scholarly journals Epaxial muscle fiber architecture favors enhanced excursion and power in the leaper Galago senegalensis

2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emranul Huq ◽  
Christine E. Wall ◽  
Andrea B. Taylor

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Friederich ◽  
Richard A. Brand


2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Daly ◽  
Laura Case ◽  
Amy Pastva ◽  
Priya Kishnani ◽  
Dwight Koeberl ◽  
...  




2009 ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Taylor ◽  
Carolyn M. Eng ◽  
Fred C. Anapol ◽  
Christopher J. Vinyard


2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Taylor ◽  
Christopher J. Vinyard


1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aladin M. Boriek ◽  
Charles C. Miller ◽  
Joseph R. Rodarte

Boriek, Aladin M., Charles C. Miller III, and Joseph R. Rodarte. Muscle fiber architecture of the dog diaphragm. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 318–326, 1998.—Previous measurements of muscle thickness and length ratio of costal diaphragm insertions in the dog (A. M. Boriek and J. R. Rodarte. J. Appl. Physiol. 77: 2065–2070, 1994) suggested, but did not prove, discontinuous muscle fiber architecture. We examined diaphragmatic muscle fiber architecture using morphological and histochemical methods. In 15 mongrel dogs, transverse sections along the length of the muscle fibers were analyzed morphometrically at ×20, by using the BioQuant System IV software. We measured fiber diameters, cross-sectional fiber shapes, and cross-sectional area distributions of fibers. We also determined numbers of muscle fibers per cross-sectional area and ratio of connective tissue to muscle fibers along a course of the muscle from near the chest wall (CW) to near the central tendon (CT) for midcostal left and right hemidiaphragms, as well as ventral, middle, and dorsal regions of the left costal hemidiaphragm. In six other mongrel dogs, the macroscopic distribution of neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) on thoracic and abdominal diaphragm surfaces was determined by staining the intact diaphragmatic muscle for acetylcholinesterase activity. The average major diameter of muscle fibers was significantly smaller, and the number of fibers was significantly larger midspan between CT and CW than near the insertions. The ratio of connective tissues to muscle fibers was largest at CW compared with other regions along the length of the muscle. The diaphragm is transversely crossed by multiple scattered NMJ bands with fairly regular intervals offset in adjacent strips. Muscle fascicles traverse two to five NMJ, consistent with fibers that do not span the entire fascicle from CT to CW. These results suggest that the diaphragm has a discontinuous fiber architecture in which contractile forces may be transmitted among the muscle fibers through the connective tissue adjacent to the fibers.





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