scholarly journals SHORT AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF RESERPINE ON THE CONCENTRATION OF 1-(4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXYPHENYL)-ETHANE-1,2-DIOL (MOPEG-S04) IN THE BRAIN OF THE RAT

1979 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. BAREGGI ◽  
E. GENOVESE ◽  
K. MARKEY
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Postearthquake Distress on Brain Microstructural Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Sekiguchi ◽  
Yuka Kotozaki ◽  
Motoaki Sugiura ◽  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
Hikaru Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stressful Events ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Brain

Stressful events can have both short- and long-term effects on the brain. Our recent investigation identified short-term white matter integrity (WMI) changes in 30 subjects soon after the Japanese earthquake. Our findings suggested that lower WMI in the right anterior cingulum (Cg) was a pre-existing vulnerability factor and increased WMI in the left anterior Cg and uncinate fasciculus (Uf) after the earthquake was an acquired sign of postearthquake distress. However, the long-term effects on WMI remained unclear. Here, we examined the 1-year WMI changes in 25 subjects to clarify long-term effects on the WMI. We found differential FAs in the right anterior Cg, bilateral Uf, left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and left thalamus, suggesting that synaptic enhancement and shrinkage were long-term effects. Additionally, the correlation between psychological measures related to postearthquake distress and the degree of WMI alternation in the right anterior Cg and the left Uf led us to speculate that temporal WMI changes in some subjects with emotional distress occurred soon after the disaster. We hypothesized that dynamic WMI changes predict a better prognosis, whereas persistently lower WMI is a marker of cognitive dysfunction, implying the development of anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Short- and Long-Term Effects of a Novel on Connectivity in the Brain

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 590-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Berns ◽  
Kristina Blaine ◽  
Michael J. Prietula ◽  
Brandon E. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Hyperinflammatory Immune Response and COVID-19: A Double Edged Sword

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yin Tan ◽  
Thamil Vaani Komarasamy ◽  
Vinod RMT Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Multi Organ Failure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Brain

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused devastating health, economic and social impact worldwide. Its clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to respiratory failure and multi-organ failure or death. The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is attributed to a complex interplay between virus and host immune response. It involves activation of multiple inflammatory pathways leading to hyperinflammation and cytokine storm, resulting in tissue damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure. Accumulating evidence has raised concern over the long-term health effects of COVID-19. Importantly, the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 may have devastating consequences in the brain. This review provides a conceptual framework on how the virus tricks the host immune system to induce infection and cause severe disease. We also explore the key differences between mild and severe COVID-19 and its short- and long-term effects, particularly on the human brain.

Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation Reduced Tire Pressure Initiative

1997 ◽  
Vol 1589 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Davies ◽  
Tami F. Wall ◽  
Allan Carpentier
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Short And Long Term

After examination of the research carried out by other agencies, Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation (SHT) embarked on an initiative to adapt low tire pressure technologies to the province's needs and environment. The focus of the initiative was to explore several technical questions from SHT's perspective: (a) Can low tire pressures be used to increase truck weights from secondary to primary without increasing road maintenance costs on thin membrane surface roads? (b) What are the short- and long-term effects of tire heating under high-speed/high-deflection constant reduced pressure (CRP) operations in a Saskatchewan environment? (c) What effects do lower tire pressures have on vehicle stability at highway speeds? To date, significant opportunities have been noted on local hauls (less than 30 min loaded at highway speeds) for CRP operation and long primary highway hauls that begin or end in relatively short secondary highway sections that limit vehicle weight allowed for the whole trip for central tire inflation technology. The background and environment for the initiative and the investigations and demonstrations envisioned and undertaken are briefly outlined.

The Neurobiology of Pain

2019 ◽  
pp. 387-414
Author(s):  
Maria Fitzgerald ◽  
Michael W. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
Developmental Age ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Age And Sex

The influence of development and sex on pain perception has long been recognized but only recently has it become clear that this is due to specific differences in underlying pain neurobiology. This chapter summarizes the evidence for mechanistic differences in male and female pain biology and for functional changes in pain pathways through infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. It describes how both developmental age and sex determine peripheral nociception, spinal and brainstem processing, brain networks, and neuroimmune pathways in pain. Finally, the chapter discusses emerging evidence for interactions between sex and development and the importance of sex in the short- and long-term effects of early life pain.

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