Teacher-Child Relationship Quality and Children's Peer Victimization and Aggressive Behavior in Late Childhood

The current research examined whether men’s hostile sexism was a risk factor for family-based aggression during a nationwide COVID-19 lockdown in which families were confined to the home for 5 weeks. Parents who had reported on their sexist attitudes and aggressive behavior toward intimate partners and children prior to the COVID-19 pandemic completed assessments of aggressive behavior toward their partners and children during the lockdown (N = 362 parents of which 310 were drawn from the same family). Accounting for pre-lockdown levels of aggression, men who more strongly endorsed hostile sexism reported greater aggressive behavior toward their intimate partners and their children during the lockdown. The contextual factors that help explain these longitudinal associations differed across targets of family-based aggression. Men’s hostile sexism predicted greater aggression toward intimate partners when men experienced low power during couples’ interactions, whereas men’s hostile sexism predicted greater aggressive parenting when men reported lower partner-child relationship quality. Novel effects also emerged for benevolent sexism. Men’s higher benevolent sexism predicted lower aggressive parenting, and women’s higher benevolent sexism predicted greater aggressive behavior toward partners, irrespective of power and relationship quality. The current study provides the first longitudinal demonstration that men’s hostile sexism predicts residual changes in aggression toward both intimate partners and children. Such aggressive behavior will intensify the health, well-being, and developmental costs of the pandemic, highlighting the importance of targeting power-related gender role beliefs when screening for aggression risk and delivering therapeutic and education interventions as families face the unprecedented challenges of COVID-19.

Download Full-text

Supplemental Material for Dyadic Development in the Family: Stability in Mother–Child Relationship Quality From Infancy to Adolescence

Journal of Family Psychology ◽

10.1037/fam0000794.supp ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Relationship Quality ◽

Family Stability ◽

Child Relationship ◽

The Family ◽

Mother Child Relationship

Download Full-text

Parental incarceration affects children’s emotional and behavioral outcomes: A longitudinal cohort study of children aged 9 to 13 years

International Journal of Behavioral Development ◽

10.1177/0165025421995918 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 016502542199591

Author(s):

Daragh Bradshaw ◽

Ann-Marie Creaven ◽

Orla T. Muldoon

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Relationship Quality ◽

Child Outcomes ◽

Behavioral Outcomes ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Parental Incarceration ◽

Child Relationship ◽

Children And Parents ◽

The Impact

Parental incarceration (PI) is negatively associated with emotional, educational, and psychological child outcomes. However, few studies explore potential mechanisms through which these outcomes are transmitted or the means by which prosocial outcomes might develop. This study used data from two waves of a population cohort study of children aged 9 years and followed up aged 13 years living in Ireland. Children and parents ( N = 8,568) completed measures of PI, primary caregiver (PCG) depression, PCG-child relationship quality, and child behavioral adjustment. We then conducted a secondary analysis on this national longitudinal study of children in Ireland. Using sequential mediation models, we observed a mediated indirect effect of PI on prosocial outcomes via PCG depression and PCG-child relationship quality. PI at age 9 was associated with increased difficulties and reduced prosocial behavior at age 13. Additionally, PI at age 9 affected PCG depression and the PCG-child relationship quality. Additionally, child prosocial outcomes, and emotional and behavioral difficulties were less apparent where PI had a weaker effect on PCG depression and the quality of PCG-child relationship. Supports that can mitigate the impact of PI for vulnerable caregivers and children are discussed.

