Development of an in vivo assay to assess attachment of Neoparamoeba sp. (an amphizoic gymnamoeba) to the gills of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.

Fish oogenesis represents pleiotropic cytodifferentiative programs including hepatic synthesis of the molecular components for both the eggshell and the oocytic energy deposits. Both hepatic processes are directly controlled by plasma levels of estradiol (E2), and injected E2 induces both biogenetic processes in prepubertal fish of both sexes. This work compares the temporal pattern of E2-induced biosynthesis of zona radiata proteins (zr-proteins) and vitellogenin in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in vivo and in vitro. We monitored the presence of plasma zr-proteins and vitellogenin, using homologous polyclonal antiserum to zr-proteins and a monoclonal antibody to vitellogenin. Zr-proteins were induced by all E2 concentrations (0.001-1.1 mg/kg body weight (bw)) within one week of exposure while vitellogenin was not induced until two weeks post-injection and then only in plasma from fish injected with high E2 concentrations (0.4 mg or 1.1 mg/kg bw). After E2 treatment, hepatocytes isolated from male fish synthesized zr-proteins and vitellogenin in vitro. However, zr-proteins were secreted into the medium two days before vitellogenin, as measured by ELISA. The data indicate a preferential induction of zr-proteins compared with vitellogenin, both with regard to E2 sensitivity and response time to E2 treatment. These findings suggest an obligate sequence in salmon oogenesis. During sexual maturation low E2 levels at first induce only zonagenesis, while increasing levels of E2 subsequently induce both zonagenesis and vitellogenesis. In nature, the interval between zonagenesis and vitellogenesis may, therefore, be considerable. The data suggest new control mechanisms in fish oogenesis.

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In vitro adaptation of SAV3 in cell culture correlates with reduced in vivo replication capacity and virulence to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/jgv.0.000242 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 96 (10) ◽

pp. 3023-3034 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elin Petterson ◽

Tz-Chun Guo ◽

Øyvind Haugland ◽

Øystein Evensen ◽

Aase B. Mikalsen

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Replication Capacity ◽

Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

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In vivo determination of fat content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with a mobile NMR spectrometer

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.2117 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (8) ◽

pp. 1299-1304 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Emil Veliyulin ◽

Claas van der Zwaag ◽

Wolfgang Burk ◽

Ulf Erikson

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Fat Content ◽

Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽

Mobile Nmr

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N-acetylhistidine, a novel osmolyte in the lens of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00214.2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 299 (4) ◽

pp. R1075-R1081 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jeremy D. Rhodes ◽

Olav Breck ◽

Rune Waagbo ◽

Ellen Bjerkas ◽

Julie Sanderson

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Control Diet ◽

Cataract Formation ◽

Positive Linear Relationship ◽

Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽

Lens Transparency ◽

Culture Model ◽

Compatible Osmolyte

Volume homeostasis is essential for the preservation of lens transparency and this is of particular significance to anadromous fish species where migration from freshwater to seawater presents severe osmotic challenges. In Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.), aqueous humor (AH) osmolality is greater in fish acclimated to seawater compared with young freshwater fish, and levels of lens N-acetylhistidine (NAH) are much higher in seawater fish. Here we investigate NAH as an osmolyte in the lenses of salmon receiving diets either with or without histidine supplementation. In the histidine-supplemented diet (HD) histidine content was 14.2 g/kg, and in the control diet (CD) histidine content was 8.9 g/kg. A transient increase in AH osmolality of 20 mmol/kg was observed in fish transferred from freshwater to seawater. In a lens culture model, temporary decreases in volume and transparency were observed when lenses were exposed to hyperosmotic conditions. A positive linear relationship between extracellular osmolality and lens NAH content was also observed, whereas there was no change in lens histidine content. Hypoosmotic exposure stimulated [14C]-histidine efflux by 9.2- and 2.6-fold in CD and HD lenses, respectively. NAH efflux, measured by HPLC, was stimulated by hypoosmotic exposure to a much greater extent in HD lenses. In vivo, lens NAH increased in response to elevated AH osmolality in HD but not CD fish. In conclusion, NAH has an important and novel role as a compatible osmolyte in salmon lens. Furthermore, it is the major osmolyte that balances increases in AH osmolality when fish move from freshwater to seawater. A deficiency in NAH would lead to a dysfunction of the normal osmoregulatory processes in the lens, and we propose that this would contribute to cataract formation in fish deficient in histidine.

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Replication banding patterns in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Genome ◽

10.1139/g93-060 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 440-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A. M. Pendás ◽

P. Morán ◽

E. García-Vázquez

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Banding Pattern ◽

Staining Method ◽

Chromosome Size ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Replication Banding ◽

C Banding ◽

Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Replication banding patterns have been obtained from in vivo treatment of Salmo salar using a modification of the 5-BrdU technique and in kidney cultures using the FPG staining method. Most of the chromosome pairs were identified in the karyotype based on the banding pattern, chromosome size, and centromere position. C-banding and replication banding patterns were compared.Key words: karyotype, replication banding, Salmo salar.

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