scholarly journals Genetic Basis of Drought Resistance at Reproductive Stage in Rice: Separation of Drought Tolerance From Drought Avoidance

Genetics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 1213-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yue ◽  
Weiya Xue ◽  
Lizhong Xiong ◽  
Xinqiao Yu ◽  
Lijun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Drought Avoidance

scholarly journals Thirty years of genetic progress combined with seed ethylene priming improved drought resistance of wheat through long-term drought stress memory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongkun Yang ◽  
Wenmei Hu ◽  
Jiarong Zhao ◽  
Xiulan Huang ◽  
Ting Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract Knowledge of short-term physiological adaption of wheat to soil water deficit is well understood, but little is known about seed ethylene priming effect on long-term drought stress memory of dryland winter wheat. The 42 leading and new cultivars released between 1992 to 2017 were subjected to drought (45% Field water-holding capacity), and well-watered (75% Field water-holding capacity) conditions aim to screen cultivars with contrasting drought resistance and grain yield. Seeds primed with ethylene were subjected to both PEG-8000 and pure water to uncover ethylene-induced stress memory at both physiological and organ levels. Results showed that the soil water deficit (45%FC) that occurred at the tillering stage resulted in 3.2% to 67.4% yield loss for 42 cultivars, which was determined mainly by the decrease in the fertile spike. Seed ethylene priming maintained leaf water by reducing root volume and dry weight, which played a crucial role in drought avoidance. Seed ethylene priming decreased malondialdehyde content by regulating auxin and abscisic acid signaling, reactive oxygen species scavenging capability, and osmotic regulation, which plays a crucial role in drought tolerance. Seed ethylene priming improved drought tolerance of the wheat through metabolic modification of carbon metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis . The seed ethylene priming induced long-term stress memory that improved tillering capacity and reduced wheat spikelets abortion, which provided extra 0.3 t ha -1 of grain yield. These results suggested that seed ethylene priming allowed the recall of long-lasting stress defensive memory, increasing grain yield by both drought avoidance and drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Drought Tolerant near Isogenic Lines (NILs) of Pusa 44 Developed through Marker Assisted Introgression of qDTY2.1 and qDTY3.1 Enhances Yield under Reproductive Stage Drought Stress

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
Naleeni Ramawat ◽  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Improvement

Reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS) is detrimental for rice, which affects its productivity as well as grain quality. In the present study, we introgressed two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs), namely, qDTY2.1 and qDTY3.1, governing RSDS tolerance in a popular high yielding non-aromatic rice cultivar, Pusa 44, through marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Pusa 44 is highly sensitive to RSDS, which restricts its cultivation across drought-prone environments. Foreground selection was carried out using markers, RM520 for qDTY3.1 and RM 521 for qDTY2.1. Background selection was achieved with 97 polymorphic SSR markers in tandem with phenotypic selection to achieve faster recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery. Three successive backcrosses followed by three selfings aided RPG recoveries of 98.6% to 99.4% among 31 near isogenic lines (NILs). Fourteen NILs were found to be significantly superior in yield and grain quality under RSDS with higher drought tolerance efficiency (DTE) than Pusa 44. Among these, the evaluation of two promising NILs in the multilocational trial during Kharif 2019 showed that they were significantly superior to Pusa 44 under reproductive stage drought stress, while performing on par with Pusa 44 under normal irrigated conditions. These di-QTL pyramided drought-tolerant NILs are in the final stages of testing the All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project varietal trials for cultivar release. Alternately, the elite drought-tolerant Pusa 44 NILs will serve as an invaluable source of drought tolerance in rice improvement.

scholarly journals The leaf anatomical features of some Rosa species in relation to their drought resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nuzhyna ◽  
O. Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Rosa Species

The leaf anatomy of species of the genus Rosa: R. donetzica, R. kokanica, R. roxburhii, R. rugosa, R. spinosissima was studied. It was found that the plants R. donetzica and R. kokanica have very low drought tolerance by the anatomical structure. The plants of species R. rugosin and R. spinosissima have most xeromorphy features.

scholarly journals Screening for Drought Tolerance in Thirty Three Taro Cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F.T. GANANÇA ◽  
José G.R. FREITAS ◽  
Humberto G.M. NÓBREGA ◽  
Vanessa RODRIGUES ◽  
Gonçalo ANTUNES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Long Duration

Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] is a root crop which is an important staple food in many regions of the world, producing 10.5 million tonnes on 1.4 million hectares a year. The crop is cultivated in wet (rain fed) or irrigated conditions, requiring on average 2,500 mm water per year, and in many countries it is cultivated in flooded plots. It is estimated that taro production could decrease by 40% as a result of the increase in drought and other severe events. In this work, thirty three accessions, including local cultivars, selected and hybrid lines were submitted to long duration drought stress and screened for tolerance. Twelve physiological, morphological and agronomic traits were measured at harvest, and subject to multivariate analysis. Stress indices, Water Use Efficiency and Factorial Analysis were useful for discriminating accessions regarding drought tolerance and yield stability, and drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars were identified. Our results confirm that different taro cultivars have different drought avoidance and tolerance strategies to cope with water scarcity. Better yield performers minimised biomass and canopy loss, while tolerance was observed in cultivars that presented low potential yield, but efficiently transferred resources to enhance corm formation. Among the 33 accessions, two local cultivars showed high yield stability and could be considered as suitable parents for breeding programs, while two others are well adapted to drought, but with overall low yield potential.

