Functional characterization of TNF‐ α in pufferfish ( Takifugu obscurus ) in immune response and apoptosis against Aeromonas hydrophila

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linghe Kong ◽  
Kun Qian ◽  
Siwei Wu ◽  
Bingxi Li ◽  
Zheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Takifugu Obscurus ◽  
Tnf Α

scholarly journals Molecular and Functional Characterization of a ToxR-Regulated Lipoprotein from a Clinical Isolate of Aeromonas hydrophila

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 3742-3755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Pillai ◽  
Jian Sha ◽  
Tatiana E. Erova ◽  
Amin A. Fadl ◽  
Bijay K. Khajanchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Affinity Column ◽  
Serum Resistance ◽  
Classical Pathway ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
T7 Promoter

ABSTRACT Human diseases caused by species of Aeromonas have been classified into two major groups: septicemia and gastroenteritis. In this study, we reported the molecular and functional characterization of a new virulence factor, ToxR-regulated lipoprotein, or TagA, from a diarrheal isolate, SSU, of Aeromonas hydrophila. The tagA gene of A. hydrophila exhibited 60% identity with that of a recently identified stcE gene from Escherichia coli O157:H7, which encoded a protein (StcE) that provided serum resistance to the bacterium and prevented erythrocyte lysis by controlling classical pathway of complement activation by cleaving the complement C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). We purified A. hydrophila TagA as a histidine-tagged fusion protein (rTagA) from E. coli DE3 strain using a T7 promoter-based pET30 expression vector and nickel affinity column chromatography. rTagA cleaved C1-INH in a time-dependent manner. The tagA isogenic mutant of A. hydrophila, unlike its corresponding wild-type (WT) or the complemented strain, was unable to cleave C1-INH, which is required to potentiate the C1-INH-mediated lysis of host and bacterial cells. We indeed demonstrated colocalization of C1-INH and TagA on the bacterial surface by confocal fluorescence microscopy, which ultimately resulted in increased serum resistance of the WT bacterium. Likewise, we delineated the role of TagA in contributing to the enhanced ability of C1-INH to inhibit the classical complement-mediated lysis of erythrocytes. Importantly, we provided evidence that the tagA mutant was significantly less virulent in a mouse model of infection (60%) than the WT bacterium at two 50% lethal doses, which resulted in 100% mortality within 48 h. Taken together, our data provided new information on the role of TagA as a virulence factor in bacterial pathogenesis. This is the first report of TagA characterization from any species of Aeromonas.

Functional characterization of arginine metabolic pathway enzymes in the antibacterial immune response of penaeid shrimp

2022 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 104293
Author(s):  
Zishu Huang ◽  
Yueling Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Zheng ◽  
Zhuoyan Liu ◽  
Defu Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of NK Cells in Human Immune Response against the Dimorphic FungusParacoccidioides brasiliensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 935-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa N. A. Longhi ◽  
Rosiane M. da Silva ◽  
Márcia C. Fornazim ◽  
Maria C. Spago ◽  
Rômulo T. D. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Human Immune Response ◽  
Human Immune

scholarly journals Nanoparticles for the multivalent presentation of a TnThr mimetic and as tool for solid state NMR coating investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 1471-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Papi ◽  
Giulia Targetti ◽  
Linda Cerofolini ◽  
Claudio Luchinat ◽  
Marco Fragai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Solid System

Abstract The fully characterization of tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and of tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) have opened the avenue of cancer immunotherapy. The intrinsic poor immunogenicity of TACAs, however, spotlighted the importance of multivalent presentation of the antigen(s) to trigger an immune response. Nanoparticles are excellent scaffolds for this purpose. Here we reported on the easy glycosylation of iron-based and biocompatible dextran-based nanoparticles with 1, a mimetic of the TnThr antigen. The multivalent presentation of 1 induced the induction of TNF-α and IL-6/IL10, respectively. The multivalent glycosylation of silica nanoparticles (GSiNPs) was also performed and saccharide loading qualitative assessed by solid state NMR. Our results offer the proof of concept that biomolecules coating can also be investigated on solid system by NMR.

scholarly journals Significant and conflicting correlation of IL-9 with Prevotella and Bacteroides in human colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Niccolai ◽  
E Russo ◽  
S Baldi ◽  
F Ricci ◽  
G Nannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Inflammatory Profile ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a widespread disease that represents an example of chronic inflammation-associated tumor. In fact, the immune system, besides protecting the host from developing tumors, can support the CRC progression. In this scenario, the gut microbiota (GM) is essential to modulate immune responses and a dysbiotic condition can favor chronic/abnormal immune activation that support the tumor growth. GM can elicit the production of cytokines, influencing the immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive reactions, such as the tendency to mount Th1, Th17, Tregs or Th9 responses that play different roles towards colon cancer. Paradigmatic is the role of IL-9 that can both promote tumor progression in hematological malignancies and inhibit tumorigenesis in solid cancers. Therefore, to investigate the microbiota-immunity axis in CRC patients is crucial to well understand the cancer development with positive relapses in prevention and treatment.AimThe cellular and molecular characterization of the immune response and the evaluation of GM composition in healthy and tumor mucosa, focusing on the correlation between cytokines’ profile and GM signature.MethodsWe collected tumoral (CRC) and healthy (CRC-S) mucosa samples of 45 CRC patients. For each sample, we characterized the Tissue Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL)’s subset profile and the GM composition. In addition, in 14 CRC patients, we evaluated the CRC and CRC-S molecular inflammatory response (26 cytokines/chemokines) and we correlated this profile with GM composition using the Dirichlet Multinomial Regression.ResultsThe analysis of T cells subsets distribution showed that CRC samples displayed higher percentages of Th17, Th2, Tregs, Tc17, Tc1/Tc17, and Tcreg, compared to CRC-S. Notably, also the number of Th9 was higher, even if not significantly, in CRC tissue compared to healthy one. In addition, we found that MIP-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IP-10, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1α, P-selectin and IL-9 were significantly increased in CRC compared to CRC-S. Moreover, the GM analysis revealed that CRC samples had significantly higher levels of Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus2 (Lachnospiraceae family) and Ruminococcus (Ruminococcaceae family) than CRC-S. Finally, we found that the abundance of Prevotella spp in CRC samples was negatively correlated with IL-17A and positively with IL-9. In addition, the abundance of Bacteroides and Escherichia/Shigella species in CRC samples showed a negative association with IL-9 and IP-10 respectively.ConclusionsOur data show a clear dissimilarity of inflammatory profile and GM composition between the tumor and the adjacent healthy tissue, displaying the generation of a peculiar CRC microenvironment. Interestingly, relating the tissue cytokine profile with the GM composition, we confirmed the presence of a bidirectional crosstalk between the immune response and the host’s commensal microorganisms; in detail, we documented for the first time that Prevotella spp. and Bacteroides spp. are correlated (positively and negatively, respectively) with the IL-9, whose role in CRC development is still debated.

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