The European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) has
become the major agricultural and environmental pest species in Australia.
Current methods of rabbit control are lethal procedures which are increasingly
questioned for their overall efficiency, applicability, specificity, cost and
humaneness. New initiatives are required. One such initiative is
virus-vectored immunocontraception. In this approach, the lagomorph-specific
myxoma virus will be genetically engineered to include genes encoding
components of rabbit gametes which can induce an immune response that causes
infertility. Central to such a strategy is the ability to identify antigens
capable of inducing an immunocontraceptive response. A strategy for
identifying such antigens has been described previously. A case study of one
sperm antigen, PH-20, is reported here. The issues involved in developing this
antigen to the stage where it could be considered as a candidate for insertion
into a recombinant myxoma virus with the ultimate goal of testing for
immunocontraceptive efficacy are discussed. Techniques for inserting genes
into myxoma virus have been described previously. The knowledge gained from
research with this particular antigen are broadly applicable to other antigens
used for both immunocontraceptive vaccines in general and, specifically, for
virus-vectored immunocontraception.