Prednisolone and cellulose phosphate treatment in idiopathic infantile hypercalcaemia with nephrocalcinosis

(Poly)phosphates are approved as water-preserving and emulsifying agents that improve the appearance and consistency of many food products. The labelling of added (poly)phosphates is essential for protecting vulnerable population groups and to prevent unfair trade practices resulting in economic fraud. The problems with (poly)phosphates’ utilisation concerns both analytical and legislative issues, such as: (1) their straightforward detection; (2) excessive addition altering freshness perception and misleading consumers; (3) uncontrolled usage increasing foodstuff weight; (4) application in products where they are not permitted; and (5) no indication on the label. Bearing all these issues in mind, the main purpose of this study was the quantification and screening of the (poly)phosphates profile in meat, marine and dairy products (160 samples), of which 43 were without declared (poly)phosphate treatment. Analysis was completed by high-performance ion-exchange chromatography either with conductometric detection or coupled to Q-Exactive Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. Although the (poly)phosphates profiles varied greatly according to species and processing type, the following criteria for detection of illicit treatment were established: high orthophosphate level, quantified short-chain (poly)phosphate anions and the presence of long-chain forms. In conclusion, the instrumental platforms used in this study can be recommended to inspection bodies as reliable methods for the detection of food adulteration with (poly)phosphates.

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Phosphorus Release and Adsorption Properties of Polyurethane–Biochar Crosslinked Material as a Filter Additive in Bioretention Systems

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13020283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 283

Author(s):

Yike Meng ◽

Yuan Wang ◽

Chuanyue Wang

Keyword(s):

Removal Rate ◽

Phosphorus Release ◽

Phosphate Adsorption ◽

Stormwater Treatment ◽

Isothermal Adsorption ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Adsorption Capacities ◽

Saturated Water Content ◽

Phosphate Treatment ◽

Potential Use

Bioretention systems are frequently employed in stormwater treatment to reduce phosphorus pollution and prevent eutrophication. To enhance their efficiency, filter additives are required but the currently used traditional materials cannot meet the primary requirements of excellent hydraulic properties as well as outstanding release and adsorption capacities at the same time. In this research, a polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material was produced by mixing the hardwood biochar (HB) with polyurethane to improve the performance of traditional filter additives. Through basic parameter tests, the saturated water content of polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material (PCB) was doubled and the permeability coefficient of PCB increased by two orders of magnitude. Due to the polyurethane, the leaching speed of phosphorus slowed down in the batching experiments and fewer metal cations leached. Moreover, PCB could adsorb 93–206 mg/kg PO43− at a typical PO43− concentration in stormwater runoff, 1.32–1.58 times more than HB, during isothermal adsorption experiments. In the simulating column experiments, weaker hydropower reduced the PO43− leaching quantities of PCB and had a stable removal rate of 93.84% in phosphate treatment. This study demonstrates the potential use of PCB as a filter additive in a bioretention system to achieve hydraulic goals and improve phosphate adsorption capacities.

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Usage of nanocrystalline cellulose phosphate as novel sustained release system for anti-inflammatory drugs

Journal of Molecular Structure ◽

10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1233 ◽

pp. 130108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neera Raghav ◽

Manishita R. Sharma

Keyword(s):

Sustained Release ◽

Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽

Release System ◽

Cellulose Phosphate ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Application of Biochar Functionalized with Layered Double Hydroxides: Improved Plant Growth Performance after Use as Phosphate Adsorbent

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11146489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (14) ◽

pp. 6489

Author(s):

Jittrera Buates ◽

Tsuyoshi Imai

Keyword(s):

Layered Double Hydroxides ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Nutrient Release ◽

Application Rate ◽

Phosphate Removal ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Seedling Traits ◽

Phosphate Treatment ◽

Growth Quality ◽

Double Hydroxides

The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of using biochar, functionalized with layered double hydroxides, as a fertilizer after its use in phosphate treatment (P-BC-LDHs). It was conducted with several levels of P-BC-LDHs using seed germination and early growth assays of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The application of P-BC-LDHs resulted in successful seedling emergence, with an excellent germination capacity of over 96% for all treatments. However, compared to the controls, P-BC-LDHs did not provide favorable seedling traits. In contrast, in the latter experiments, lettuce cultivated under mixtures with P-BC-LDHs, particularly at an application rate of 2.5% (w/w), displayed superior growth quality to those under non-treated conditions. The length of lettuce shoots and roots from this optimal dosage were increased by at least 24% compared to untreated samples. A 17% reduction in biomass yield was observed for the samples from non-supplemented substrates. The nutrient release profiles showed that P-BC-LDHs were capable of slowly supplying phosphorus, thereby increasing the long-term nutrient availability for plants. The findings reported here provide important insights into these materials and confirm that P-BC-LDHs can be used for agricultural purposes after phosphate remediation applications. The results of this study provide constructive information to facilitate the implementation of biochar-based LDH composites for sustainable phosphate removal and recovery.

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