scholarly journals X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies - I. High-mass X-ray binaries

2011 ◽  
Vol 419 (3) ◽  
pp. 2095-2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mineo ◽  
M. Gilfanov ◽  
R. Sunyaev
Keyword(s):  
High Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
X Ray Binaries

scholarly journals High-mass X-ray binaries in nearby metal-poor galaxies: on the contribution to nebular He ii emission

2020 ◽  
Vol 494 (1) ◽  
pp. 941-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Senchyna ◽  
Daniel P Stark ◽  
Jordan Mirocha ◽  
Amy E Reines ◽  
Stéphane Charlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Rate ◽  
Stellar Atmospheres ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
High Ionization ◽  
Binary Evolution ◽  
Joint Contribution ◽  
X Ray Binaries

ABSTRACT Despite significant progress both observationally and theoretically, the origin of high-ionization nebular He ii emission in galaxies dominated by stellar photoionization remains unclear. Accretion-powered radiation from high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) is still one of the leading proposed explanations for the missing He+-ionizing photons, but this scenario has yet to be conclusively tested. In this paper, we present nebular line predictions from a grid of photoionization models with input spectral energy distributions containing the joint contribution of both stellar atmospheres and a multicolour disc model for HMXBs. This grid demonstrates that HMXBs are inefficient producers of the photons necessary to power He ii, and can only boost this line substantially in galaxies with HMXB populations large enough to power X-ray luminosities of 1042 erg s−1 per unit star formation rate (SFR). To test this, we assemble a sample of 11 low-redshift star-forming galaxies with high-quality constraints on both X-ray emission from Chandra and He ii emission from deep optical spectra, including new observations with the MMT. These data reveal that the HMXB populations of these nearby systems are insufficient to account for the observed He ii strengths, with typical X-ray luminosities or upper limits thereon of only 1040–1041 erg s−1 per SFR. This indicates that HMXBs are not the dominant source of He+ ionization in these metal-poor star-forming galaxies. We suggest that the solution may instead reside in revisions to stellar wind predictions, softer X-ray sources, or very hot products of binary evolution at low metallicity.

scholarly journals The High Mass X-ray binaries in star-forming galaxies

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S346) ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
M. Celeste Artale ◽  
Nicola Giacobbo ◽  
Michela Mapelli ◽  
Paolo Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Luminosity Function ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Population Synthesis ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Star Formation In Galaxies ◽  
Binary Evolution ◽  
X Ray Binaries ◽  
The Universe

AbstractThe high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) provide an exciting framework to investigate the evolution of massive stars and the processes behind binary evolution. HMXBs have shown to be good tracers of recent star formation in galaxies and might be important feedback sources at early stages of the Universe. Furthermore, HMXBs are likely the progenitors of gravitational wave sources (BH–BH or BH–NS binaries that may merge producing gravitational waves). In this work, we investigate the nature and properties of HMXB population in star-forming galaxies. We combine the results from the population synthesis model MOBSE (Giacobbo & Mapelli 2018a) together with galaxy catalogs from EAGLE simulation (Schaye et al. 2015). Therefore, this method describes the HMXBs within their host galaxies in a self-consistent way. We compute the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of HMXBs in star-forming galaxies, showing that this methodology matches the main features of the observed XLF.

scholarly journals An X-Ray View of Interacting Binaries Outside The Galaxy

2004 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Andrea H. Prestwich
Keyword(s):  
Supernova Remnants ◽  
Luminosity Function ◽  
Local Group ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
High Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Star Forming Regions ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
X Ray Binaries

