing IS’ job search in the countries ofgraduation. More broadly, the article contributes to the studies on highly educated migrants’ labor market integration by shedding light on the experiences in a Nordic setting.

scholarly journals Race and Networks in the Job Search Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla ◽  
Devah Pager
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Job Offers

Racial disparities persist throughout the employment process, with African Americans experiencing significant barriers compared to whites. This article advances the understanding of racial labor market stratification by bringing new theoretical insights and original data to bear on the ways social networks shape racial disparities in employment opportunities. We develop and articulate two pathways through which networks may perpetuate racial inequality in the labor market: network access and network returns. In the first case, African American job seekers may receive fewer job leads through their social networks than white job seekers, limiting their access to employment opportunities. In the second case, black and white job seekers may utilize their social networks at similar rates, but their networks may differ in effectiveness. Our data, with detailed information about both job applications and job offers, provide the unique ability to adjudicate between these processes. We find evidence that black and white job seekers utilize their networks at similar rates, but network-based methods are less likely to lead to job offers for African Americans. We then theoretically develop and empirically test two mechanisms that may explain these differential returns: network placement and network mobilization. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for scholarship on racial stratification and social networks in the job search process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document