An epidemic of parvovirus B19 in a population of 3596 pregnant women: a study of sociodemographic and medical risk factors

2000 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Panum Jensen ◽  
Poul Thorsen ◽  
Bernard Jeune ◽  
Birger R. Moller ◽  
Bent F. Vestergaard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors

scholarly journals 2358

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Bower ◽  
Deborah Gross ◽  
Margaret Ensminger ◽  
Jana Goins ◽  
Phyllis Sharps
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Baltimore City ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors ◽  
Community Based Programs ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The purpose of this study is to understand factors that are associated with identifying which eligible pregnant women in Baltimore City accept a referral for HV services. Taking into account demographic and obstetrical variables, we will examine the extent to which 13 medical and 14 psychosocial risk factors differentiate pregnant women who (1) accepted a HV referral, (2) could not be located, or (3) refused a HV referral. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In this observational study, we will use secondary data on 8172 pregnant women collected by Health Care Access Maryland (HCAM) between 2014 and 2016. HCAM is the single point of entry for all pregnant women in Baltimore City into HV. HV eligibility includes being a pregnant woman, residing in Baltimore City, being uninsured or receiving Medicaid, and being identified by a prenatal care provider who completed an assessment profile of the woman’s medical and psychosocial risk (prenatal risk assessment). The outcome variable, HV engagement status (ie, accepted referral, could not be located, refused referral), will be based on HCAM discharge codes. Medical risk factors include BMI, hypertension, anemia, asthma, sickle cell, diabetes, vaginal bleeding, genetic risk, sexually transmitted disease, last dental visit >1 year ago, and taking prescription medications. Psychosocial risk factors include current pregnancy unintended; <1 year since last delivery; late entry to prenatal care (>20 wk gestation); mental, physical, or developmental disability; history of abuse or violence within past 6 months; tobacco use; alcohol use; illegal substance use within the past 6 months; resides in home built before 1978; homelessness; lack of social/emotional support; exposure to long-term stress; lack of transportation; and history of depression or mental illness. All risk factor variables are categorical (yes/no). Control variables will include demographics (eg, age, race, ethnicity, marital status, educational level) and OB history (eg, history of preterm labor, history of fetal or infant death). We will conduct descriptive statistics to characterize the sample and look for interrelatedness among the risk factors. Where there is a high level of inter-relatedness we will consider combining or omitting variables to reduce redundancy. We will use multinomial regression to examine which medical and psychological factors are associated with referral category. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that (a) women with more medical risk factors will be more likely to accept a referral for HV services, (b) women with more psychosocial risk factors will be more likely to refuse HV or not be located, and (c) certain risk factors, such as depression/mental illness, history of abuse/violence, illegal substance use, homelessness, and exposure to long-term stress will be the strongest predictors of not accepting HV referral and/or not being located. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The translation of effective randomized control trials (RCTs) to successful implementation in community-based programs can be challenging. Community-based programs serving low-income communities typically lack the same resources available to recruit and retain participants in RCTs. And, exclusion criteria applied in RCTs are often not applied in real world implementation which can open program to participants with more complex social and medical characteristics. Findings from this study will inform the translation of evidence-based HV programs into real world settings through an enhanced understanding of the characteristics of women who are not engaged by HV programs. This will inform development of improved outreach methods that may more effectively engage at-risk women for prenatal HV services.

scholarly journals Analysis of medical risk factors and outcomes in patients undergoing open versus endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ligush ◽  
Jeffrey D. Pearce ◽  
Matthew S. Edwards ◽  
Matthew R. Eskridge ◽  
Gregory S. Cherr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Open Versus ◽  
Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Infant EEG Spectral Coherence Data during Quiet Sleep: Unrestricted Principal Components Analysis — Relation of Factors to Gestational Age, Medical Risk, and Neurobehavioral Status

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Duffy ◽  
Heidelise Als ◽  
Gloria B. McAnulty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Spectral Coherence ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Coherence Factors

EEG spectral coherence data in quiet sleep of 312 infants were evaluated, at 42 weeks post-menstrual age. All were medically healthy and living at home by time of evaluation. The sample consisted of prematurely born infants with a wide spectrum of underlying risk factors, as well as healthy fullterm infants. Initial 3040 coherence variables were reduced by principal components analysis in an unrestricted manner, which avoided the folding of spectral and spatial information into among-subject variance. One hundred fifty factors explained 90% of the total variance; 40 Varimax rotated factors explained 65% of the variance yielding a 50:1 data reduction. Factor loading patterns ranged from multiple spectral bands for a single electrode pair to multiple electrode pairs for a single spectral band and all intermediate possibilities. Simple left-right and anterior-posterior pairings were not observed within the factor loadings. By multiple regression analysis, the 40 factors significantly predicted gestational age at birth. By canonical correlation, significant relationships were demonstrated between the coherence factors and medical risk factors as well as neurobehavioral factors. Using discriminant analysis, the coherence factors successfully discriminated between infants with high and low medical risk status and between those with the best and worst neurobehavioral status. The two factors accounting for the most variance, and chosen across several analyses, indicated increased left central-temporal coherence from 6–24 Hz, and increased frontal-occipital coherence at 10 Hz, for the infants born closest to term with lowest medical risk factors and best neurobehavioral performance.

