In Vitro Evidence for Impaired Cellular Immune Responsiveness in Children with Chronic Renal Failure

1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. MANCA ◽  
F. PERFUMO ◽  
A. KUNKL ◽  
M. COSTANTINI ◽  
R. GUSMANO
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Cellular Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Cellular Immune

Evidence for an Increased Generation of Prostacyclin in the Microvasculature and an Impairment of the Platelet α-Granule Release in Chronic Renal Failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Felix Stockenhuber ◽  
Brigitte Brenner ◽  
Heinz Gössinger ◽  
Christian Korninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Uraemia ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Granule Release

SummaryThe formation of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 and the release of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) at the site of platelet-vessel wall interaction, i.e. in blood emerging from a standardized injury of the micro vasculature made to determine bleeding time, was studied in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure undergoing regular haemodialysis and in normal subjects. In the uraemic patients, levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were 1.3-fold to 6.3-fold higher than the corresponding values in the control subjects indicating an increased PGI2 formation in chronic uraemia. Formation of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at the site of plug formation in vivo and during whole blood clotting in vitro was similar in the uraemic subjects and in the normals excluding a major defect in platelet prostaglandin metabolism in chronic renal failure. Significantly smaller amounts of beta-TG were found in blood obtained from the site of vascular injury as well as after in vitro blood clotting in patients with chronic renal failure indicating an impairment of the a-granule release in chronic uraemia. We therefore conclude that the haemorrhagic diathesis commonly seen in patients with chronic renal failure is - at least partially - due to an acquired defect of the platelet a-granule release and an increased generation of PGI2 in the micro vasculature.

Cellular Immune Responsiveness of Uveitis Patients to Retinal S-Antigen

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Nussenblatt ◽  
Igal Gery ◽  
Elmer J. Ballintine ◽  
Waldon B. Wacker
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Cellular Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Cellular Immune

Downregulation of atrial natriuretic factor clearance receptors in experimental chronic renal failure rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. H902-H908 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Luk ◽  
E. F. Wong ◽  
N. L. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Radioligand Binding ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Clearance Receptor ◽  
Acid Wash ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Studies were performed to examine the changes of renal ANF second messenger guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) responses and receptor properties in chronic renal failure (CRF). Five-sixths-nephrectomized and sham-operated Wistar rats were used. The glomerular filtration rate was decreased in the five-sixths-nephrectomized rats, which also had significantly higher plasma blood urea nitrogen and plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) levels (148.5 +/- 10.2 vs. 115.7 +/- 7.3 pg/ml, P = 0.01) than the sham rats. In vitro ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulations in glomeruli of five-sixths-nephrectomized rats were higher than controls. Radioligand-binding experiments showed downregulation of the total ANF receptor in both acid and nonacid wash CRF glomeruli (nonacid wash: 189 +/- 25 vs. 362.8 +/- 52.8 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05; acid wash: 449.8 +/- 67 vs. 652.7 +/- 52.5 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). No change in receptor densities was observed in the des(Gln18,Ser19,Gly20,Leu21)atrial natriuretic peptide-(4--23)-NH2-resistant receptors between sham and CRF rat glomeruli. Therefore, downregulation of ANF clearance receptors exists in CRF rat glomeruli, and this is associated with the exaggerated ANF-stimulated cGMP response in these CRF glomeruli. Hypersensitivity of CRF rat to ANF, together with high plasma ANF levels and downregulation of clearance receptor, may contribute to increased sodium excretion in CRF.

Correction formula for carbamylated haemoglobin in diabetic uraemic patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M A Hammouda ◽  
G E Mady
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Correction Formula ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The measurement of carbamylated haemoglobin is a useful indicator of uraemic state during the preceding few weeks in patients with renal failure. In diabetic uraemic patients with hyperglycaemia, glycation of haemoglobin may interfere with its carbamylation, as both reactions involve the free amino groups of the protein. The aim of this study was to investigate the carbamylation of haemoglobin in the presence of hyperglycaemia. The study included 29 patients with chronic renal failure on regular haemodialysis, 14 diabetic and 15 non-diabetic patients, and 10 healthy controls. We found a significant correlation between the degree of haemoglobin carbamylation and mean blood urea concentration in both uraemic and control subjects. Carbamylation of haemoglobin was higher in both diabetic and non-diabetic chronic renal failure patients, but there were no significant differences between the groups regarding mean blood urea concentration or level of haemoglobin carbamylation. Carbamylated haemoglobin per unit of blood urea concentration was lower in the diabetic patients. Using a correction formula to account for the degree of haemoglobin glycation, there was no longer a significant difference in carbamylation per unit of blood urea concentration. In vitro incubation of red blood cells from six healthy and six diabetic non-uraemic patients in 70mmol/L urea showed a significantly lower carbamylation in the diabetic patients, but there was no significant difference when using corrected carbamylated haemoglobin values. We conclude that glycation of haemoglobin affects its carbamylation and that monitoring of uraemia in a diabetic patient necessitates the use of carbamylated haemoglobin value corrected for the degree of glycation.

scholarly journals In vitro production of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in chronic renal failure, CAPD and HD

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1419-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J.G. Pereira ◽  
Debra D. Poutsiaka ◽  
Andrew J. King ◽  
James A. Strom ◽  
Geetha Narayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Vitro Production

The role of experimental chronic renal failure and aluminium intoxication in cellular immune response

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tzanno-Martins ◽  
L. S. Azevedo ◽  
N. Orii ◽  
E. Futata ◽  
V. Jorgetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Hematopoietic inhibitors in chronic renal failure: Lack of in vitro specificity

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Delwiche ◽  
Gerald M. Segal ◽  
Joseph W. Eschbach ◽  
John W. Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure

Using phytohaemagglutinin to determine immune responsiveness in saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Finger Jr ◽  
Amanda L. Adams ◽  
Peter C. Thomson ◽  
Cathy M. Shilton ◽  
Greg P. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Crocodylus Porosus ◽  
Cellular Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Antigenic Exposure ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Immune responsiveness, the ability of an organism to effectively respond immunologically following antigenic exposure, is an essential component of life history, as organisms require effective immune functionality in order to grow, survive and reproduce. However, immune status is also associated with concomitant trade-offs in these physiological functions. Herein we demonstrate the validation of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) injection in saltwater crocodiles, Crocodylus porosus, to assess cellular immune responsiveness. Following injection of 2 mg mL–1 PHA into the hind toe webbing, we observed a peak swelling response 12 h after injection, with PHA inducing increased thickness compared with webs injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (F5,518 = 145.13, P < 0.001). Subsequent injections increased responsiveness relative to the primary injection response (F5,290 = 2.92, P = 0.029), suggesting that PHA exposure induced immunological memory, a tenet of acquired immunity. Histological examination revealed that PHA-injected toe webs displayed increased numbers of leukocytes (granulocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes) relative to PBS-injected webs, with peak leukocytic infiltrate observed 12 h after injection. We suggest the use of PHA injection in crocodilians as a measure of cellular immune responsiveness in agricultural (production and animal welfare), ecological, and toxicological contexts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document