Student Engagement

Student engagement is often considered a challenging term to define since it is a complex construct of several factors. Nevertheless, it refers to the degree of interest, motivation, or curiosity students demonstrate in their learning. This chapter explores how student engagement frameworks have evolved from a traditional didactic model (educator focused) to a modern co-created collaborative model (student focused) and has missed some key factors. To fill in the identified gaps on student engagement, a framework of learning stewardship is proposed.

Developing a faculty-librarian collaboration model to support teaching and research at Vietnamese universities

PurposeThis paper aims to design a collaborative model amongst faculty and librarian to support teaching and research congruent with the Vietnamese context.Design/methodology/approachThe mix-method research is used in three stages to (1) study the situation and problems of faculty-librarian collaboration by using semi-structured interviews with 29 participants, (2) survey factors influencing the collaboration from 455 samples, (3) evaluate and arrange the influence level of factors from 18 experts' perspectives.FindingsThe research results show that in order to enhance the quality and gain goals of the collaboration, it is necessary to meet three elements, in which universities must (1) meet essential conditions and factors, (2) identify collaborative objectives and activities, collaborative process/guidelines, and evaluating collaboration; and (3) clarify the participation and support of stakeholders to achieve common outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsThis study carried out with representatives for key informant group at four universities in Vietnam, thus, the research results could not cover all current situation of the faculty–librarian collaboration at universities.Originality/valueThis paper provides the detail picture of faculty–librarian collaboration practices and factors having influence this activity at Vietnamese universities. Then, the findings help administrators, faculty and librarians understand and deploy a reasonable plan in accordance with the university's features to enhance the effectiveness and success of the faculty–librarian collaboration.

A multidisciplinary collaborative model based on single-port thoracoscopy for the treatment of giant mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia: a case report

Mediastinal unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) frequently manifests as a hyper-enhancing lymph node mass and is often surgically curable. However, because of excessive vascularisation and adhesion to important surrounding structures, surgery is often associated with severe haemorrhage that is often difficult to control thoracoscopically. Therefore, thoracotomy is often preferred, which increases the trauma to the patient and affects postoperative recovery. Here, we describe the case of a 30-year-old male patient with a large upper mediastinal lymph node (7 × 5 × 4 cm) that was compressing his superior vena cava. The distribution of nutritive arteries of the mass was analysed in detail, and the main branches were embolised prior to surgery. With the assistance of preoperative isovolumetric haemodilution, we achieved complete resection through single-port thoracoscopy, with only minor haemorrhage, which enabled the patient to recover rapidly. This multidisciplinary collaborative model, based on single-port thoracoscopic surgery, may be of wide practical use for the treatment of mediastinal UCD.

Integrating Collaboration and Leadership in Conversational Group Recommender Systems

Recent observational studies highlight the importance of considering the interactions between users in the group recommendation process, but to date their integration has been marginal. In this article, we propose a collaborative model based on the social interactions that take place in a web-based conversational group recommender system. The collaborative model allows the group recommender to implicitly infer the different roles within the group, namely, collaborative and leader user(s). Moreover, it serves as the basis of several novel collaboration-based consensus strategies that integrate both individual and social interactions in the group recommendation process. A live-user evaluation confirms that our approach accurately identifies the collaborative and leader users in a group and produces more effective recommendations.

From crawling to sprinting: Community translation goes mainstream

The notion that “two heads are better than one” is hardly new when applied to translation. The entire corpus of Buddhist sutras was translated into Chinese collaboratively by foreign and Chinese monks over a thousand-year period which began in the 1st century A.D. (Chueung, 2006). However, the dominant model used today for translation in the commercial sector depends on a process that largely inhibits collaboration. This article presents some of the latest findings from research on the state of community translation, based on multiple market research studies carried out over a five-year period, including a comparative analysis of 100 community translation environments and interviews with stakeholders. The research reveals that, over the course of the last several years, translation industry participants have been moving away from the traditional process toward a more dynamic and collaborative model. As community-based models have grown in popularity, distinct types of environments have emerged as well.

Massively collaborative crowdsourced research on COVID19 and the chemical senses

In March 2020, the Global Consortium of Chemosensory Research (GCCR) was founded by chemosensory researchers to address then emerging reports of unusual smell and taste dysfunction arising from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Over the next year, the GCCR used a highly collaborative model, along with contemporary Open Science practices, to produce multiple high impact publications on chemosensation and COVID19. This invited manuscript describes the founding of the GCCR, the tools and approaches it used, and a summary of findings to date. These findings are contextualized within a summary of some of the broader insights about chemosensation (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) and COVID19 gained over the last 18 months, including potential mechanisms of loss. Also, it includes a detailed discussion of some current Open Science approaches and practices used by the GCCR to increase transparency, rigor, and reproducibility.

The Netherlands’ first architectural couples: women architects in their own right?

In the period up to the end of the Second World War, 21 women in the Netherlands completed an academic architectural course. Five of these women married a fellow architect and conducted a joint architectural practice with their husband. These practices profited from the post-war reconstruction boom and, in the 1950s and ’60s, from the growing demand for housing and utilitarian buildings. Jannie Kammer-Kret, Toki Lammers-Koeleman, Jeanne van Rood-van Rijswijk, Koos Pot-Keegstra and Lotte Stam-Beese contrived to flourish in their chosen profession, and all had successful careers. The collaborative model embraced by these couples, which allowed the female partners to develop their potential to the full, was surprisingly emancipated for the time. Although a home-based office, with its combination of business with household and children, held obvious appeal for the woman, the initiative for such arrangements sometimes came from the husband. There were several variations on the respectful and equitable collaborative model, ranging from one in which each partner worked independently on their own commissions to one in which the melding of individual contributions was such that it was no longer possible to attribute designs to one or the other partner. What these models demonstrate is that the women architects did not need to depend on the name and fame of their husband but were perfectly capable of shaping their own career. The work of these women architects was strongly influenced by Nieuwe Bouwen principles as reflected in the application of a functionalist and sober formal idiom, averse to superfluous decoration. Unsurprisingly, given the professional circles they both frequented, their partners held similar architectural views. This undoubtedly contributed to mutual inspiration and possibly also to two-way influence. The output of women architects is astonishingly varied. These women responded to the spirit of the times and to the sometimes difficult economic circumstances by employing new types of dwellings, building materials and techniques, designing buildings for new groups of residents or by familiarizing themselves with the latest requirements of industrial clients or government bodies. Their portfolios encompassed commissions for utilitarian buildings as well as for the more predictable houses. Their household experience and practicality proved particularly useful in the design of private homes, residential aged care and schools, finding expression in efficient floor plans, modern furnishings and new, easy to clean materials. This is also evident in the home-cum-practice they designed for themselves, where they were able to give free rein to those principles.