Species‐specific responses to landscape features shaped genomic structure within Alaska galliformes

AbstractThe presence of DNA fragments in tissues from rabbits given genetically modified (GM) soya-bean meal (solvent extracted) was investigated by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach. Moreover, the possible effects on cell metabolism were evaluated by determination of several specific enzymes in serum, heart, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney. The chloroplast sequence for tRNA Leu by using the Clor1/Clor2 primers designed on chloroplast trnL sequence was clearly detected. On the contrary, two couples of species specific primers for conventional (Le1-5/Le 1-3 which amplifies the soya bean lectin gene) and genetically modified (35S1/35S2 which amplifies the 35S CMV promoter that is present in the genomic structure of GM soya bean) soya bean were not found in all samples. No differences in enzyme levels were detected in serum, but a significant increase of lactic dehydrogenase, mainly concerning the LDH1 isoenzyme was found in particular in kidney and heart but not in the muscle, thus suggesting a potential alteration in the local production of the enzyme. Finally, no significant differences were detected concerning body weight, fresh organ weights and no sexual differences were detected.

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Fluctuating Asymmetry in Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and Conditions of Its Manifestation

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym11121475 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1475

Author(s):

Sukhodolskaya Raisa ◽

Saveliev Anatoliy ◽

Mukhametnabiev Timur ◽

Eremeeva Natalia

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Data Base ◽

Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽

Anthropogenic Impact ◽

Ground Beetles ◽

Disturbing Factor ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Landscape Features ◽

Species Specific ◽

Vast Area

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is used to reveal environmental or genetic stress, but the results of some studies are inconsistent. We aimed to give some explanations of possible controversial conclusions, when FA was employed. We measured FA (one dimensional and one meristic traits) in the recognized bioindicators—ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Beetles were sampled in a vast area (four provinces of Russia with the spectrum of the studied sites, which differed in anthropogenic impact, vegetation, and landscape features). On the basis of such measurements (4673 specimen) we created a data base. Subsequent ANOVA showed, that FA was species-specific (out of six species investigated it was expressed in five ones), sex-biased (males had higher levels of FA), and were affected practically by all environmental factors. Besides significant species–sex and factors–sex interactions were found. So, when employing FA as an indicator of stress, overall biological and ecological variation in species-indicator must be investigated before. Sometimes FA (or its absence) may not be due to pollution or another disturbing factor, but be the result of the effect of unaccounted but FA determinative factors.

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Comparative Genome-Wide Characterization of Microsatellites in Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis Leading to the Development of Species-Specific Marker

Public Health Genomics ◽

10.1159/000512087 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Pallavi Singh ◽

Ravindra Nath ◽

Vimala Venkatesh

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Genome Mapping ◽

Genomic Structure ◽

Genome Structure ◽

Candida Dubliniensis ◽

Whole Genome Sequence ◽

Specific Marker ◽

Comparative Genome ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Species Specific

Background: Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSR) are related to genomic structure, function, and certain diseases of taxonomically different organisms. Objective: To characterize microsatellites in two closely related Candida species by searching and comparing 1–6 bp nucleotide motifs and utilizing them to develop species-specific markers. Methods: Whole-genome sequence was downloaded from the public domain, microsatellites were mined and analyzed, and primers were synthesized. Results: A total of 15,821 and 7,868 microsatellites, with mono-nucleotides (8,679) and trinucleotides (3,156) as most frequent microsatellites, were mined in Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans, respectively. Chromosome size was found positively correlated with microsatellite number in both the species, whereas it was negatively correlated with the relative abundance and density of microsatellites. A number of unique motifs were also found in both the species. Overall, microsatellite frequencies of each chromosome in C. dubliniensis were higher than in C. albicans. Conclusion: The features of microsatellite distribution in the two species’ genomes revealed that it is probably not conserved in the genus Candida. Data generated in this article could be used for comparative genome mapping and understanding the distribution of microsatellites and genome structure between these closely related and phenotypically misidentified species and may provide a foundation for the development of a new set of species-specific microsatellite markers. Here, we also report a novel microsatellite-based marker for C. dubliniensis-specific identification.

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Electron Microscopy in the Study of Natural Phytoplankton Assemblages

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119831 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 620-623

Author(s):

Linda Sicko-Goad

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Size Range ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Specific Information ◽

Phytoplankton Assemblages ◽

Phytoplankton Productivity ◽

Ecosystem Effects ◽

Time Of Year ◽

Species Specific

Although the use of electron microscopy and its varied methodologies is not usually associated with ecological studies, the types of species specific information that can be generated by these techniques are often quite useful in predicting long-term ecosystem effects. The utility of these techniques is especially apparent when one considers both the size range of particles found in the aquatic environment and the complexity of the phytoplankton assemblages.The size range and character of organisms found in the aquatic environment are dependent upon a variety of physical parameters that include sampling depth, location, and time of year. In the winter months, all the Laurentian Great Lakes are uniformly mixed and homothermous in the range of 1.1 to 1.7°C. During this time phytoplankton productivity is quite low.

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