Estimation of (co)variance components for birth weight in Nellore cattle using alternative data editing criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1355-1361
Author(s):  
Luiz Eduardo Cruz Santos Correia ◽  
Ricardo António Silva Faria ◽  
Matheus Henrique Vargas Oliveira ◽  
Rusbel Raúl Aspilcueta Borquis ◽  
Rogério Abdallah Curi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Data Editing ◽  
Nellore Cattle

scholarly journals Genetic trends for mature body weight, visual scores, and growth traits in Nellore cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Koetz Júnior ◽  
◽  
Vanerlei Mozaquatro Roso ◽  
Luís Afonso Marques Claus ◽  
Rui Paulo Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Genetic Trends

ABSTRACT: Mature weight (MW) of cows is related to the costs of their production. Usually, cows with moderate MW are more efficient in challenging environments, such as those available in the production systems in Brazil. In the present study, the selection index comprises the following traits: conformation, finishing precocity, musculature at weaning (WC, WP, WM) yearling (YC, YP and YM), scrotal circumference at yearling (SC), days to gain 160kg from birth to weaning (D160) and 240kg after weaning (D240). This are related to birth weight gain at weaning (WG) and from weaning to yearling (YG). The mature (MW) and birth weight (BW) traits were not considered in the selection index. The aim of this study was to estimate the values for the genetic trends (GT) of some important selection (MW) and economic traits (BW). A bi-character analysis of MW and other characteristics was performed to estimate the (co)variance components and genetic parameters. The GT results obtained for MW were null (0.0065% or 0.02718kg per year) in the period 1990-2007. The GT values were determined for BW (-0.0650% or -0.02017kg), WG (0.0758% or 0.0865kg), YG (0.1051% or 0.11377kg), and MW (0.0393% or 0.11276kg) per year. The visual score values (in score units) were also determined for GTat weaning [WC (0.2310%; 0.00707), WP (0.3624%; 0.3623%),aWM (0.01149; 0.01087)] yearling [YC (0.3256%; 0.00990), YP (0.4795%; 0.01496),YM (0.5041%; 0.01457)] per year. Index-based selection was effective to promote genetic progress in WG, WC, WP, WM, YG, YC, YP, and YM characteristics keeping BW and MW constant.

scholarly journals Anthropometry, Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey: Linkage of Candidate Genes Using Two Sib-Pair Based Variance Components Analyses

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Y. Souren ◽  
Maurice P. Zeegers ◽  
Rob G. J. H. Janssen ◽  
Anja Steyls ◽  
Marij Gielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Suggestive Linkage ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Linkage Analyses ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

AbstractInsulin resistance and obesity are underlying causes of type 2 diabetes and therefore much interest is focused on the potential genes involved. A series of anthropometric and metabolic characteristic were measured in 240 MZ and 112 DZ twin pairs recruited from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey. Microsatellite markers located close to ABCC8, ADIPOQ, GCK, IGF1, IGFBP1, INSR, LEP, LEPR, PPARγ and the RETN gene were genotyped. Univariate single point variance components linkage analyses were performed using two methods: (1) the standard method, only comprising the phenotypic and genotypic data of the DZ twin pairs and (2) the extended method, also incorporating the phenotypic data of the MZ twin pairs. Suggestive linkages (LOD > 1) were observed between the ABCC8 marker and waist-to-hip ratio and HDL-cholesterol levels. Both markers flanking ADIPOQ showed suggestive linkage with triglycerides levels, the upstream marker also with body mass and HDL-cholesterol levels. The IGFBP1 marker showed suggestive linkage with fat mass, fasting insulin and leptin levels and the LEP marker showed suggestive linkage with birth weight. This study suggests that DNA variants in ABCC8, ADIPOQ, IGFBP1 and LEP gene region may predispose to type 2 diabetes. In addition, the two methods used to perform linkage analyses yielded similar results. This was however not the case for birth weight where chorionicity seems to be an important confounder.

scholarly journals Evaluación fenotípica y genética para características de crecimiento en la raza criolla colombiana Costeño con Cuernos

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Alfredo Martínez ◽  
Juan Esteban Pérez ◽  
Teófilo Herazo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Number Of Births