AbstractChandra and XMM-Newton are revolutionizing our understanding of compact binaries in external galaxies, allowing us to study sources in detail in Local Group Galaxies and study populations in more distant systems. In M31 the X-ray luminosity function depends on the local stellar population in the sense that areas with active star formation have more high luminosity sources, and a higher overall source density (Kong. Di Stefano. Garcia, & Greiner 2003). This result is also true in galaxies outside the Local Group; starburst galaxies have flatter X-ray luminosity functions than do spiral galaxies which are in turn flatter than elliptical galaxies. These observational results suggest that the high end of the luminosity function in star forming regions is dominated by short-lived high mass X-ray binaries.In Chandra Cycle 2 we started a Large Project to survey a sample of 11 nearby (< 10Mpc) face-on spiral galaxies. We find that sources can be approximately classified on the basis of their X-ray color into low mass X-ray binaries, high mass X-ray binaries and supersoft sources. There is an especially interesting class of source that has X-ray colors softer (“redder”) than a typical low mass X-ray binary source, but not so extreme as supersoft sources. Most of these are probably X-ray bright supernova remnants, but some may be a new type of black hole accretor. Finally, when we construct a luminosity function of sources selecting only sources with low mass X-ray binary colors (removing soft sources) we find that there is a dip or break probably associated with the Eddington luminosity for a neutron star.

scholarly journals Different generations of HMXBs: clues about their formation efficiency from Magellanic Clouds studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S346) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Vallia Antoniou ◽  
Andreas Zezas ◽  
Jeremy J. Drake ◽  
Carles Badenes ◽  
Frank Haberl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Mass ◽  
Nearby Star ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ob Stars ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Number Ratio ◽  
Low Metallicity ◽  
Star Binary ◽  
Formation Efficiency ◽  
X Ray Binaries

AbstractNearby star-forming galaxies offer a unique environment to study the populations of young (<100 Myr) accreting binaries. These systems are tracers of past populations of massive stars that heavily affect their immediate environment and parent galaxies. Using a Chandra X-ray Visionary program, we investigate the young neutron-star binary population in the low metallicity of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) by reaching quiescent X-ray luminosity levels (~few times 1032 erg/s). We present the first measurement of the formation efficiency of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) as a function of the age of their parent stellar populations by using 3 indicators: the number ratio of HMXBs to OB stars, to the SFR, and to the stellar mass produced during the specific star-formation burst they are associated with. In all cases, we find that the HMXB formation efficiency increases as a function of time up to ~40–60 Myr, and then gradually decreases.

High-mass X-ray binaries: Evolutionary population synthesis modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S346) ◽  
pp. 455-458
Author(s):  
Zhao-yu Zuo
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Luminosity Function ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Population Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Common Envelope ◽  
X Ray Binaries

AbstractUsing an evolutionary population synthesis code, we modeled the universal, featureless X-ray luminosity function of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in star-forming galaxies. We put constraints on the natal kicks, super-Eddington accretion factor, as well as common envelope prescriptions usually adopted (i.e., the αCE formalism and the γ algorithm), and presented the detailed properties of HMXBs under different models, which may be investigated further by future high-resolution X-ray and optical observations.

Vertical distribution of HMXBs in NGC 55: Constraining their centre of mass velocity

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S346) ◽  
pp. 358-361
Author(s):  
Babis Politakis ◽  
Andreas Zezas ◽  
Jeff J. Andrews ◽  
Stephen J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Mass Velocity ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Compact Object ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
X Ray Binaries ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

AbstractWe analyse the vertical distribution of High Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs) in NGC 55, the nearest edge-on galaxy to the Milky Way. Our analysis reveals significant spatial offsets of HMXBs from the star forming regions, greater than those observed in the SMC and the LMC but similar with the Milky Way. The spatial offsets can be explained by a momentum kick the X-ray binaries receive during the formation of the compact object. The difference between the scale height of the vertical distribution of HMXBs and the vertical distribution of star-forming activity is 0.48±0.04 kpc. The centre-of-mass velocity of the distribution of HMXBs in NGC 55 is moving at a velocity of 52.4±11.4 km s−1, greater than the corresponding velocity of HMXBs in the SMC and LMC, but consistent with velocities of Milky Way HMXBs.

scholarly journals High-mass X-ray binaries in a cosmological context

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S290) ◽  
pp. 183-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Celeste Artale ◽  
Leonardo J. Pellizza ◽  
Patricia B. Tissera ◽  
I. Felix Mirabel
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Formation ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Population Synthesis ◽  
High Redshift Galaxies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Cosmological Context ◽  
X Ray Binaries

