scholarly journals A species complex within the isopod genus Haploniscus (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Peracarida) from the Southern Ocean deep sea: a morphological and molecular approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIEBKE BRÖKELAND ◽  
MICHAEL J. RAUPACH
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Molecular Approach

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures of deep-sea meiofauna follow oceanographical gradients across the Southern Ocean

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gritta Veit-Köhler ◽  
Katja Guilini ◽  
Ilka Peeken ◽  
Petra Quillfeldt ◽  
Christoph Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Stable Isotope Signatures

scholarly journals Microdistribution of Faunal Assemblages at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in the Southern Ocean

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e48348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Marsh ◽  
Jonathan T. Copley ◽  
Veerle A. I. Huvenne ◽  
Katrin Linse ◽  
William D. K. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Faunal Assemblages

The work of the Discovery Committee

1950 ◽  
Vol 202 (1068) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Original Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Staff ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Whaling Industry ◽  
Major Industry ◽  
Colonial Office

The geographical field in which most of the Discovery Committee’s work has been carried out during the past 25 years is the Southern Ocean. This zone of continuous deep water, very rich in marine fife, supports one major industry—the whaling industry—but is otherwise little developed as yet, and seldom visited. It is not easy to find a short descriptive label for the work itself, but nearly all of it comes under the headings of deep-sea oceanography, whales and whaling, or Antarctic geography, and much of it is concerned with the interrelations of these subjects. Since the beginning in 1924 the Discovery Committee has worked under the Colonial Office, but in 1949 the Committee’s functions, together with the scientific staff, the ships, and other assets, were taken over by the Admiralty, and now form part of the new National Institute of Oceanography. The Discovery Committee, in its original form, has been dissolved, but it is encouraging to know that the continuation of its work is assured.

New subgenus and new species of marine benthic ostracods of genus Doloria (Ostracoda; Myodocopina) from the Southern Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3356 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR G. CHAVTUR ◽  
SIMONE N. BRANDÃO ◽  
ALEXANDER G. BASHMANOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Fifth Limb ◽  
Water Depths

The project ANDEEP was designed to fill gaps in the knowledge of the biodiversity of the Southern Ocean deep sea. Threeoceanographic cruises (ANDEEP I, II and III) were undertaken in 2002 and 2005 in the Atlantic Sector of the SouthernOcean. Hundreds of samples were collected from 40 stations with water depths ranging from 748 to 6,348 m. Investiga-tions were carried out on a broad range of taxa, including bacteria, meio-, macroand megafauna. Approximately 5000ostracods were collected, which included 29 specimens of Doloria (Dolorietta) subgen. nov.The subdivision of the genus Doloria Skogsberg, 1920 into two subgenera, Doloria (Doloria) and the novel subgenusDoloria (Dolorietta), is based on differences in the structures of the fifth limb, the armature of the sensory bristle on the5th segment of the antennula, and the number of bristles on the 4th endite of the sixth limb. Four new species in the newsubgenus were identified from the ANDEEP samples. The new subgenus and the four novel species are described andillustrated. Two of these new species are named Doloria (Dolorietta) antarctica sp. nov. and Doloria (Dolorietta) sextafiliformis sp. nov., but the other two species are left in open nomenclature (i.e. Doloria (Dolorietta) sp. nov. 1 and Doloria(Dolorietta) sp. nov. 2) because only juveniles were found in our material. Keys to the subgenera and species of Doloria are provided.

scholarly journals Coccolithophore biodiversity controls carbonate export in the Southern Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés S. Rigual Hernández ◽  
Thomas W. Trull ◽  
Scott D. Nodder ◽  
José A. Flores ◽  
Helen Bostock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Major Fraction ◽  
Oceanic Fronts ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Particulate Inorganic Carbon

Abstract. Southern Ocean waters are projected to undergo profound changes in their physical and chemical properties in the coming decades. Coccolithophore blooms in the Southern Ocean are thought to account for a major fraction of the global marine calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production and export to the deep sea. Therefore, changes in the composition and abundance of Southern Ocean coccolithophore populations are likely to alter the marine carbon cycle, with feedbacks to the rate of global climate change. However, the contribution of coccolithophores to CaCO3 export in the Southern Ocean is uncertain, particularly in the circumpolar subantarctic zone that represents about half of the areal extent of the Southern Ocean and where coccolithophores are most abundant. Here, we present measurements of annual CaCO3 flux and quantitatively partition them amongst coccolithophore species and heterotrophic calcifiers at two sites representative of a large portion of the subantarctic zone. We find that coccolithophores account for a major fraction of the annual CaCO3 export, with the highest contributions in waters with low algal biomass accumulations. Notably, our analysis reveals that although Emiliania huxleyi is an important vector for CaCO3 export to the deep sea, less abundant but larger species account for most of the annual coccolithophore CaCO3 flux. This observation contrasts with the generally accepted notion that high particulate inorganic carbon accumulations during the austral summer in the subantarctic Southern Ocean are mainly caused by E. huxleyi blooms. It appears likely that the climate-induced migration of oceanic fronts will initially result in the poleward expansion of large coccolithophore species increasing CaCO3 production. However, subantarctic coccolithophore populations will eventually diminish as acidification overwhelms those changes. Overall, our analysis emphasizes the need for species-centred studies to improve our ability to project future changes in phytoplankton communities and their influence on marine biogeochemical cycles.

Antennuloniscus alfi n. sp. (Crustacea: Isopoda: Haploniscidae) from the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1130 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
LAURA WÜRZBERG ◽  
WIEBKE BRÖKELAND
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Scotia Sea ◽  
Epibenthic Sledge

Antennuloniscus alfi n. sp. is reported from samples obtained with an epibenthic sledge in the deep sea of the Southern Ocean. The species can be recognised by its trapezoidal head, the broad and short articles 5 and 6 of the antenna and the pleotelson, which has rounded margins and two dorsal cuticular tubercles.

scholarly journals Chiridota heheva—the cosmopolitan holothurian

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin A. Thomas ◽  
Ruoyu Liu ◽  
Diva Amon ◽  
Jon T. Copley ◽  
Adrian G. Glover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Chemosynthetic Ecosystems ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractChemosynthetic ecosystems have long been acknowledged as key areas of enrichment for deep-sea life, supporting hundreds of endemic species. Echinoderms are among the most common taxa inhabiting the periphery of chemosynthetic environments, and of these, chiridotid holothurians are often the most frequently observed. Yet, published records of chiridotids in these habitats are often noted only as supplemental information to larger ecological studies and several remain taxonomically unverified. This study therefore aimed to collate and review all known records attributed to Chiridota Eschscholtz, 1829, and to conduct the first phylogenetic analysis into the relationship of these chiridotid holothurians across global chemosynthetic habitats. We show that Chiridota heheva Pawson & Vance, 2004 is a globally widespread, cosmopolitan holothurian that occupies all three types of deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystem—hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and organic falls—as an organic-enrichment opportunist. Furthermore, we hypothesise that C. heheva may be synonymous with another vent-endemic chiridotid, Chiridota hydrothermica Smirnov et al., 2000, owing to the strong morphological, ecological and biogeographical parallels between the two species, and predict that any chiridotid holothurians subsequently discovered at global reducing environments will belong to this novel species complex. This study highlights the importance of understudied, peripheral taxa, such as holothurians, to provide insights to biogeography, connectivity and speciation at insular deep-sea habitats.

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