Download Full-text

Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Parenting and Children’s Externalizing Behaviors: Transactional Processes Over Time

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/1077801220985125 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107780122098512

Author(s):

Gerard Chung ◽

Todd M. Jensen ◽

Anna Parisi ◽

Rebecca J. Macy ◽

Paul Lanier

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Relationship Quality ◽

Low Income ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Externalizing Behaviors ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Child Relationship ◽

Assessment And Treatment ◽

Low Income Mothers ◽

Transactional Associations

This study used longitudinal data to examine the transactional associations between mothers’ spanking and mother–child relationship quality with children’s externalizing behaviors in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV). Data came from a sample of 1,152 low-income mothers with children age 10–14 years. Results showed that past-year IPV triggered transactional associations by increasing children’s externalizing behaviors which, in turn, increased spanking and subsequently more externalizing behaviors. Transactional associations were also found for relationship quality. All outcomes used were mothers-reported except relationship quality. Implications for practice include the importance of the mother–child dyad and their reciprocal processes in assessment and treatment.

Download Full-text

Do children's adjustment problems contribute to teacher–child relationship quality? Support for a child-driven model

Early Childhood Research Quarterly ◽

10.1016/j.ecresq.2015.08.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 13-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Teresa M. Mejia ◽

Wendy L.G. Hoglund

Keyword(s):

Relationship Quality ◽

Adjustment Problems ◽

Children's Adjustment ◽

Children’S Adjustment ◽

Child Relationship

Download Full-text

Exploring the effects of physical punishment on aggressive behavior and peer victimization: a conditional process analysis

Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research ◽

10.1108/jacpr-09-2015-0187 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 21-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrik Söderberg ◽

Kaj Bjorkqvist ◽

Karin Österman

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Peer Victimization ◽

Online Survey ◽

Process Analysis ◽

Physical Punishment ◽

Process Models ◽

Content Type ◽

Conditional Process Analysis

Purpose – Recent studies indicate that exposure to physical punishment is associated with both aggressive behavior and peer victimization at school. The purpose of this paper is to explore the bidirectional relationship between aggressive behavior and peer victimization as outcomes of physical punishment, as well as the role of depressive symptoms. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 2,424 Finnish upper primary school pupils (1,282 girls, 1,148 boys, mean age=14.2, SD=1.0) completed an online survey during class. Two conditional process models were applied using a macro for SPSS developed by Hayes (2012). Findings – Exposure to physical punishment was found to be associated with both aggressive behavior and peer victimization at school. The effect on victimization was partially mediated by aggressive behavior and depressive symptoms, whereas the effect on aggressive behavior was partially mediated by peer victimization experiences but not by depressive symptoms. The relationship between physical punishment and peer victimization was somewhat stronger for girls than for boys, but this effect was not accounted for by gender differences in depressive symptoms or aggressive behavior. Originality/value – Few studies to date have addressed the connection between aggressive behavior and peer victimization as outcomes of physical punishment. In addition, the study expands on the concept of “victim personality” by examining the mediating role of depressive symptoms. Methodologically, the study is an example of how the statistical software SPSS can be used for multiple mediation and conditional process analysis as an alternative to SEM analyses.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal Increases in Parent–Child Relationship Quality and Sensation Seeking Interact to Increase Risk-Taking During the College Transition

Emerging Adulthood ◽

10.1177/2167696817705954 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 66-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João F. Guassi Moreira ◽

Eva H. Telzer

Keyword(s):

Relationship Quality ◽

College Transition ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Sensation Seeking ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Parent Child Relationship ◽

First Semester ◽

Child Relationship ◽

Risk Taking Behaviors ◽

Parent Child

We tested two competing predictions of whether changes in parent–child relationship quality buffer or exacerbate the association between sensation-seeking and risk-taking behaviors as individuals gain more independence during the high school–college transition. In the current longitudinal study, 287 participants completed self-report measures of sensation seeking, risk-taking, and parent–child relationship quality with their parents prior to starting college and again during their first semester. Overall, students displayed increases in risky behaviors, which were predicted by sensation seeking. Changes in relationship quality moderated the association between sensation seeking and risk-taking, such that sensation seeking predicted higher risk-taking behaviors during the first semester of college, but only for those who reported increases in relationship quality across the college transition. These results suggest that increased relationship quality may have an inadvertent spillover effect by interacting with sensation seeking to increase risky behaviors.

Download Full-text