Distinct contributions of drought avoidance and drought tolerance to yield improvement in dryland wheat cropping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu‐Fang Li ◽  
Bao‐Luo Ma ◽  
Jairo A. Palta ◽  
Tong‐Tong Ding ◽  
Zheng‐Guo Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Drought Avoidance

scholarly journals Genetic Basis of Drought Resistance at Reproductive Stage in Rice: Separation of Drought Tolerance From Drought Avoidance

Genetics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 1213-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yue ◽  
Weiya Xue ◽  
Lizhong Xiong ◽  
Xinqiao Yu ◽  
Lijun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Drought Avoidance

scholarly journals Screening for Drought Tolerance in Thirty Three Taro Cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F.T. GANANÇA ◽  
José G.R. FREITAS ◽  
Humberto G.M. NÓBREGA ◽  
Vanessa RODRIGUES ◽  
Gonçalo ANTUNES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Long Duration

Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] is a root crop which is an important staple food in many regions of the world, producing 10.5 million tonnes on 1.4 million hectares a year. The crop is cultivated in wet (rain fed) or irrigated conditions, requiring on average 2,500 mm water per year, and in many countries it is cultivated in flooded plots. It is estimated that taro production could decrease by 40% as a result of the increase in drought and other severe events. In this work, thirty three accessions, including local cultivars, selected and hybrid lines were submitted to long duration drought stress and screened for tolerance. Twelve physiological, morphological and agronomic traits were measured at harvest, and subject to multivariate analysis. Stress indices, Water Use Efficiency and Factorial Analysis were useful for discriminating accessions regarding drought tolerance and yield stability, and drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars were identified. Our results confirm that different taro cultivars have different drought avoidance and tolerance strategies to cope with water scarcity. Better yield performers minimised biomass and canopy loss, while tolerance was observed in cultivars that presented low potential yield, but efficiently transferred resources to enhance corm formation. Among the 33 accessions, two local cultivars showed high yield stability and could be considered as suitable parents for breeding programs, while two others are well adapted to drought, but with overall low yield potential.

Wheat breeding highlights drought tolerance while ignores the advantages of drought avoidance: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 126196
Author(s):  
Pufang Li ◽  
Baoluo Ma ◽  
Jairo A. Palta ◽  
Tongtong Ding ◽  
Zhengguo Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Drought Avoidance

scholarly journals Enhanced Gene Expression Rather than Natural Polymorphism in Coding Sequence of the OsbZIP23 Determines Drought Tolerance and Yield Improvement in Rice Genotypes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0150763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avishek Dey ◽  
Milan Kumar Samanta ◽  
Srimonta Gayen ◽  
Soumitra K. Sen ◽  
Mrinal K. Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Natural Polymorphism ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Borya nitida Labill.—An Australian Species in the Liliaceae With Desiccation-tolerant Leaves

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Gaff ◽  
DM Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Exposed Rock ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Pioneer Plant ◽  
Water Holding

Borya nitida, a perennial tufted herb, grows in south Western Australia as a pioneer plant codominant with lichens on exposed rock outcrops, and on bare sands with low water-holding capacity and rapid drainage. The mature leaves of the plant are capable of reviving after desiccation; they develop drought tolerances of 0% relative humidity (RH) under field conditions. The rate of drying is critically important for the development of desiccation tolerance. Drought-avoidance mechanisms (possibly related to the xeromorphic features of the plant) slow the rate of dehydration sufficiently for the development of full drought tolerance which requires completion of a time-dependent tolerance-endowing process in the range of water potential around 96% RH (90-98%), as well as avoidance of a slower time-dependent injurious process at water potentials of 75% RH and above. Non-senescent leaves that fulfil both requirements remain viable at water potentials below 50% RH for years. Dry viable leaves are yellow, owing to the loss of chlorophyll during the former process. Induction of drought tolerance at moderate water stress has been reported in other species, but Borya is remarkable for the extreme rapidity of the process and the degree of tolerance developed.

DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF SELECTED SOUTH AFRICAN TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTAL. SCHOTT) LANDRACES

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MABHAUDHI ◽  
A. T. MODI
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
South African ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Stand Growth ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Lower Biomass ◽  
Crop Stand ◽  
Canopy Size

SUMMARYDrought tolerance mechanisms of three taro landraces (Dumbe Lomfula (DL), KwaNgwanase (KW) and Umbumbulu (UM)) were evaluated under field conditions Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, over two summer seasons. Taro was slow to emerge (~ 49 days) and showed significant differences between landraces with respect to final emergence with DL never achieving a good crop stand. Growth (plant height, leaf number and LAI), VGI, SC and CCI were significantly lower under rainfed (RF) than irrigated conditions. RF conditions resulted in significantly lower biomass, HI, and final yield of taro landraces compared to irrigated conditions. The UM landrace avoided drought through increased stomatal regulation, lowering chlorophyll content, smaller canopy size and reduced growth period. It is concluded that among the three landraces, UM is suitable for production under water stress conditions, because it exhibited drought avoidance and escape mechanisms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drought Tolerance and Avoidance Traits for Six Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. McCann ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Use Efficiency

The objectives of this study were: 1) to compare drought responses between the more recently developed creeping bentgrass cultivars to standard cultivars and 2) to determine differential drought tolerance and avoidance characteristics associated with cultivar variation in drought resistance. Six cultivars of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stoloniferia) (‘Penn A-4’, ‘Independence’, ‘Declaration’, ‘L-93’, ‘Penncross’, and ‘Putter’) were maintained in growth chambers at 20 °C day/15 °C night either well-watered or exposed to drought stress by withholding water for 17 days. Cultivars varied in turf performance and physiological responses (leaf relative water content and photochemical efficiency) to drought stress, which was reflected in their differences in drought tolerance (osmotic adjustment) and drought avoidance traits (water use rate and efficiency, root viability, root length, and number). ‘Penn A-4,’ ‘Independence,’ and ‘L-93’ generally performed better than other three cultivars under drought conditions, mainly through maintaining higher water use efficiency, root viability, root elongation, or root production. The majority of physiological parameters evaluated suggested that of the six creeping bentgrass cultivars examined in this study, the three cultivars with better ability to survive drought stress used mainly avoidance traits related to water use and water uptake.

Trade-offs Between Succulent and Non-succulent Epiphytes Underlie Variation in Drought Tolerance and Avoidance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybil Gotsch ◽  
Cameron B Williams ◽  
Renee Bicaba ◽  
Roxanne Cruz-de Hoyos ◽  
Alexander Darby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Epiphyte Communities ◽  
Leaf Succulence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Epiphyte communities comprise important components of many forest ecosystems in terms of biomass and diversity, but little is known regarding trade-offs that underlie diversity and structure in these communities or the impact that microclimate has on epiphyte trait allocation. We measured 22 functional traits in vascular epiphyte communities across six sites that span a microclimatic gradient in a tropical montane cloud forest region in Costa Rica. We quantified traits that relate to carbon and nitrogen allocation, gas exchange, water storage, and drought tolerance. Functional diversity was high in all but the lowest elevation site where drought likely limits the success of certain species with particular trait combinations. For most traits, variation was explained by relationships with other traits (trait co-variance), rather than differences in microclimate across sites. Although there were significant differences in microclimate, epiphyte abundance, and diversity, we found substantial overlap in multivariate trait space across five of the sites. We found significant correlations between functional traits, many of which related to water storage, drought tolerance, and carbon allocation. This suite of trait correlations suggests that the epiphyte community has evolved functional strategies along a drought avoidance versus drought tolerance continuum where leaf succulence emerged as a pivotal overall trait.

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