Kisspeptin-Immunoreactivity Changes in a Sex- and Hypothalamic-Region-Specific Manner Across Rat Postnatal Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1154-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Desroziers ◽  
J. D. Mikkelsen ◽  
A. Duittoz ◽  
I. Franceschini
2020 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Сергей Михайлович Зиматкин ◽  
Анастасия Викторовна Заерко ◽  
Екатерина Михайловна Федина

Введение. Существуют ряд физиологических, экспериментальных и патологических условий, которые могут индуцировать изменения в размере, морфологии, местоположении и количестве ядрышек в соответствии с функциональной и метаболической активностью. Одним из таких условий является постнатальное развитие клеток, в том числе и нейронов. Цель - изучение особенностей структурно-функционального становления ядрышек гистаминергических нейронов мозга крысы в постнатальном онтогенезе. Материал и методы. Работа выполнена на беспородных белых крысах (12 особей) в возрасте 5, 20 и 45 сут постнатального онтогенеза. Изучали число и размеры ядрышек в ядрах гистаминергических нейронов в ядре E2 задней гипоталамической области мозга крыс с применением электронно-микроскопических и морфометрических методик, а также - непараметрической статистики. Результаты. У крыс от 5 до 45 сут постнатального развития уменьшается число и увеличиваются размеры ядрышек в ядре гистаминергических нейронов задней области гипоталамуса, а также происходит перемещение ядрышек от кариолеммы к центру ядра. По мере взросления животных в гистаминергических нейронах происходит постепенное преобразование относительно компактных ядрышек в ретикулярные, при этом увеличивается количество фибриллярного и гранулярного компонентов, а также возрастает число и уменьшаются размеры фибриллярных центров. Кроме того, наблюдается уменьшение облака мигрирующих субъединиц рибосом между ядрышком и кариолеммой, а также количества ассоциированного с ядрышком гетерохроматина. Выводы. В ядре E2 гипоталамуса крыс в возрасте от 5 до 45 сут постнатального онтогенеза значительно изменяются число, размеры, строение и топография ядрышек в ядрах гистаминергических нейронов. Introduction. There are a number of physiological, experimental, and pathological conditions that can induce changes in the size, morphology, location, and number of nucleoli in accordance with functional and metabolic activity. One of these conditions is the postnatal maturation of cells, including neurons. Objective - to assess the characteristics of structural and functional formation of histaminergic neurons nucleoli in rat brain during postnatal ontogeny. Material and methods. The work was performed on the offspring of outbred white rats (12 rats) on the 5th, 20th and 45th days of postnatal ontogenesis. Electron microscopic, morphometric and statistical methods were used to study the number and quantity of nucleoli in the nuclei of histaminergic neurons located in the E2 nucleus of posterior hypothalamic region of rat brain. Results. From the 5th to the 45th day of the rat postnatal development, there was a decrease in the number and increase in the size of the nucleoli in the nuclei of histaminergic neurons located in the posterior hypothalamic region, as well as their movement from the karyolemma to the center of the nucleus. As animals growed up, relatively compact nucleoli in the brain histaminergic neurons gradually transformed into reticular nucleoli, while the quantity of fibrillar and granular components increased, at the same time the quantity of fibrillar centers increased and the size of fibrillar centers decreased. In addition, we detected a decrease in the cloud of migrating ribosome subunits between the nucleolus and karyolemma and in the amount of heterochromatin associated with the nucleolus. Conclusions. From the 5th to the 45th day of the postnatal development, the number, size, structure and topography of the nucleoli of the rat brain histaminergic neurons located in the E2 hypothalamic nucleus in postnatal ontogenesis changed significantly.


2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 4956-4968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Hertlein ◽  
Jingxin Wang ◽  
Katherine J. Ladner ◽  
Nadine Bakkar ◽  
Denis C. Guttridge

ABSTRACT IκB inhibitor proteins are the primary regulators of NF-κB. In contrast to the defined regulatory interplay between NF-κB and IκBα, much less is known regarding the regulation of IκBβ by NF-κB. Here, we describe in detail the regulation of IκBβ by RelA/p65. Using p65 −/− fibroblasts, we show that IκBβ is profoundly reduced in these cells, but not in other NF-κB subunit knockouts. This regulation prevails during embryonic and postnatal development in a tissue-specific manner. Significantly, in both p65 −/− cells and tissues, IκBα is also reduced, but not nearly to the same extent as IκBβ, thus highlighting the degree to which IκBβ is dependent on p65. This dependence is based on the ability of p65 to stabilize IκBβ protein from the 26S proteasome, a process mediated in large part through the p65 carboxyl terminus. Furthermore, IκBβ was found to exist in both a basally phosphorylated and a hyperphosphorylated form. While the hyperphosphorylated form is less abundant, it is also more stable and less dependent on p65 and its carboxyl domain. Finally, we show that in p65 −/− fibroblasts, expression of a proteolysis-resistant form of IκBβ, but not IκBα, causes a severe growth defect associated with apoptosis. Based on these findings, we propose that tight control of IκBβ protein by p65 is necessary for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis.


2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. S18-S18
Author(s):  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Enyi Wen ◽  
Min Gong ◽  
Yang Bi ◽  
Xiaojuan Zhang ◽  
...  

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartanusz ◽  
Porchet

The treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression is complex. The three treatment modalities that are currently applied (in a histologically non-specific manner) are surgery, radiotherapy and the administration of steroids. The development of new spinal instrumentations and surgical approaches considerably changed the extent of therapeutic options in this field. These new surgical techniques have made it possible to resect these tumours totally, with subsequent vertebral reconstruction and spinal stabilization. In this respect, it is important to clearly identify those patients who can benefit from such an extensive surgery. We present our management algorithm to help select patients for surgery and at the same time identifying those for whom primary non-surgical therapy would be indicated. The retrospective review of surgically treated patients in our department in the last four years reveals a meagre application of conventional guidelines for the selection of the appropriate operative approach in the surgical management of these patients. The reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document