AbstractRecent observational and theoretical results suggest that the production rates and luminosities of high-mass X-ray binaries depend on metallicity. To test this prediction, we combine HMXB population synthesis results with numerical simulations of galaxy formation to produce synthetic populations of HMXBs in star-forming galaxies, and compare the model predictions to observations of HMXB populations in nearby and high-redshift galaxies. Our models show a fair agreement with observations only when the HMXB production and luminosities are assumed to depend strongly on metallicity.

scholarly journals GAMA/XXL: X-ray point sources in low-luminosity galaxies in the GAMA G02/XXL-N field

2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (2) ◽  
pp. 3101-3112
Author(s):  
E Nwaokoro ◽  
S Phillipps ◽  
A J Young ◽  
I Baldry ◽  
A Bongiorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positional Information ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
High Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Flux Limit ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Mass Assembly ◽  
X Ray Binaries

ABSTRACT Relatively few X-ray sources are known that have low-mass galaxies as hosts. This is an important restriction on studies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), hence black holes, and of X-ray binaries (XRBs) in low-mass galaxies; addressing it requires very large samples of both galaxies and X-ray sources. Here, we have matched the X-ray point sources found in the XXL-N field of the XXL survey (with an X-ray flux limit of ∼6 × 10−15 erg s−1 cm−2 in the [0.5–2] keV band) to galaxies with redshifts from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) G02 survey field (down to a magnitude limit r = 19.8) in order to search for AGNs and XRBs in GAMA galaxies, particularly those of low optical luminosity or stellar mass (fainter than Mr = −19 or $M_* \lesssim 10^{9.5}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$). Out of a total of 1200 low-mass galaxies in the overlap region, we find a total of 28 potential X-ray source hosts, though this includes possible background contaminants. From a combination of photometry (optical and infrared colours), positional information, and optical spectra, we deduce that most of the ≃20 X-ray sources genuinely in low-mass galaxies are high-mass X-ray binaries in star-forming galaxies. None of the matched sources in a low-mass galaxy has a BPT classification as an AGN, and even ignoring this requirement, none passes both criteria of close match between the X-ray source position and optical galaxy centre (separation ≤3 arcsec) and high [O iii] line luminosity (above 1040.3 erg s−1).

scholarly journals X-ray binaries as the origin of nebular He II emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies

2019 ◽  
Vol 622 ◽  
pp. L10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schaerer ◽  
T. Fragos ◽  
Y. I. Izotov
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
High Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Low Metallicity ◽  
X Ray Binaries

The origin of nebular He II emission, which is frequently observed in low-metallicity (O/H) star-forming galaxies, remains largely an unsolved question. Using the observed anticorrelation of the integrated X-ray luminosity per unit of star formation rate (LX/SFR) of an X-ray binary population with metallicity and other empirical data from the well-studied galaxy I Zw 18, we show that the observed He II λ4686 intensity and its trend with metallicity is naturally reproduced if the bulk of He+ ionizing photons are emitted by the X-ray sources. We also show that a combination of X-ray binary population models with normal single and/or binary stellar models reproduces the observed I(4686)/I(Hβ) intensities and its dependency on metallicity and age. We conclude that both empirical data and theoretical models suggest that high-mass X-ray binaries are the main source of nebular He II emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies.

scholarly journals X-rays from Green Pea analogues

2017 ◽  
Vol 470 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brorby ◽  
P. Kaaret
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
High Mass ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
X Ray Binaries

Abstract X-ray observations of two metal-deficient luminous compact galaxies (LCG; SHOC 486 and SDSS J084220.94+115000.2) with properties similar to the so-called Green Pea galaxies were obtained using the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Green Pea galaxies are relatively small, compact (a few kpc across) galaxies that get their green colour from strong [O iii] λ5007 Å emission, an indicator of intense, recent star formation. These two galaxies were predicted to have the highest observed count rates, using the X-ray luminosity–star formation rate (LX–SFR) relation for X-ray binaries, from a statistically complete sample drawn from optical criteria. We determine the X-ray luminosity relative to SFR and metallicity for these two galaxies. Neither exhibits any evidence of active galactic nuclei, and we suspect that the X-ray emission originates from unresolved populations of high-mass X-ray binaries. We discuss the LX–SFR–metallicity plane for star-forming galaxies and show that the two LCGs are consistent with the prediction of this relation. This is the first detection of Green Pea analogues in X-rays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document