scholarly journals Onset timing of cross-sensory activations and multisensory interactions in auditory and visual sensory cortices

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1772-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommi Raij ◽  
Jyrki Ahveninen ◽  
Fa-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Thomas Witzel ◽  
Iiro P. Jääskeläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Onset Timing ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Sensory Cortices

scholarly journals Interplay between Primary Cortical Areas and Crossmodal Plasticity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Xerri ◽  
Yoh’i Zennou-Azogui
Keyword(s):  
Sensory System ◽  
Sensory Substitution ◽  
Multimodal Integration ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Multimodal Interactions ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Crossmodal Plasticity ◽  
Perceptual Representations ◽  
Sensory Cortices ◽  
Compensatory Plasticity

Perceptual representations are built through multisensory interactions underpinned by dense anatomical and functional neural networks that interconnect primary and associative cortical areas. There is compelling evidence that primary sensory cortical areas do not work in segregation, but play a role in early processes of multisensory integration. In this chapter, we firstly review previous and recent literature showing how multimodal interactions between primary cortices may contribute to refining perceptual representations. Secondly, we discuss findings providing evidence that, following peripheral damage to a sensory system, multimodal integration may promote sensory substitution in deprived cortical areas and favor compensatory plasticity in the spared sensory cortices.

scholarly journals Resolving multisensory and attentional influences across cortical depth in sensory cortices

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi Gau ◽  
Pierre-Louis Bazin ◽  
Robert Trampel ◽  
Robert Turner ◽  
Uta Noppeney
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Sensory Cortices ◽  
Visual Cortices ◽  
Audiovisual Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Cortices ◽  
The Brain

In our environment, our senses are bombarded with a myriad of signals, only a subset of which is relevant for our goals. Using sub-millimeter-resolution fMRI at 7T, we resolved BOLD-response and activation patterns across cortical depth in early sensory cortices to auditory, visual and audiovisual stimuli under auditory or visual attention. In visual cortices, auditory stimulation induced widespread inhibition irrespective of attention, whereas auditory relative to visual attention suppressed mainly central visual field representations. In auditory cortices, visual stimulation suppressed activations, but amplified responses to concurrent auditory stimuli, in a patchy topography. Critically, multisensory interactions in auditory cortices were stronger in deeper laminae, while attentional influences were greatest at the surface. These distinct depth-dependent profiles suggest that multisensory and attentional mechanisms regulate sensory processing via partly distinct circuitries. Our findings are crucial for understanding how the brain regulates information flow across senses to interact with our complex multisensory world.

scholarly journals Grabbing Your Ear: Rapid Auditory–Somatosensory Multisensory Interactions in Low-level Sensory Cortices Are Not Constrained by Stimulus Alignment

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micah M. Murray ◽  
Sophie Molholm ◽  
Christoph M. Michel ◽  
Dirk J. Heslenfeld ◽  
Walter Ritter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Level ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Sensory Cortices

scholarly journals Resolving multisensory and attentional influences across cortical depth in sensory cortices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi Gau ◽  
Pierre-Louis Bazin ◽  
Robert Trampel ◽  
Robert Turner ◽  
Uta Noppeney
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Sensory Cortices ◽  
Visual Cortices ◽  
Audiovisual Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Cortices ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTIn our environment our senses are bombarded with a myriad of signals, only a subset of which is relevant for our goals. Using sub-millimeter-resolution fMRI at 7T we resolved BOLD-response and activation patterns across cortical depth in early sensory cortices to auditory, visual and audiovisual stimuli under auditory or visual attention. In visual cortices, auditory stimulation induced widespread inhibition irrespective of attention, whereas auditory relative to visual attention suppressed mainly central visual field representations. In auditory cortices, visual stimulation suppressed activations, but amplified responses to concurrent auditory stimuli, in a patchy topography. Critically, multisensory interactions in auditory cortices were stronger in deeper laminae, while attentional influences were greatest at the surface. These distinct depth-dependent profiles suggest that multisensory and attentional mechanisms regulate sensory processing via partly distinct circuitries. Our findings are crucial for understanding how the brain regulates information flow across senses to interact with our complex multisensory world.

scholarly journals Pure tones modulate the representation of orientation and direction in the primary visual cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P McClure ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Polack
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Direction Selectivity ◽  
Multimodal Integration ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Sensory Cortices

Multimodal sensory integration facilitates the generation of a unified and coherent perception of the environment. It is now well established that unimodal sensory perceptions, such as vision, are improved in multisensory contexts. While multimodal integration is primarily performed by dedicated multisensory brain regions such as the association cortices or the superior colliculus, recent studies have shown that multisensory interactions also occur in primary sensory cortices. In particular, sounds were shown to modulate the responses of neurons located in layers 2/3 (L2/3) of the mouse primary visual cortex (V1). Yet, the net effect of sound modulation at the V1 population level remained unclear. Here, we performed two-photon calcium imaging in awake mice to compare the representation of the orientation and the direction of drifting gratings by V1 L2/3 neurons in unimodal (visual only) or multi-modal (audiovisual) conditions. We found that sound modulation depended on the tuning properties (orientation and direction selectivity) and response amplitudes of V1 L2/3 neurons. Sounds potentiated the responses of neurons that were highly tuned to the cue orientation and direction but weakly active in the unimodal context, following the principle of inverse effectiveness of multimodal integration. Moreover, sound suppressed the responses of neurons untuned for the orientation and/or the direction of the visual cue. Altogether, sound modulation improved the representation of the orientation and direction of the visual stimulus in V1 L2/3. Namely, visual stimuli presented with auditory stimuli recruited a neuronal population better tuned to the visual stimulus orientation and direction than when presented alone.

TETON FAULT EVOLUTION PART 1: ONSET TIMING AND SLIP HISTORY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Summer J. Brown ◽  
◽  
J. Ryan Thigpen ◽  
Rachel M. Hoar
Keyword(s):  
Onset Timing ◽  
Slip History ◽  
Fault Evolution

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno and
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Multisensory Processing ◽  
Multisensory Perception ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
New Perspective

Multisensory interactions in perception are pervasive and fundamental, as we have documented throughout this book. In this final chapter, we propose that contemporary work on multisensory processing is a paradigm shift in perception science, calling for a radical reconsideration of empirical and theoretical questions within an entirely new perspective. In making our case, we emphasize that multisensory perception is the norm, not the exception, and we remark that multisensory interactions can occur early in sensory processing. We reiterate the key notions that multisensory interactions come in different kinds and that principles of multisensory processing must be considered when tackling multisensory daily-life problems. We discuss the role of unisensory processing in a multisensory world, and we conclude by suggesting future directions for the multisensory field.

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