Free Enterprise

What is free enterprise? What role does it play in the economy and how does it relate to economic liberty? Why do different ways of interfering with free enterprise persist? What problems can interference with free enterprise cause? Under what circumstances is limiting the space for free enterprise justified?

Textbook Economics from Ameritrade’s Joe Ricketts

This article reviews the history of Ameritrade founded and developed by Joe Ricketts into a spectacularly successful discount brokerage enterprise. It, as such, represents another example of a risk-taking innovator who achieves success by filling a need in a free-enterprise market. The main takeaway is that free-enterprise works best from the bottom-up, that is, when individuals or individual companies ‘creatively destruct’ existing markets or generate new markets for goods or services through the implementation of innovative ideas and technology. The article also delineates the workings of the free-enterprise market by pointing out how familiar textbook economic principles are illustrated in the Ameritrade experience. JEL Classifications: A10, D01, E02, G10

Upbringing in an Uncertain Future as a Reflection of the Reality of the Present

The article considers the factors, determine the uncertainty of the modern world, as a specific characteristic of the current situation of children and adolescents ‘ development, set by the realities of the XXI century, in particular-the financial and economic crisis of 2008, the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in March 2011, the transformation of space into the sphere of free enterprise in the 2010s, mutating strains of COVID-19, which, having put humanity in the face of the problem of survival in the conditions of the pandemic, showed both bright and dark qualities of modern people, regardless of the country of residence, social status, income level and quality of education. A retrospective analysis of educational programs in the Russian Federation from 2000 to the present is proposed in the context of their adequacy to the challenges of constantly changing reality. Some results of the survey of children and adolescents participating in the thematic program of the International Union of Children’s Organizations SPO-FDO “Excellent meeting. Children’s diplomacy of friendship” (Children’s Center “Orlyonok”, children’s camp “Komsomolsky” (07.09-27.09.2020), as well as tips on the problems of modern education from today’s teenagers to educating adults are presented.

Cost into Benefit

Carbon capture has received a lot of attention as a climate change-fighting tool. If private companies can find a way to make profitable products from captured carbon, then free enterprise will leverage the marketplace toward climate action instead of against it. Proposed uses have been emerging across a vast array of products and materials, whether in new ways to make traditional materials or in entirely new materials and products.

DIRIGISMO JUDICIAL NOS CONTRATOS EDUCACIONAIS: LIMITES E CRITÉRIOS À INTERVENÇÃO ESTATAL NO PREÇO DAS MENSALIDADES ESCOLARES.

Since the normativeorganization supported by an analytical Federal Constitution, containing general and abstract norms that claim the judges to active participationin the realization of justice, in specifics cases, has been opened space for judicial activism. In the theoryof the contracts, the formulations of new paradigms, such as equity, good faith and social function authorizes the state intervention in privatesbusiness. Especially in the adhesion contracts, in consumer relationships. State intervention, however, have to respect constitutional principles, such warranty of free enterprise, and private property. This article, therefor, through the deductive method, aims to contribute to the considerations ofthe possibility of states intervention in privateeducationalcontracts, reconciling the capitalist model adoptedin Federal Constitution order and the guarantees inherent to with the protection of consumers, without this implying as affront to the Federal Constitutionlimits.To this is necessary to apply the techniqueof weighing constitutionalrights in conflict. The article suggests that State should not intervene in setting private prices, but to facilitatepayments.

From Tory Boy to #sadmanonatrain: Great British Railway Journeys and the hard and soft masculinities of Michael Portillo

Before 2005, Michael Portillo was a reviled populist, right-wing British Conservative politician. Seemingly, he is a now a mellowed national treasure due largely to his approachable, friendly, prolific series of travelogues, Great British Railway Journeys (2010–present). This multi-series documentary has been a remarkable BBC success: delivering upbeat music, dynamic camera work, a repetitive format, rosy-tinted Victoriana and celebratory subject matter, the programme makers ensure that the programme is feel-good, cosy, nostalgic and soothing. But Portillo’s political inclinations are apparent: Portillo, sometimes quite subtly, expresses consistently his passion for free enterprise, for the supposed benefits of historical colonialism, for the monarchy, for the military and for social liberalism. A believer in an enterprise-encouraging small state and in personal liberty and social mobility, Portillo’s politics chime in directly with the current thinking of the Conservative Party leadership. In short, the apparently benign travelogue series promotes Portillo’s mainstream post-Thatcherite British Conservatism: an analysis of the ubiquitous programme’s understated but clear Conservatism counters right-wing accusations about the BBC’s alleged leftist bias.

Spiritual Rearmament

This chapter documents evangelical Protestant efforts to “spiritually rearm” Germany and Europe in an era of Cold War militarization. These spiritual efforts complemented a vast increase in American military capabilities during the early 1950s, as well as West Germany’s entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The evangelical pursuit of Europe’s “spiritual rearmament” signaled the rising prominence of Protestant evangelicals in American politics and diplomacy. Vying for spiritual leadership of their nation, Protestant evangelicals prepared to spread across the globe a gospel of faith, freedom, and free enterprise. In response to Cold War rearmament campaigns, a growing number of American ecumenists began to adopt Europe’s “third way” theology.