Identification and characterization of variable-number tandem-repeat markers for the molecular epidemiological analysis ofMycoplasma mycoidessubspeciesmycoidesSC

Mycobacterioses can produce nonspecific clinical signs in dogs and cats that make diagnosis difficult. Furthermore, the full characterization of mycobacterial agents is not always possible or practical. We characterized mycobacteria detected through cytology in 12 dogs and 7 cats with generalized clinical signs from the province of Buenos Aires in Argentina. In dogs, molecular testing confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) in 8 cases and M. fortuitum in 1 case. All dogs were Miniature Schnauzers, suggesting that this breed may be more susceptible to M. avium than other dog breeds. The cat isolates were 2 M. bovis, 1 M. fortuitum, and 1 MAH. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable-number tandem repeat patterns suggested possible links with cattle, swine, and humans studied previously in Argentina. The results show that pets may act as susceptible hosts with the potential risk of transmitting the infection to humans and other animals.

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Characterization of MRSA isolates from Kazakhstan using a multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection ◽

10.1016/j.jmii.2015.02.385 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. S109

Author(s):

D.B. Babenko ◽

A.V. Lavrinenko ◽

I.S. Azizov

Keyword(s):

Tandem Repeat ◽

Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽

Variable Number ◽

Multiple Locus ◽

Repeat Analysis

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Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis Reveals Genetic Relationships within Bacillus anthracis

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.182.10.2928-2936.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 182 (10) ◽

pp. 2928-2936 ◽

Cited By ~ 454

Author(s):

P. Keim ◽

L. B. Price ◽

A. M. Klevytska ◽

K. L. Smith ◽

J. M. Schupp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Anthracis ◽

Tandem Repeat ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽

Variable Number ◽

Group Method ◽

Multiple Alleles ◽

Multiple Locus ◽

Sequence Characterization

ABSTRACT Bacillus anthracis is one of the most genetically homogeneous pathogens described, making strain discrimination particularly difficult. In this paper, we present a novel molecular typing system based on rapidly evolving variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci. Multiple-locus VNTR analysis (MLVA) uses the combined power of multiple alleles at several marker loci. In our system, fluorescently labeled PCR primers are used to produce PCR amplification products from eight VNTR regions in the B. anthracisgenome. These are detected and their sizes are determined using an ABI377 automated DNA sequencer. Five of these eight loci were discovered by sequence characterization of molecular markers (vrrC 1, vrrC 2,vrrB 1, vrrB 2, and CG3), two were discovered by searching complete plasmid nucleotide sequences (pXO1-aat and pXO2-at), and one was known previously (vrrA). MLVA characterization of 426 B. anthracis isolates identified 89 distinct genotypes. VNTR markers frequently identified multiple alleles (from two to nine), with Nei's diversity values between 0.3 and 0.8. Unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average cluster analysis identified six genetically distinct groups that appear to be derived from clones. Some of these clones show worldwide distribution, while others are restricted to particular geographic regions. Human commerce doubtlessly has contributed to the dispersal of particular clones in ancient and modern times.

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Characterization of Dutch Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis using a Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.10.034 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 136 (3-4) ◽

pp. 277-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Risma Ikawaty ◽

E.C. Brouwer ◽

M.D. Jansen ◽

E. van Duijkeren ◽

D. Mevius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Tandem Repeat ◽

Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽

Bovine Mastitis ◽

Variable Number ◽

Multiple Locus ◽

Repeat Analysis

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Molecular Characterization of BacillusStrains Involved in Outbreaks of Anthrax in France in 1997

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.36.11.3412-3414.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 36 (11) ◽

pp. 3412-3414 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Guy Patra ◽

Josée Vaissaire ◽

Martine Weber-Levy ◽

Claudine Le Doujet ◽

Michèle Mock

Keyword(s):

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Tandem Repeat ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽

Variable Number ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽

Biological Methods

Outbreaks of anthrax zoonose occurred in two regions of France in 1997. Ninety-four animals died, and there were three nonfatal cases in humans. The diagnosis of anthrax was rapidly confirmed by bacteriological and molecular biological methods. The strains ofBacillus anthracis in animal and soil samples were identified by a multiplex PCR assay. They all belonged to the variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) group (VNTR)3. A penicillin-resistant strain was detected. Nonvirulent bacilli related to B. anthracis, of all VNTR types, were also found in the soil.

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