scholarly journals Clinical utility of urine specific gravity, electrical conductivity, and color as on‐farm methods for evaluating urine concentration in dairy cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1530-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameer A. Megahed ◽  
Walter Grünberg ◽  
Peter D. Constable
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals The Effects of Age and Urine Concentration on Lysozyme and N-acetyl-β-d-Glucosaminidase (NAG) Content in Urine

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T Houser
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Age Related

Random urine samples were obtained to evaluate potential age- or urine concentration-related differences in lysozyme or NAG content. The concentration and excretion of both enzymes was widely variable although no age-related differences were seen. Urine concentration, however, was an important variable as NAG concentration (per mL urine) and lysozyme excretion (per μmol creatinine) were significantly elevated and reduced, respectively, in samples with a higher specific gravity. The correlation coefficient between urine specific gravity and both parameters was significant. Lysozyme excretion is elevated in subjects undergoing a modest diuresis although NAG excretion is unaffected. These data may prove to be useful in the evaluation of renal dysfunction.

scholarly journals Reliability of Three Urine Specific Gravity Meters Measuring Brix and Urine Solutions at Different Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floris Wardenaar ◽  
Carmen P. Ortega-Santos ◽  
Kaila Vento ◽  
Stephanie Olzinski ◽  
Jason Olig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sample Temperature ◽  
Reporting Bias ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Fresh Urine

Context: The measurement of urine specific gravity should be performed at room temperature (20 °C) but sample temperature is not always taken in consideration. Objective: Evaluate the effect of sample temperature on the measurement accuracy of a digital (DIG) and optical (MAN) refractometer and a hydrometer (HYD). Design: Quantitative comparison between measurement outcomes for a reference solution (sucrose, degrees Brix) and fresh collected urine samples. Samples: Experiment 1 used a 24 Brix (°Bx) samples and experiment 2 used 33 fresh urine samples. Main Outcome Measure: Urine specific gravity (USG). Results: Experiment 1 showed DIG and MAN did not differ from reference, but HYD reported lower or inconsistent values compared to Bx, while highly correlating with Bx solutions (r: > 0.89). The overall diagnostic ability of elevated USG (≥ 1.020; ≥ 1.025; ≥ 1.030) was high for all tools (AUC > 0.92). Misclassification of samples increased from 0 to 2 at 1.020 to 1 to 3 samples at cutoff 1.025 and 1.030 USG. Bland–Altman analysis showed DIG 5 °C underreports slightly without reporting bias (r: −0.344, P = 0.13); all other plots for DIG, MAN, and HYD showed considerably larger underreporting at higher concentrations (r ranging from −0.21 to −0.97 with P > .02) at all temperatures. The outcomes of experiment 2 using DIG 20°C as standard, showed only negligible differences between DIG and MAN at all temperatures, but larger differences using HYD. Conclusions: All tools showed reporting bias when compared to °Bx solutions which can impact classification of low and high urine concentration at higher USG cutoff values, especially at a sample temperature of 37 °C.

scholarly journals Progressive Dehydration in Junior Laser Class Sailors During World Championship

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giannis Arnaoutis ◽  
Panagiotis Verginadis ◽  
Adam D. Seal ◽  
Ioannis Vogiatzis ◽  
Labros S. Sidossis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
World Championship ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of this article is to assess the hydration status of elite young sailing athletes during World Championship competition. Twelve young, elite, male, Laser Class sailors (age: 15.8 ± 1.1 y, height: 1.74 ± 0.1 m, weight: 65.1 ± 1.5 kg, body fat: 12.5 ± 3.1%, training experience: 7.0 ± 1.2 y) participated in this descriptive study. After three-day baseline bodyweight measurements, hydration status was assessed via pre- and post-race body weights, urine-specific gravity, and thirst ratings via a visual analog scale during four consecutive days of racing. Measurements and data collection took place at the same time each racing day, with mean environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed at 23.0 ± 0.8°C, 64–70%, and 9 ± 1 knots, respectively. Average racing time was 130 ± 9 min. Body weight was significantly decreased following each race-day as compared to prerace values (Day 1: −1.1 ± 0.2, Day 2: −2.5 ± 0.1, Day 3: −2.8 ± 0.1, and Day 4: −3.0 ± 0.1% of body weight; p < 0.05). The participants exhibited dehydration of −2.9 ± 0.2 and −5.8 ± 0.2% of body weight before and after the fourth racing day as compared to the three-day baseline body weight. Urine-specific gravity (pre–post → Day 1: 1.014–1.017; Day 2: 1.019–1.024; Day 3: 1.021–1.026; Day 4: 1.022–1.027) and thirst (pre–post → Day 1: 2.0–5.2; Day 2: 3.2–5.5; Day 3: 3.7–5.7; Day 4: 3.8–6.8) were also progressively and significantly elevated throughout the four days of competition. The data revealed progressive dehydration throughout four consecutive days of racing as indicated by decreased body weight, elevated urine concentration, and high thirst.

A study on the urine specific gravity before training and sweating response during training of professional soccer players

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
YoungSoo Lee ◽  
Siyoung Kim ◽  
Lee sang ho ◽  
Sanghyoun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Professional Soccer

Identification of potential on-farm sources ofListeria monocytogenesin herds of dairy cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-673
Author(s):  
Hussni O. Mohammed ◽  
Korana Stipetic ◽  
Patrick L. McDonough ◽  
Ruben N. Gonzalez ◽  
Daryl V. Nydam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals On-farm characterization and evaluation of dairy cattle crossbreeds in Côte d’Ivoire

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
Edouard K. N’Goran ◽  
Valentine C. Yapi Gnaore ◽  
Agathe T. Fantodji
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
On Farm

Estimation of urine specific gravity in neonates with a reagent strip

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnak K. Assadi ◽  
Linda Fornell
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity

scholarly journals Urine specific gravity as a diagnostic tool for dehydration in children

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalis Joko Purwanto ◽  
Mohammad Juffrie ◽  
Djauhar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Urine Production

Background Using clinical judgment to diagnose dehydration can be highly subjective. To diagnose dehydration, it would be ideal to have an accurate, inexpensive, objective and easy-to-perform diagnostic tool. In cases of dehydration, plasma osmolality rises, causing an increase in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. The increased ADH reduces urine production and increases urine osmolality. Previous studies have show that urine osmolality correlates well to urine specific gravity. We investigated if urine specific gravity can be a reliable and objective detennination of dehydration status.Objective To assess the accuracy of using urine specific gravity as a diagnostic tool to determine dehydration status of children with diarrhea.Methods We conducted the study in the pediatric ward of Sardjito Hospital from September 2009 to December 2009. Using a refractometer we measured urine specific gravity from patients with diarrhea. This measurement was then compared to a standard of acute body weight loss, with dehydration defined as weight loss of 5% or more. The cut-off value for defining dehydration using specific gravity measurements was detennined by a receiver-operator curve (ROC).Results Out of 61 pediatric patients who were recruited in this study, 18 (30%) had dehydration as defined by a body weight loss of 5% or more. Based on the ROC, we determined the cut off  value for urine specific gravity to be 1.022. Using this value, urine specific gravity was 72% sensitive (95% CI 52 to 93), and 84% specific (95% CI 73 to 95) in determining dehydration status.Conclusion Urine specific gravity is less accurate than clinical judgment in determining dehydration status in children with diarrhea.

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