<p>Se establecieron componentes de varianza, así como parámetros fenotípicos y genéticos, respecto de las variables ‘peso al nacimiento’, ‘peso al destete’ (ajustado a los 270 días) y ‘peso a los 480 días’ en un hato del ganado criollo colombiano Costeño con Cuernos. Se analizaron 2.281 registros de pesos al nacer, 1.722 de pesos al destete  y 1.086 de pesos ajustados a los 480 días utilizando la metodología de máxima verosimilitud restringida (DFREML). También se ajustó un modelo animal que incluyó efectos genéticos directos, maternos y de ambiente permanente, asumiendo como efectos fijos el año de nacimiento, el sexo del ternero y el número de partos de la madre; finalmente, se estimaron los parámetros genéticos ‘heredabilidad’, ‘repetibilildad’ y se establecieron correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas. Se reportan bajas estimaciones de heredabilidad de los efectos directos, que varían entre 0,17 ± 0,001 y 0,21 ± 0,074 para los pesos al nacer y al destete, respectivamente; así mismo, fue baja la heredabilidad de los efectos genéticos maternos con relación al peso al nacimiento, aunque estos estimados aumentaron respecto de los pesos al nacer y al destete. Las correlaciones entre efectos directos y maternos fueron negativas, pero el mayor valor se encontró para el peso al nacimiento (-0,89). La contribución del ambiente permanente como proporción de la varianza fenotípica total fue baja y disminuyó a medida que aumentó la edad del animal.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Genetic and phenotypic evaluation to characterize growth traits of the native Colombian breed Costeño con Cuernos</strong></p><p>For a herd of native Colombian breed of cattle -Costeño con Cuernos (CCC)- estimates of variance components for phenotypic and genetic parameters were obtained for birth weight, weight at weaning (adjusted to 270 days) and weight at 480 days. Using the restricted maximum likelihood (REMI) methodology, 2281 birth weight records (PN), 1722 weaning weight records and 1086 weight records adjusted to 480 days were analyze by fitting a model which included direct and maternal genetics effects as well as permanent environmental effects, assuming that fixed effects were year of birth weight, calf gender and the mother number of births. The genetic parameters for heritability, repeatability, genetic and phenotypic correlation were estimated and genotypic and phenotypic correlation was established. Heritability estimates for direct effects are low and range from 0.17 ± 0.001 and 0.21 ± 0.074 for birth and weaning weight respectively; while estimates for maternal genetics effects were also low for PN, they were higher for weaning weight and weight at 480 days. There was a negative correlation between direct and maternal effects, and the higher value was for PN (-0.89). The contribution of the variable permanent environment measured as the contribution of the phenotypic variance was low and diminished as animal age increased.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic evaluation of growth traits in Nellore cattle through multi-trait and random regression models

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.B. Teixeira ◽  
R.R. Mota ◽  
R.B. Lôbo ◽  
L.P. Silva ◽  
A.P. Souza Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Heritability Estimates

We aimed to evaluate different orders of fixed and random effects in random regression models (RRM) based on Legendre orthogonal polynomials as well as to verify the feasibility of these models to describe growth curves in Nellore cattle. The proposed RRM were also compared to multi-trait models (MTM). Variance components and genetic parameters estimates were performed via REML for all models. Twelve RRM were compared through Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC) information criteria. The model of order three for the fixed curve and four for all random effects (direct genetic, maternal genetic, permanent environment, and maternal permanent environment) fits best. Estimates of direct genetic, maternal genetic, maternal permanent environment, permanent environment, phenotypic and residual variances were similar between MTM and RRM. Heritability estimates were higher via RRM. We presented perspectives for the use of RRM for genetic evaluation of growth traits in Brazilian Nellore cattle. In general, moderate heritability estimates were obtained for the majority of studied traits when using RRM. Additionally, the precision of these estimates was higher when using RRM instead of MTM. However, concerns about the variance components estimates in advanced ages via Legendre polynomial must be taken into account in future studies.

