THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF POTATO VARIETIES TO INFESTATION BY THE EELWORMS DITYLENCHUS DESTRUCTOR AND D. DIPSACI

1956 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. BASIL GOODEY
Author(s):  
D. Sigareva ◽  
S. Fedorenko ◽  
T. Bondar ◽  
B. Taktayev ◽  
N. Tschigrin

A survey of 11 domestic potato varieties in 2017 and 2018 in the spring after storage showed that the infection of the tubers of Ditylenhus destructor Thorne, 1945 did not exceed 0.5—7% in them. This allowed us to classify the studied varieties as a relatively stable group. The loss of harvest during storage in 2017 was from 1.0 to 6.4%; in 2018 from 0 to 3.3%. The accounts tubers affected by the D. destructor in 7 blighty potato varieties during the harvest period (October 2016) and after storage (March 2017) allowed to determine the level of development of the disease and to classify Chervona Ruta, Yavor, Tiras to relatively stable varieties, Slavyanka and Teterev — to medium — and two varieties Serpanok and Svitanok kievskii — in the receptive.


Author(s):  
O.G. Griboedova ◽  
A.A. Shesteperov ◽  
S.V. Lychagina ◽  
V.N. Zeyruk ◽  
O.V. Abashkin

2021 ◽  
pp. 591-600
Author(s):  
Shesteperov ◽  
Griboyedova ◽  
Butenko

The tuber nematode Ditylenchus destructor is the causative agent of ditylenchiasis, or dry rot of potatoes, and causes significant damage to the crop both during the growing season and during storage. Methods for evaluating potato varieties for resistance to tuberous nematode in laboratory conditions have been developed to reduce the search term for a source or donor of nematode resistance. Methods for obtaining a suspension of a tuber nematode, methods of inoculation of tubers, a method for assessing potato varieties for susceptibility and resistance to the tuberous nematode Ditylenchus destructor are presented. Infection of tubers is carried out by introducing a suspension of nematodes into the wounds inflicted on the potato tubers. 6 methods were tested. The best infection and reproduction of nematodes occurred when nematodes were introduced into the “lattice”, “holes”, “pyramids”. Depending on the value of the average score of the lesion by ditylenchiasis and reproduction by the tuber nematode, the varieties are divided into 5 groups: highly resistant (average score 0), resistant (0.1–1), moderately resistant (1.1–3), susceptible (3.1–4), highly susceptible (4.1–5).


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Shesteperov ◽  
K.A. Perevertin ◽  
R.A. Bagrov ◽  
K.O. Butenko

Представлена информация об ущербе картофелеводству от дитиленхоза в последние годы. Описаны симптомы поражения картофеля клубневой картофельной нематодой, биология возбудителя, его устойчивость к факторам внешней среды. Детально представлены эпифитотиология дитиленхоза картофеля (вертикальный, хронологический, горизонтальный механизмы передачи и сохранения возбудителя), способы его диагностики, меры защиты в фермерских, крестьянских и личных хозяйствах.Information on the damage to potatoes from Ditylenchus destructor in recent years is presented. The symptoms of the potato lesion by Ditylenchus destructor, the biology of the pathogen, its resistance to environmental factors are described. Epiphytotiology (vertical, chronological, horizontal mechanisms for the transfer and preservation of the causative agent), methods of its diagnosis, protective measures at peasant and private farms are given in details.


2020 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Остонакулов ◽  
А.А. Шамсиев