Trait identification and QTL validation for reproductive stage drought resistance in rice using selective genotyping of near flowering RILs

Euphytica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Subashri ◽  
S. Robin ◽  
K. K. Vinod ◽  
S. Rajeswari ◽  
K. Mohanasundaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Selective Genotyping ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Qtl Validation

scholarly journals Estimation of the degree of stability of grape varieties in arid conditions of the Astrakhan region

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Елена Полухина ◽  
Elena Polukhina ◽  
М. Власенко ◽  
M. Vlasenko ◽  
Николай Петров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
High Degree

Abstract. Scientific novelty and practical significance. Due to the presence of a strong root system, the grapes are a rather drought-resistant crop, but the lack of soil and air moisture adversely affects the growth and development of the plant, which ultimately significantly reduces the yield. In the soil and climatic conditions of the Astrakhan region, characterized by a high degree of aridity, as well as the presence of light chestnut structureless soils that retain moisture poorly, the study of the drought tolerance of grape varieties is particularly relevant. The purpose of the research was to study the degree of drought tolerance of grape varieties to identify the adaptive mechanisms of plants in the arid conditions of the region. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: determination of the total water content in the leaves and the relative turghorescence of the leaves; determination of water deficiency in the leaves; determination of water-holding capacity of leaves, as the main indicator of drought resistance. Methods. The object of research was 12 grape varieties of various technological orientations grown on the territory of the vineyard of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Were investigated early ripe varieties (Vostorg, Astrahanskij skorospelyj, Madlen muskatnyj, Koroleva vinogradnikov, Shasla belaya, Bianka, Fioletovyj rannij) and mid-season varieties (Kishmish Luchistyj, Husajne rozovyj, Levokumskij). For control were taken: Kodryanka – for early ripe varieties; Karamol – for varieties of medium ripening. The experience laid down by the method of B.A. Dospehov. The scheme of planting bushes 1250.0 pcs/ha. Formation of bushes – fan, four-sleeve. Irrigation was carried out on furrows with a norm of 600.0–800.0 m3/ha. To assess the adaptive resistance of grape varieties to drought, we determined: the total water content in the leaves, the relative turborescence of the leaves according to the Witherly method, the water deficit in the leaves according to the Litvinov method, and the water retention capacity according to the Eremeev method. Results. The lowest water deficit in the group of early ripening varieties was found in the varieties Kodryanka, Madlen muskatnyj and Koroleva vinogradnikov (4.9–5.7 %); in the group of middle-ripening varieties, the varieties are Levokumskij and Kishmish Luchistyj (4.7–5.0 %). As a result of the research, 7 varieties with a high degree of drought resistance were identified: Kodryanka, Astrahanskij skorospelyj, Koroleva vinogradnikov, Shasla belaya, Karamol, Kishmish Luchistyj and Husajne rozovyj.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals the Genetic Basis of Chilling Tolerance in Rice at the Reproductive Stage

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1722
Author(s):  
Byeong Yong Jeong ◽  
Yoonjung Lee ◽  
Yebin Kwon ◽  
Jee Hye Kim ◽  
Tae-Ho Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium Block ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to investigate the genetic basis of chilling tolerance in a collection of 117 rice accessions, including 26 Korean landraces and 29 weedy rices, at the reproductive stage. To assess chilling tolerance at the early young microspore stage, plants were treated at 12 °C for 5 days, and tolerance was evaluated using seed set fertility. GWAS, together with principal component analysis and kinship matrix analysis, revealed five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with chilling tolerance on chromosomes 3, 6, and 7. The percentage of phenotypic variation explained by the QTLs was 11–19%. The genomic region underlying the QTL on chromosome 3 overlapped with a previously reported QTL associated with spikelet fertility. Subsequent bioinformatic and haplotype analyses suggested three candidate chilling-tolerance genes within the QTL linkage disequilibrium block: Os03g0305700, encoding a protein similar to peptide chain release factor 2; Os06g0495700, encoding a beta tubulin, autoregulation binding-site-domain-containing protein; and Os07g0137800, encoding a protein kinase, core-domain-containing protein. Further analysis of the detected QTLs and the candidate chilling-tolerance genes will facilitate strategies for developing chilling-tolerant rice cultivars in breeding programs.

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