Estimates of (co)variance components for direct and maternal effects on birth weight of Karayaka lambs

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 953-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafer Ulutas ◽  
Emre Sirin ◽  
Yüksel Aksoy ◽  
Aziz Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Kuran
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Variance Components

Genetic parameters for lamb birth weight in spring and autumn lambing

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Al-Shorepy ◽  
D. R. Notter
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Common Environment ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Combined Data

AbstractGenetic parameters for birth weight were estimated for two sets of spring-born and one set of autumn-born lambs of the same breed composition and genetic origin using a model that included random additive, additive maternal, permanent environmental maternal, litter and residual effects. Litter effects were significant for all data sets, indicating that within-year effects of common environment and (or) non-additive genotype were important for birth weight and should be included in genetic evaluation programmes. Estimates of variance components for autumn-born lambs differed significantly from those obtained from spring-born lambs or from the combined data. In contrast, estimates obtained for the two sets of spring-born lambs did not differ from those obtained when data on all spring-born lambs were pooled. The estimate of h2 for birth weight in spring-born lambs was over twice as large as that obtained for autumn-born lambs (0·26 v. 0·22).In contrast, the across-year repeatability of ewe effects was much larger in autumn lambs (0·41 v. 0·26) as was the full-sib littermate correlation (0·73 v. 0·49). Mean birth weights were also 0·4 to 0·6 kg less in autumn lambs. These results suggest that negative effects on birth weight that have been reported for lambs gestated during summer in equatorial and subtropical regions are also manifested (albeit at reduced levels) in less extreme climates (in this case, 37°, 15' N latitude and 654 m elevation) and that maternal variation exists in the ability of the ewe to maintain adequate lamb birth weights in autumn lambing systems.

Comparison of genetic and phenotypic parameters in a purebred and a synthetic beef cattle population

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Liu ◽  
M. Makarechian ◽  
R. T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Phenotypic Variations ◽  
Two Populations

Genetic and phenotypic parameters of growth traits from birth to 1 year of age were compared in a multibreed Beef Synthetic (SY) and a purebred Hereford (HE) population managed together under the same environmental conditions and selected for growth rate from 1961 to 1979. Growth traits studied were birth weight, preweaning and postweaning gains. Records of 2077 calves of 70 HE and 100 SY paternal half-sib families were used for analysis. Except for birth weight, phenotypic variances of growth traits were similar for the synthetic (SY) and purebred (HE) populations, but genetic variances were larger in SY than in HE for all growth traits except postweaning gain in males. The coefficients of variation were comparable for all the traits studied in the two populations, indicating that phenotypic variations in the multibreed population and the purebred population were similar. Key words: Variance components, heritability, beef cattle

0314 Introgression of the Belgian Blue Myostatin variant into Nellore cattle: Effects of double muscling on birth weight and calving ease

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
G. Nogueira ◽  
K. S. Paulussi ◽  
A. T. H. Utsunomiya ◽  
Y. T. Utsunomiya ◽  
A. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Nellore Cattle

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic parameters of growth traits of Nellore cattle in the Midwest region of Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Vieira de Araújo ◽  
Raysildo Barbosa Lôbo ◽  
Luis Gustavo Girardi Figueiredo ◽  
Cláudio Jonasson Mousquer ◽  
Monyka Marianna Massoloni Laureano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Estimate Variance ◽  
Genetic Value

Records of birth weight (BW) and weights standardized to 210 (W210); 365 (W365) and 550 (W550) of age in the Nellore breed were used to estimate variance components of genetic effects and predict genetic values of sires. The model included the fixed effects of contemporary group and cow age at calving as co-variable, and the additive and maternal genetic, permanent maternal environmental, and temporary environmental random effects. Estimates of means and standard deviations for BW, W210; W365 and W550 were 32.76 ± 3.74; 184.30 ± 29.02; 240.31 ± 41.85 and 322.12 ± 60.77, respectively. A significant additive genetic variability was detected for all weights. The permanent maternal environmental variance showed greater relevance on weaning weight, and it was practically inexistent after weaning. For the maternal genetic variance, the estimate for birth weight was more significant as compared with weaning weight. The estimated heritability values for BW, W210; W365 and W550 were 0.37 ± 0.02; 0.36 ± 0.03; 031 ± 0.01 and 0.38 ± 0.02, respectively. Genetic correlations between birth weight and other weights were of low magnitude, with high values of weights at other ages. The use of sires of higher genetic value for total maternal effect makes it possible to use sires that are more positive for weaning weight and also for year and yearling weight.

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