В 2017–2019 годах изучены сортообразцы сладкого картофеля на староорошаемых лугово-сероземных почвах Зарафшанской долины. Цель исследований – комплексная оценка сортообразцов батата в условиях Зарафшанской долины по скороспелости, росту, развитию, интенсивному размножению, формированию урожая, компактности клубней в гнезде, продуктивности, урожайности и лежкости клубней и выделение из них перспективных, а также разработка приемов агротехнологии получения высоких урожаев для данных условий. Почвы опытного участка характеризуются благоприятными агрофизическими и водными свойствами и низким содержанием гумуса, нитратного азота, подвижного фосфора и содержанием обменного калия от низкого до среднего. Сравнивали 18 сортообразцов батата. Выделенные сортообразцы изучали при ширине междурядий 70 и 90 см со схемой 70×25 и 90×20 см по 1, 2 и 3 растения в гнезде. Для получения рассады сортообразцов батата брали по 40 клубней и высаживали 20–22 февраля в пленочной теплице при температуре 15–18 °C, заделывая их на глубину 3–5 см. Влажность почвы поддерживали на уровне 65–70%. Через 7–10 дней после высадки почки начинают прорастать, а через 43–48 дней формируется рассада высотой 12–15 см, готовая для высадки в поле. Высадка рассады, как и других рассадных культур (томата, перца, баклажана) – по схеме 70×20–25 см во второй-третьей декаде апреля. Уход включал в себя междурядную обработку (культивация), прополку, борьбу с сорняками, подкормку, поливы. Уборка урожая – в конце сентября-начале октября с помощью картофелекопателя. В результате исследований выделились сорта по скороспелости, дружности формирования ростков, ускоренному размножению, продуктивности, компактности клубней в гнезде и с высоким товарным урожаем – Сочакинур, Хар-Бей и Япон. Возделывание этих сортообразцов по схеме 70×25 и 90×20 см способствует получению товарного урожая высокого качества не менее 43–48 т/га. In 2017–2019, studies were conducted on the study of varieties of sweet potatoes on old-irrigated meadow-gray-earth soils of the Zarafshan valley. The purpose of the research is a comprehensive assessment of sweet potato varieties in the conditions of the Zarafshan valley in terms of early maturity, growth, development, intensive reproduction, yield formation, compactness of tubers in the nest, productivity, yield and keeping quality of tubers and the selection of promising ones, as well as the development of methods of agricultural technology for obtaining high yields for given conditions. The soil is characterized by favorable agrophysical and water properties and low content of humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and a low-average content of exchange potassium. Eighteen sweet potato varieties were compared. The selected variety samples were studied with a row spacing of 70 and 90 cm with a scheme of 70×25 and 90×20 cm for 1, 2 and 3 seedlings in the nest. To obtain seedlings of sweet potato varieties, 40 tubers were taken and planted on February 20–22 in a film greenhouse at a temperature of 15–18 °C, seeding to a depth of 3–5 cm, the soil moisture was maintained at 65–70%. 7–10 days after planting, the buds began to germinate, and after 43–48 days, seedlings were formed with a height of 12–15 cm, which is ready for planting in the field. Planting seedlings in the field is carried out, as well as other seedlings (tomato, pepper, eggplant) according to the scheme 70x20–25 cm in the second or third decade of April. Growing includes inter-row processing (cultivation), weeding, weed control, top dressing, watering. Harvesting in late September, early October with a potato digger. As a result of the research, varieties were identified in terms of early maturity, sprout formation, accelerated reproduction, productivity, compactness of tubers in the nest and ensuring a high marketable yield – Sochakinur, Xar-Bey, and Japon. The cultivation of these varieties according to the scheme 70×25 and 90×20 cm contributes to the production of a commodity crop at 43–48 t/ha with good qualities.


2020 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
MARINA E. DIYKANOVA ◽  
◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
IRINA N. GASPARYAN ◽  
NATALIA F. DENISKINA ◽  
...  

In the Moscoww region, frosts are quite probable to return until the fi rst decade of June. To protect potatoes from the returning cold weather, it is possible to use a temporary covering material in the “planting – seedling emergence” period. The authors have studied the use of covering materials on early potato varieties of Udacha, Zhukovsky early, Red Scarlet, Snegir’, and Meteor. Studies have been conducted on the test plot of the Vegetable Growing Department of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in 2017-2019. Non-woven white and black material of the same density of 17 g/m2 was used for covering. No covering was used in the check variant. The cultivation technology was standard,it included tillage (plowing, spring tillage, and cutting ridges before planting), as well as plant care (inter-row cultivation and hilling-up). Planting was carried out with a single-row potato planter. The earliest emergence of seedlings was observed under white covering material with a diff erence of 5-6 days in relation to the check variant. In the variant with a black covering material, the diff erence averaged 3-4 days. Due to covering, planting was carried out earlier than expected and the crop was formed by July 15. The interphase period between potato planting and seddling emergence decreased, while that from seddling emergence to harvesting increased, consequently, the yield increased by 11.6…14.7%. The maximum yield was obtained with the Red Scarlet variety using the white covering material, the minimum – in the check variant without covering. The same trend is typical for other varieties. It has been established that covering with any material has a positive eff ect on the duration of the potato growing season and the yield by increasing the period of tuberization. Covering allows getting early potato varieties 2 weeks earlier in the Moscow region.


2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
L. I. Kostina Kostina ◽  
◽  
O. S. Kosareva Kosareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  

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