Antagonistic activity of Rhizobium spp. against beneficial and plant pathogenic fungi

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 213-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. -L. Chao
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Rhizobium Spp

scholarly journals Antagonism of Some Aquatic Hyphomycetes against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 760-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Sati ◽  
P. Arya
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Colletotrichum Falcatum ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Tilletia Indica

The antagonistic activity of five aquatic hyphomycetes, viz.,Heliscus lugdunensis,Tetrachaetum elegans,Tetracladium breve,T. marchalianum, andT. nainitalense, against seven plant pathogenic fungi was studied using a dual culture technique. Inhibitory activity of tested aquatic hyphomycetes was determined by measuring the radial growth of plant pathogenic fungi on dual culture plates.Tetrachaetum elegansshowed antagonistic activity againstColletotrichum falcatum,Fusarium oxysporum,Pyricularia oryzae,Sclerotium sclerotiorum, andTilletia indicaHeliscus lugdunensisshowed antagonism against only two plant pathogenic fungi,Rhizoctonia solaniandColletotrichum falcatum.Tetracladium breve,T. marchalianum, andT. nainitalenseshowed no response towards tested plant pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Disease control efficacy of 32,33-didehydroroflamycoin produced by Streptomyces rectiviolaceus strain DY46 against gray mold of tomato fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Do Kim ◽  
Min Young Park ◽  
Byeong Jun Jeon ◽  
Beom Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cell Extract ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

Abstract Despite the efficacy of synthetic fungicides in controlling postharvest diseases, public concerns regarding chemical residues in food and an increase in drug-resistant strains of pathogens have led to a need for new agents to control postharvest diseases. The current study was performed to find control agents of microbial origin that are effective on gray mold of tomato fruits. We recently isolated Streptomyces rectiviolaceus DY46, which has antagonistic activity against various plant pathogenic fungi. The incidence of gray mold of tomato fruits was markedly reduced by 80.0% in tomatoes treated with the cell extract of Streptomyces rectiviolaceus DY46 compared with the control tomatoes. The active ingredient was purified from the cell extract of DY46 and identified to be 32,33-didehydroroflamycoin (DDHR). DDHR displayed MICs (minimal inhibitory concentrations) against the mycelial growth of various plant pathogenic fungi at concentrations of 8–64 mg L−1. The incidence of gray mold in tomato fruits inoculated with conidial suspension (104 conidia mL−1) of Botrytis cinerea was markedly reduced by 88.9% in tomatoes treated with DDHR (100 mg L−1) compared with the control. The DDHR residue in tomato fruit was significantly diminished 2 d after treatment. These results show that DDHR would be relatively safe for use as a postharvest fungicide.

scholarly journals Influence of chitinase production on the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma against plant-pathogenic fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1501-1510
Author(s):  
Y.S. Mazrou ◽  
◽  
A.H. Makhlouf ◽  
M.M. Hassan ◽  
A. Baazeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Its Region ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Strain ◽  
Chitinase Production

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma strains with high chitinase production against some plant pathogenic fungi. Methodology: A total of twenty-four Trichoderma isolates were extracted from soil samples collected at different geographical locations in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. These isolates were screened for their chitinase production ability using colloidal chitin media. Six isolates with high chitinase ability were identified as T. harzianum by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing. These strains were tested for their ability to degrade chitin into N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase. Finally, the biocontrol activities of these Trichoderma strains against pathogenic fungi were tested by dual culture technique. Results: The maximum activity among the chitinolytic enzymes was 0.051 units ml-1 in Trichoderma strain ABSA19, which showed an activity comparable to the control: pure enzyme, (0.047 units ml-1). The lowest activity (0.014 units ml-1) was found in Trichoderma strain MEG2. In dual culture, Trichoderma strain ABSA19 exerted the highest antagonistic activity in addition to hyphal intertwining and degradation using scanning electron microscopy. Finally, 11 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers were used to evaluate the genetic polymorphism among Trichoderma strains, which yielded 133 bands with fragment sizes of 130-3400 bp, 47 (35.3%) of which were polymorphic. Interpretation: The current study confirms the existence of several useful Trichoderma strains with the highest chitinase activity and antagonistic activity against some pathogenic plant fungi that may have a super potential for application in biological control of plant diseases.

scholarly journals Isolation of a New Mexican Strain ofBacillus subtiliswith Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. L. Basurto-Cadena ◽  
M. Vázquez-Arista ◽  
J. García-Jiménez ◽  
R. Salcedo-Hernández ◽  
D. K. Bideshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Although several strains ofB. subtiliswith antifungal activity have been isolated worldwide, to date there are no published reports regarding the isolation of a nativeB. subtilisstrain from strawberry plants in Mexico. A native bacterium (Bacillus subtilis21) demonstratedin vitroantagonistic activity against different plant pathogenic fungi. Under greenhouse conditions, it was shown that plants infected withRhizoctonia solaniandFusarium verticillioidesand treated withB. subtilis21 produced augment in the number of leaves per plant and an increment in the length of healthy leaves in comparison with untreated plants. In addition,B. subtilis21 showed activity against pathogenic bacteria. Secreted proteins byB. subtilis21 were studied, detecting the presence of proteases and bacteriocin-like inhibitor substances that could be implicated in its antagonistic activity. Chitinases and zwittermicin production could not be detected. Then,B. subtilis21 could potentially be used to control phytopathogenic fungi that infect strawberry plants.

scholarly journals In vitro effects of copper nanoparticles on plant pathogens, beneficial microbes and crop plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanta Banik ◽  
Alejandro Pérez-de-Luque
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Beneficial Microbes ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Copper-based chemicals are effectively used as antimicrobials in agriculture. However, with respect to its nanoparticulate form there has been limited number of studies. In this investigation, in vitro tests on effect of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) against plant pathogenic fungi, oomycete, bacteria, beneficial microbes Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizobium spp., and wheat seeds were conducted. Integration of CuNPs with non-nano copper like copper oxychloride (CoC) at 50 mg/L concentration each recorded 76% growth inhibition of the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi in vitro compared to the control. CuNPs also showed synergistic inhibitory effect with CoC on mycelial growth and sporulation of A. alternata. Pseudomonas syringae was inhibited at 200 mg/L of CuNPs. CuNPs were not significantly biocidal against Rhizobium spp. and Trichoderma harzianum compared to CoC. Evaluation of the effect of CuNP on wheat revealed that rate of germination of wheat seeds was higher in presence of CuNPs and CoC compared to control. Germination vigor index, root length, shoot dry weight and seed metabolic efficiency of wheat were negatively affected. At low concentration, CuNPs promoted the growth of the plant pathogenic fungi Botrytis fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris, F.oxysporum f.sp. melonis, Alternaria alternate and P. syringae, and sporulation of T. harzianum. Synergistic effect of CuNPs and CoC in inhibiting P. cinnamomi offers a possibility of developing new fungicide formulation for better control of the oomycetes. Non-biocidal effect of CuNPs against beneficial microbes indicates its potential use in the agri-ecosystem.

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