Preadult onset vs. adult onset of major depressive disorder: a replication study

BackgroundPre-adult onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) may predict a more severe phenotype of depression. As data from naturalistic psychiatric specialty care settings are scarce, we examined phenotypic differences between pre-adult and adult onset MDD in a large sample of consecutive out-patients.MethodAltogether, 1552 out-patients, mean age 39.2±11.6 years, were diagnosed with current MDD on the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus diagnostic interview as part of the usual diagnostic procedure. A total of 1105 patients (71.2%) had complete data on all variables of interest. Pre-adult onset of MDD was defined as having experienced the signs and symptoms of a first major depressive episode before the age of 18 years. Patients were stratified according to the age at interview (20–40/40–65 years). Correlates of pre-adult onset were analysed using logistic regression models adjusted for age, age squared and gender.ResultsUnivariate analyses showed that pre-adult onset of MDD had a distinct set of demographic (e.g. less frequently living alone) and clinical correlates (more co-morbid DSM-IV – Text Revision diagnoses, more social phobia, more suicidality). In the multivariate model, we found an independent association only for a history of suicide attempts [odds ratio (OR) 3.15, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.97–5.05] and current suicidal thoughts (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.26–2.60) in patients with pre-adult versus adult onset MDD.ConclusionsPre-adult onset of MDD is associated with more suicidality than adult onset MDD. Age of onset of depression is an easy to ascertain characteristic that may help clinicians in weighing suicide risk.

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Reduced immunity to measles in adults with major depressive disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291718000661 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 243-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bart N. Ford ◽

Robert H. Yolken ◽

Faith B. Dickerson ◽

T. Kent Teague ◽

Michael R. Irwin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Childhood Vaccination ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Usa ◽

Childhood Vaccines

AbstractBackgroundDepression can impair the immunogenicity of vaccine administration in adults. Whereas many vaccinations are administered in childhood, it is not known whether adolescent or adult onset depression is associated with impairments in the maintenance of protection of childhood vaccines. This study tested the hypothesis that individuals with adolescent or adult onset mood disorders would display compromised immunity to measles, a target of childhood vaccination.MethodsIgG antibodies to measles were quantified using a solid phase immunoassay in volunteers with bipolar disorder (BD, n = 64, mean age of onset = 16.6 ± 5.6), currently depressed individuals with major depressive disorder (cMDD, n = 85, mean age of onset = 17.9 ± 7.0), remitted individuals with a history of MDD (rMDD, n = 82, mean age of onset = 19.2 ± 8.6), and non-depressed comparison controls (HC, n = 202), all born after the introduction of the measles vaccine in the USA in 1963.ResultsRelative to HC, both the cMDD group (p = 0.021, adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 0.47, confidence interval (CI) = 0.24–0.90), and the rMDD group (p = 0.038, adjusted OR = 0.50, CI = 0.26–0.97) were less likely to test seropositive for measles. Compared with unmedicated MDD participants, currently medicated MDD participants had a longer lifetime duration of illness and were less likely to test seropositive for measles.ConclusionsIndividuals with adolescent or adult onset MDD are less likely to test seropositive for measles. Because lower IgG titers are associated with increased risk of measles infection, MDD may increase the risk and severity of infection possibly because of impaired maintenance of vaccine-related protection from measles.

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Early childhood risk factors differentiated juvenile onset from adult onset major depressive disorder

Evidence-Based Mental Health ◽

10.1136/ebmh.5.4.125 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 125-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Weller

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Juvenile Onset ◽

Childhood Risk Factors

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A Preliminary Study of the Influence of Age of Onset and Childhood Trauma on Cortical Thickness in Major Depressive Disorder

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/410472 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Natalia Jaworska ◽

Frank P. MacMaster ◽

Ismael Gaxiola ◽

Filomeno Cortese ◽

Bradley Goodyear ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Compensatory Mechanism ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Frontal Pole ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Trauma History ◽

Pediatric Onset

Background. Major depressive disorder (MDD) neural underpinnings may differ based on onset age and childhood trauma. We assessed cortical thickness in patients who differed in age of MDD onset and examined trauma history influence.Methods. Adults with MDD (N=36) and controls (HC;N=18) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty patients had MDD onset<24 years of age (pediatric onset) and 16 had onset>25 years of age (adult onset). The MDD group was also subdivided into those with (N=12) and without (N=19) physical and/or sexual abuse as assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Cortical thickness was analyzed with FreeSurfer software.Results. Thicker frontal pole and a tendency for thinner transverse temporal cortices existed in MDD. The former was driven by the pediatric onset group and abuse history (independently), particularly in the right frontal pole. Inverse correlations existed between CTQ scores and frontal pole cortex thickness. A similar inverse relation existed with left inferior and right superior parietal cortex thickness. The superior temporal cortex tended to be thinner in pediatric versus adult onset groups with childhood abuse.Conclusions. This preliminary work suggests neural differences between pediatric and adult MDD onset. Trauma history also contributes to cytoarchitectural modulation. Thickened frontal pole cortices as a compensatory mechanism in MDD warrant evaluation.

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