Pricing strategies for O2O business model considering service spillover and power structures

Author(s):  
Limeng Chai ◽  
Yongrui Duan ◽  
Jiazhen Huo
2018 ◽  
pp. 6-42
Author(s):  
Shane Hamilton

The first chapter maps out the power structures of midcentury American supermarketing, exposing the essential lie of the notion that supermarkets were mere products of “free enterprise.” The focus is on the world’s largest supermarket chain at the time, the Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company (A&P). After a brief summary of the rise of the supermarket business model—a model at first rejected by A&P’s executives but then fully embraced by the end of the 1930s—the chapter illustrates the ways in which consolidated food retailers relied upon government support of industrialized agriculture to transform the nation’s food economy by the late 1940s.


2013 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yu Xiong

The model where the remanufacturer and the manufacturer collaborate with each other in the same channel has been studied before, while this paper firstly investigates it under three channel power structures. This paper investigates a single-period deterministic model which keeps the analysis simple so as to obtain sharper insights. The results characterize the optimal remanufacturing and pricing strategies for the remanufacturer and the manufacturer in the collaborative model under the three channel structures, and find that in each case, because the total market profit in the collaborative model is higher than the competitive model, the collaborative model will be built as soon as the remanufacturer’s profit is ensured. Besides, this paper compares the pricing strategies of the collaborative model between the channel structures.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyi Du ◽  
Yubing Fan ◽  
Lina Yan

Under two different power structures, where the supplier and the distributor, respectively, are modeled as the leader, this paper studies water pricing strategies in two competing water resources supply chains. We assume that each water supply chain consists of a risk-neutral water supplier and a risk-neutral water distributor. We build different decision models for two competitive water resources supply chains, derive the optimal decision strategies for the water supply chain members, and analyze how competition intensity affects these decisions. Analytical results show that when the supplier is the leader, its water wholesale price is always higher than that when the distributor serves as the leader. On the other hand, the retail price and the two supply chains’ channel profits depend on the competition intensity, but are independent of the power structure. To illustrate the proposed models, we apply them to examine the water pricing strategies in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. The results showed significant insights into the pricing strategies of water resources in different routes of this massive water diversion project.


2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Greenhow ◽  
Benjamin Gleason

Purpose – This paper aims to provide a re-envisioning of traditional conceptualizations of scholarship informed by knowledge assets theory, trends shaping the modern university and technological advancements. We introduce social scholarship, a set of scholarly practices being envisioned within the conventional four domains of scholarship (i.e. discovery, integration, teaching and application). This paper provides concrete examples of the benefits and challenges of enacting social scholarly practices in light of Boisot’s theory of information flows, proprietary knowledge and the social learning cycle. Design/methodology/approach – This article is a cross-disciplinary conceptual exploration. Findings – In the model of social scholarship, access to knowledge is spreading faster than ever before; information flows are bi-directional in each domain (discovery, teaching, integration and application) where previously knowledge resided with the institution, flowing out to the public. Relationships between scholars and their university as well as between government, university, researchers and the public are being re-negotiated. Research limitations/implications – Certain limitations may exist, such as the conceptual alignment of a business model of knowledge generation to the university, which has particular cultures, service-orientations and power structures that are unique to academia. Practical implications – The alternative model for scholarship outlined in this paper has implications for those in higher education concerned with faculty recruitment, retention, professional development and performance review. The insights in this paper are also relevant for those concerned with the induction and training of doctoral students and preparation of future faculty programs. Social implications – The conceptualization of scholarship outlined in this paper has implications for a broad, non-specialist audience who seeks to access, critique and provide input on basic, interdisciplinary or applied research as well as teaching in higher education. Originality/value – Using a business model of knowledge generation, this paper introduces how current social media affordances and societal values can and are transforming conceptions of “the scholar,” “scholarship” and the university as knowledge-purveyor.


Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zhenyang Pi ◽  
Weiguo Fang

This paper studies the implication of channel discrepancy between the retail and direct channels in a dual-channel supply chain consisting of one common retailer and two manufacturers in which the manufacturers may have different market powers. Each manufacturer provides a substitutable product and opens an online channel to customers directly. We develop an analytical model to derive the optimal pricing strategies by using game theory and the backward induction method, and we examine related properties under three market power structures while considering channel discrepancy, including the Nash equilibrium, the Manufacturers leader Stackelberg, and the M1 leader Stackelberg models (denoted as the N, MS, and M1S models, respectively). Numerical simulations are examined to reveal and verify the effect of channel discrepancy on optimal prices, demands, and profits. We find that a higher level of channel discrepancy induces higher prices, demands, and profits for each member in both channels, while this kind of stimulating impact for the leader manufacturer who obtains a higher level of channel discrepancy will be more significant than it is for the other members in the three models. In addition, the profit of the supply chain in the N model is always higher than it is in the MS model, while it may be higher or lower than it is in the M1S model depending on the level of channel discrepancy.


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