scholarly journals Development of a Piscirickettsia salmonis immersion challenge model to investigate the comparative susceptibility of three salmon species

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amy Long ◽  
Aidan Goodall ◽  
Simon R.M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis ◽  
Comparative Susceptibility

Nomenclature Abstract for Piscirickettsia salmonis Fryer et al. 1992.

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis

scholarly journals The Analysis of Live-Attenuated Piscirickettsia salmonis Vaccine Reveals the Short-Term Upregulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): An In Situ Open-Sea Cages Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Deborah Vargas ◽  
Eva Vallejos-Vidal ◽  
Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa ◽  
Aarón Oyarzún-Arrau ◽  
Claudio Acuña-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis

Piscirickettsia salmonis, the etiological agent of the Salmon Rickettsial Septicemia (SRS), is one the most serious health problems for the Chilean salmon industry. Typical antimicrobial strategies used against P. salmonis include antibiotics and vaccines, but these applications have largely failed. A few years ago, the first attenuated-live vaccine against SRS (ALPHA JECT LiVac® SRS vaccine) was released to the market. However, there is no data about the agents involved in the activation of the immune response induced under field conditions. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the expression profile of a set of gene markers related to innate and adaptive immunity in the context of a cellular response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared under productive farm conditions and immunized with a live-attenuated vaccine against P. salmonis. We analyzed the expression at zero, 5-, 15- and 45-days post-vaccination (dpv). Our results reveal that the administration of the attenuated live SRS LiVac vaccine induces a short-term upregulation of the cellular-mediated immune response at 5 dpv modulated by the upregulation of ifnα, ifnγ, and the cd4 and cd8α T cell surface markers. In addition, we also registered the upregulation of il-10 and tgfβ. Altogether, the results suggest that a balanced activation of the immune response took place only at early times post-vaccination (5 dpv). The scope of this short-term upregulation of the cellular-mediated immune response against a natural outbreak in fish subjected to productive farm conditions deserves further research.

scholarly journals “Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis”

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Díaz ◽  
José Troncoso ◽  
Eva Jakob ◽  
Stanko Skugor
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Immune Signaling ◽  
Immune Effector ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis

Abstract Background Vertebrate hosts limit the availability of iron to microbial pathogens in order to nutritionally starve the invaders. The impact of iron deficiency induced by the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) was investigated in Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells infected with the facultative intracellular bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. Results Effects of the DFO treatment and P. salmonis on SHK-1 cells were gaged by assessing cytopathic effects, bacterial load and activity, and gene expression profiles of eight immune biomarkers at 4- and 7-days post infection (dpi) in the control group, groups receiving single treatments (DFO or P. salmonis) and their combination. The chelator appears to be well-tolerated by host cells, while it had a negative impact on the number of bacterial cells and associated cytotoxicity. DFO alone had minor effects on gene expression of SHK-1 cells, including an early activation of IL-1β at 4 dpi. In contrast to few moderate changes induced by single treatments (either infection or chelator), most genes had highest upregulation in the infected groups receiving DFO. The mildest induction of hepcidin-1 (antimicrobial peptide precursor and regulator of iron homeostasis) was observed in cells exposed to DFO alone, followed by P. salmonis infected cells while the addition of DFO to infected cells further increased the mRNA abundance of this gene. Transcripts encoding TNF-α (immune signaling) and iNOS (immune effector) showed sustained increase at both time points in this group while cathelicidin-1 (immune effector) and IL-8 (immune signaling) were upregulated at 7 dpi. The stimulation of protective gene responses seen in infected cultures supplemented with DFO coincided with the reduction of bacterial load and activity (judged by the expression of P. salmonis 16S rRNA), and damage to cultured host cells. Conclusion The absence of immune gene activation under normal iron conditions suggests modulation of host responses by P. salmonis. The negative effect of iron deficiency on bacteria likely allowed host cells to respond in a more protective manner to the infection, further decreasing its progression. Presented findings encourage in vivo exploration of iron chelators as a promising strategy against piscirickettsiosis.

scholarly journals Optimization of florfenicol dose against Piscirickettsia salmonis in Salmo salar through PK/PD studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0215174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty San Martín ◽  
Marcela Fresno ◽  
Javiera Cornejo ◽  
Marcos Godoy ◽  
Rolando Ibarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis

scholarly journals Piscirickettsia salmonis gen. nov., sp. nov., the Causative Agent of an Epizootic Disease in Salmonid Fishes

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Fryer ◽  
C. N. Lannan ◽  
S. J. Giovannoni ◽  
N. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Salmonid Fishes ◽  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis ◽  
Epizootic Disease

Comparative susceptibility of hospital isolates of Gram-negative bacteria to antiseptics and disinfectants

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Hammond ◽  
J.R. Morgan ◽  
A.D. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Comparative Susceptibility

Comparative susceptibility of cefminox and cefoxitin to β-lactamases of Bacteroides spp.

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Soriano ◽  
Richard Edwards ◽  
David Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Susceptibility
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