Biotic homogenization of urban floras by alien species: the role of species turnover and richness differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Lososová ◽  
Milan Chytrý ◽  
Jiří Danihelka ◽  
Lubomír Tichý ◽  
Carlo Ricotta
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Biotic Homogenization ◽  
Urban Floras

Biotic homogenization of Central European urban floras depends on residence time of alien species and habitat types

2012 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Lososová ◽  
Milan Chytrý ◽  
Lubomír Tichý ◽  
Jiří Danihelka ◽  
Karel Fajmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Biotic Homogenization ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Central European ◽  
Urban Floras

The role of alien species in abandoned field successions in the Starobilski steppes

Geo&Bio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (17) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Larisa Borovyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Abandoned Field

scholarly journals Diversity and species turnover on an altitudinal gradient in Western Cape, South Africa: baseline data for monitoring range shifts in response to climate change

Bothalia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Agenbag ◽  
K. J. Elser ◽  
G. F. Midgley ◽  
C. Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Moisture Gradient ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Succulent Karoo ◽  
Species Ranges

A temperature and moisture gradient on the equator-facing slope of Jonaskop on the Riviersonderend Mountain. Westem Cape has been selected as an important gradient for monitoring the effects of climate change on fynbos and the Fynbos- Succulent Karoo ecotone. This study provides a description of plant diversity patterns, growth form composition and species turnover across the gradient and the results of four years of climate monitoring at selected points along the altitudinal gradient.The aim o f this study is to provide data for a focused monitoring strategy for the early detection of climate change-related shifts in species’ ranges, as well as gaining a better understanding of the role of climate variability in shaping species growth responses, their distributions, and other ecosystem processes.

scholarly journals The role of invasive alien species in shaping local livelihoods and human well-being: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross T. Shackleton ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton ◽  
Christian A. Kull
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Livelihoods

scholarly journals Ecological impacts of invasive alien species along temperature gradients: testing the role of environmental matching

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine C. Iacarella ◽  
Jaimie T. A. Dick ◽  
Mhairi E. Alexander ◽  
Anthony Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Environmental Matching

scholarly journals The role of rivers and streams in the migration of alien plants into the Polish Carpathians

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Zając ◽  
Barbara Tokarska-Guzik ◽  
Maria Zając
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Invasive Alien Plants ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
River Valleys

The role of rivers and streams in the migration of alien plants into the Polish CarpathiansThe Carpathians are among the regions of Poland that are generally less susceptible to invasive alien plants. The factor limiting the spread of the species of this group is, above all, the mountain climate. Even species originating from other mountain regions, e.g. the HimalayanImpatiens glandulifera, have their localities only at low elevations, in the Carpathian foothills. In most cases, alien plant species migrate into the Carpathians from the lowlands. The river valleys provide the migration corridors used by alien species in the course of their progress into new territories of the upper mountain localities. The situation along some mountain rivers, where invasive alien species dominate the native vegetation, is dramatic. Their spread is facilitated not only by easy diaspore transport but also by some anthropogenic factors, such as, river engineering and the transformation of riparian habitats and progressing devastation. Currently, we can observe some invasive alien plants "in statu nascendi", developing a new, secondary range in the Carpathians (e.g.Chaerophyllum aureum) or at the foothills, along the Wisła (Vistula) and San river valleys (e.g.Eragrostis albensis). For some species, cities were the destination for the first stage of future migration, e.g.Acer negundo. In the Carpathians, where many national parks and nature reserves are located, the continuous monitoring of the spread of invasive alien plants should be one of the principal activities of botanists.

Phylogenetic beta diversity of native and alien species in European urban floras

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 751-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Ricotta ◽  
Frank A. La Sorte ◽  
Petr Pyšek ◽  
Gillian L. Rapson ◽  
Laura Celesti-Grapow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Urban Floras

scholarly journals Livestock grazing-induced large-scale biotic homogenization in arid Mediterranean steppe rangelands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merdas Saifi ◽  
Yacine Kouba ◽  
Tewfik Mostephaoui ◽  
Yassine Farhi ◽  
Haroun Chenchouni
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Biotic Homogenization ◽  
Arid Steppe

Despite many studies explored the effect of livestock grazing on plant communities, the response of species composition and diversity to livestock grazing in arid rangelands remain ambiguous. This study examined the effects of livestock grazing on plant communities in arid steppe rangelands of North Africa. Plant diversity of annual species, perennial species and all species combined was measured and compared between grazed and grazing-excluded areas. We also examined the relative importance of species turnover and community nestedness. Moreover, the effects of livestock grazing on beta diversity at local among transects and landscape among sites scales were examined using the multiplicative diversity partitioning. Results revealed that livestock grazing significantly decreased the alpha diversity of all species combined and the diversity of annual plants. Livestock grazing induced a shift in plant community composition where most of species composition variation (~74%) was due to infrequent species replacement ‘turnover’ between the two management types rather than nestedness (~26%). Results revealed also that among transects, beta diversity was higher in grazed steppes than in grazing-excluded steppes. Whereas, among sites, beta diversity was lower in grazed steppes compared to grazing-excluded steppes. These findings suggest that livestock grazing in arid steppe rangelands increases the variation in plant species composition at a local spatial scale and engenders vegetation homogeneity at landscape spatial scale. Therefore, the implementation of appropriate management practices such as short-term grazing exclusion is mandatory to prevent these ecosystems from large scale biotic homogenization.

scholarly journals Revisiting spatial and temporal patterns of dung beetles in Brazilian Pampa: the role of β-diversity process-related components

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Giovâni da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Species Turnover ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Dung Beetles ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Dissimilarity Coefficient ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Forest Ecotone

β-diversity is a key measure to understand biodiversity patterns across spatial and temporal scales. In this study, two published datasets on dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) from Brazilian Pampa are re-analyzed aiming to investigate the role of β-diversity process-related components based on composition- and abundance-based approaches for both spatial (grassland-forest ecotone) and temporal (samplings along a year) scales. Dung beetles were sampled in a grassland-forest ecotone in October 2006 and in a grassland area monthly during an entire year (December 2006 to November 2007), using baited pitfall traps. β-diversity was decomposed into turnover and nestedness-resultant components based on Jaccard dissimilarity coefficient, and also into balanced variation in abundance and abundance gradients based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity coefficient. Both environmental (spatial scale) and climatic (temporal scale) differences affected dung beetles similarly in terms of species replacement and nestedness patterns, and similarly in terms of variation in abundance and abundance gradients. For both spatial and temporal approach, the species turnover and the variation in species abundances were higher, while nestedness patterns and abundance gradients were of minor relative importance.

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