Fetal macrosomia: obstetrical, psychological and social aspects

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
S.I. Zhuk ◽  
◽  
O.D. Shchurevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Fetal Macrosomia ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Medical Risk Factors ◽  
Forced Migrants

One of the main markers of socially unfavorable pregnancy is anthropometric indicators of newborns. They reflect not only the narrow medical problems of complicated gestation but also social problems in general, the quality and access to the medical care. The objective: to determine the risk factors for fetal macrosomia in pregnancy with high levels of psychosocial stress. Materials and methods. The course of pregnancy and childbirth, demographic and medical risk factors for a fetal macrosomia were analyzed in 140 pregnant women with different levels of psychosocial stress. They were divided into 2 groups: 1 group (main) – 56 women-forced migrants from Luhansk and Donetsk regions, 2 group – 84 women with low and moderate level stress according to the questionnaires and psychological tests (L. Reeder, Spielberg–Khanin scale). Results. Gestational diabetes was the main reason for the birth of heavy children in both groups. Women–forced migrants had late manifestation of impaired tolerance to carbohydrates and a higher frequency of pathological weight gain. Male neonates are at risk for macrosomia. Childbirth in women with macrosomia is accompanied by a high frequency of complications and abnormal births. Conclusions. The frequency of births of macrosomic children in women - forced migrants is higher than in women at low risk of psychosocial stress. Risk factors in this group of pregnants include: the level of stress and behavioral responses to stress, impaired carbohydrate tolerance due to gestational diabetes, abnormal weight gain due to malnutrition and male sex of the fetus. Keywords: macrosomia, pregnancy, childbirth, women–forced migrants psychosocial stress, gestational diabetes, weight gain.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Adherence to Prescribed Treatment of the Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
V. O. Shuper ◽  
◽  
S. V. Shuper ◽  
I. V. Trefanenko ◽  
G. I. Shumko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors

The purpose of the study was to investigate the adherence to secondary prevention medications among patients with coronary heart disease and identify factors associated with it. Materials and methods. We examined 40 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease of more than 50 years old, who were prescribed with optimal medication for 1 year during hospitalization. Patients` adherence was defined according to MMS-8 Morisky values for secondary prevention medications prescribed by doctors. Also, questionnaires about individual reasons of non-compliance and for individual patient`s opinion about importance and usefulness of knowledge according to risk factors of the increase of cardiovascular mortality were designed and proposed to the patients. Simple descriptive statistics were used to elucidate the characteristics of the patient population and results from individual adherence tools. Final score was analyzed and correlation between patients’ data and level of adherence to prescribed treatment were identified. A correlation matrix (using Spearman’s coefficient) was reviewed for any evidence of collinearity. Results and discussion. Our study demonstrated higher level of non-adherence with secondary prevention medications in patients with coronary heart disease (60.0%). This fact can be explained by the socioeconomic reasons, less informative strategies from the medical staff to the patients. Severe regress of adherence was demonstrated after discharge from the hospital due to subjective improvement of the patients` condition with absence of supervision by out-patient specialists. Demographic characteristics of the patients suggested that some non-modified factors can affect compliance with the prescribed treatment. Better adherence was demonstrated by female married patients with higher educational level, with family history about cardiovascular death. Also, too much prescribed medications with difficult regime of usage with non-adequate out-patient supervision may significantly decrease adherence causing development of complications which may lead to re-hospitalizations and cardiovascular death. Our investigation demonstrated also non-complete information of the patients about lifestyle and medical risk factors of the cardiovascular mortality increase. Conclusion. The results of our study can provide useful practical information on the prevalence and severity of non-adherence among patients with coronary heart disease. Analysis of the factors influencing the adherence demonstrated the main reasons from patients and healthcare professionals affecting the level of compliance with the prescribed treatment. The step towards improving adherence can be initiated by the healthcare professional to overcome the patient's concerns about the prescribed medication. It is important to continue personal monitoring of patients by healthcare professionals in the form of regular inspections of intentional and unintentional non-adherence, including factors and reasons that may change and lead to such behavior

scholarly journals Medical risk factors and the development of brain tumors

Cancer ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2541-2547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Schlehofer ◽  
Maria Blettner ◽  
Nikolaus Becker ◽  
Christine Martinsohn ◽  
Jiirgen Wahrendorf
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors
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