scholarly journals Water Exchange across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An MRI Diffusion-Weighted Pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 900-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Palomares ◽  
Sudhakar Tummala ◽  
Danny J.J. Wang ◽  
Bumhee Park ◽  
Mary A. Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Hypercoagulability, and the Blood–Brain Barrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3099
Author(s):  
Cindy Zolotoff ◽  
Laurent Bertoletti ◽  
David Gozal ◽  
Valentine Mismetti ◽  
Pascale Flandrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Neural Dysfunction

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is recognized as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases that are mediated by a multitude of mechanistic pathophysiological cascades including procoagulant factors. The pro-coagulant state contributes to the development of blood clots and to the increase in the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Such alteration of BBB may alter brain function and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. We aim to provide a narrative review of the relationship between the hypercoagulable state, observed in OSA and characterized by increased coagulation factor activity, as well as platelet activation, and the underlying neural dysfunction, as related to disruption of the BBB. We aim to provide a critical overview of the existing evidence about the effect of OSA on the coagulation balance (characterized by increased coagulation factor activity and platelet activation) as on the BBB. Then, we will present the emerging data on the effect of BBB disruption on the risk of underlying neural dysfunction. Finally, we will discuss the potential of OSA therapy on the coagulation balance and the improvement of BBB.

Abstract WP42: Prediction of Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Infarction Using Arterial Spin-labeling MRI

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeya Niibo ◽  
Hajime Ohta ◽  
Shirou Miyata ◽  
Ichirou Ikushima ◽  
Kazuchika Yonenaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Hemorrhagic Transformation ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Disruption ◽  
Blood Brain

Background and Purpose: Arterial spin-labeling (ASL) MRI is sensitive for detecting hyperemic lesions (HLs) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We evaluated whether HLs could predict blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in AIS patients. Methods: In a retrospective study, ASL was performed within 6 hours of symptom onset before revascularization treatment in 25 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion on baseline MR angiography. All patients underwent angiographic procedures intended for endovascular therapy and a noncontrast CT scan immediately after treatment. BBB disruption was defined as a hyperdense lesion present on the posttreatment CT scan. A subacute MRI or CT scan was performed during the subacute phase to assess HTs. The relationship between HLs and BBB disruption and HT was examined using the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) locations in the symptomatic hemispheres. Results: A HL was defined as a region where CBF relative ≥1.4 (CBF relative =CBF HL /CBF contralateral ). HLs, BBB disruption and HT were found in 9, 15, and 15 patients, respectively. Compared with the patients without HLs, the patients with HLs had a higher incidence of both BBB disruption (100% versus 37.5%, P=0.003) and HT (100% versus 37.5%, P=0.003). Based on the ASPECTS locations, 21 regions of interests (ROIs) displayed HLs. Compared with the ROIs without HLs, the ROIs with HLs had a higher incidence of both BBB disruption (42.8% versus 3.9%, P<0.001) and HT (85.7% versus 7.8%, P<0.001). Conclusion: HLs detected on pretreatment ASL maps may enable the prediction and localization of subsequent BBB disruption and HT.

scholarly journals Increased cerebral vascularization and decreased water exchange across the blood-brain barrier in aquaporin-4 knockout mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0218415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Kui Xu ◽  
Yuchi Liu ◽  
Bernadette O. Erokwu ◽  
Pan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain

scholarly journals The Blood-Brain Barrier and Microvascular Water Exchange in Alzheimer's Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie C. Anderson ◽  
David P. Lenar ◽  
Joseph F. Quinn ◽  
William D. Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Blood Brain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Although traditionally considered a disease of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques, structural and functional changes in the microvessels may contribute directly to the pathogenesis of the disease. Since vascular dysfunction often precedes cognitive impairment, understanding the role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD may be key to rational treatment of the disease. We propose that water regulation, a critical function of the BBB, is disturbed in AD and results in abnormal permeability and rates of water exchange across the vessel walls. In this paper, we describe some of the pathological events that may disturb microvascular water exchange in AD and examine the potential of a relatively new imaging technique, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, to quantify water exchange on a cellular level and thus serve as a probe of BBB integrity in AD.

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