scholarly journals Native plant abundance, diversity, and richness increases in prairie restoration with field inoculation density of native mycorrhizal amendments

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Koziol ◽  
Timothy E. Crews ◽  
James D. Bever
Keyword(s):  
Prairie Restoration ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Field Inoculation ◽  
Inoculation Density

scholarly journals From the Ground Up: Prairies on Reclaimed Mine Land—Impacts on Soil and Vegetation

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Swab ◽  
Nicola Lorenz ◽  
Nathan R. Lee ◽  
Steven W. Culman ◽  
Richard P. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Prairie Restoration ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Prairie Restorations ◽  
Mine Lands ◽  
The Impact

After strip mining, soils typically suffer from compaction, low nutrient availability, loss of soil organic carbon, and a compromised soil microbial community. Prairie restorations can improve ecosystem services on former agricultural lands, but prairie restorations on mine lands are relatively under-studied. This study investigated the impact of prairie restoration on mine lands, focusing on the plant community and soil properties. In southeast Ohio, 305 ha within a ~2000 ha area of former mine land was converted to native prairie through herbicide and planting between 1999–2016. Soil and vegetation sampling occurred from 2016–2018. Plant community composition shifted with prairie age, with highest native cover in the oldest prairie areas. Prairie plants were more abundant in older prairies. The oldest prairies had significantly more soil fungal biomass and higher soil microbial biomass. However, many soil properties (e.g., soil nutrients, β-glucosoidase activity, and soil organic carbon), as well as plant species diversity and richness trended higher in prairies, but were not significantly different from baseline cool-season grasslands. Overall, restoration with prairie plant communities slowly shifted soil properties, but mining disturbance was still the most significant driver in controlling soil properties. Prairie restoration on reclaimed mine land was effective in establishing a native plant community, with the associated ecosystem benefits.

Field inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in rehabilitation of mine sites with native vegetation, including Acacia spp.

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bell ◽  
S. Wells ◽  
D. A. Jasper ◽  
L. K. Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Field Inoculation ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonisation ◽  
Mine Sites ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Field experiments were conducted at rehabilitation sites at two contrasting mines in Western Australia. At both mines, Acacia spp. are important components of the rehabilitation ecosystem. At a mineral sands mine near Eneabba, dry-root inoculum of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus invermaium (WUM 10) was introduced into riplines with three rates of phosphate fertiliser application. Plants were assessed for mycorrhizal colonisation and phosphorus status. There was no plant growth benefit from inoculation. A considerable number of infective propagules of indigenous AM fungi was already present in the topsoil. The inoculant fungus as well as the indigenous AM fungi formed mycorrhizas, but only in a small number of Acacia and other native plant species. In a study of AM fungal inoculation at a gold mine rehabilitation site at Boddington, dry-root inoculum of G.�invermaium was applied to riplines prior to seeding. Despite apparently ideal environmental conditions, colonisation of native seedlings was limited. Possible reasons for this were investigated in further experiments that addressed environmental factors such as soil temperature and moisture and factors such as the age of the plant and presence of a colonised cover crop. Inoculum remained infective even under moist conditions in field soil for at least 4 months. Its infectivity decreased in parallel with falling temperatures. However, the level of infectivity present did not ensure extensive colonisation of native plants such as Acacia seedlings in the field. Susceptibility of Acacia seedlings to colonisation by AM fungi appeared to be seasonal, as colonisation increased with increasing daytime temperatures and daylight hours.

scholarly journals Benefits of Native Mycorrhizal Amendments to Perennial Agroecosystems Increases with Field Inoculation Density

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Koziol ◽  
Timothy E. Crews ◽  
James D. Bever
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Field Inoculation ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Inoculation Density

Perennial polyculture cropping systems are a novel agroecological approach used to mirror some of the ecological benefits provided by native perennial ecosystems including increased carbon and nitrogen storage, more stable soils, and reduced anthropogenic input. Plants selected for perennial agroecosystems are often closely related to native perennials known to be highly dependent on microbiome biota, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. However, most plantings take place in highly disturbed soils where tillage and chemical use may have rendered the AM fungal communities less abundant and ineffective. Studies of mycorrhizal amendments include inoculation densities of 2–10,000 kg of inocula per hectare. These studies report variable results that may depend on inocula volume, composition, or nativeness. Here, we test the response of 19 crop plant species to a native mycorrhizal fungal community in a greenhouse and field experiment. In our field experiment, we chose eight different densities of AM fungal amendment, ranging from 0 to 8192 kg/hectare, representing conventional agricultural practices (no AM fungi addition), commercial product density recommendations, and higher densities more typical of past scientific investigation. We found that plant species that benefited from native mycorrhizal inocula in the greenhouse also benefited from inoculation in the field polyculture planting. However, the densities of mycorrhizal inocula suggested on commercial mycorrhizal products were ineffective, and higher concentrations were required to detect significant benefit plant growth and survival. These data suggest that higher concentrations of mycorrhizal amendment or perhaps alternative distribution methods may be required to utilize native mycorrhizal amendment in agroecology systems.

Choosing Species to Enhance Native Plant Abundance Following Biological Control of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lesica ◽  
D. Hanna ◽  
N. Birkeland
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Abundance

scholarly journals Long-term grazing removal increased invasion and reduced native plant abundance and diversity in a sagebrush grassland

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e01267
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Porensky ◽  
Rachel McGee ◽  
David W. Pellatz
Keyword(s):  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

scholarly journals Climate anomalies provide opportunities for large-scale mapping of non-native plant abundance in desert grasslands

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 875-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cho-ying Huang ◽  
Erika L. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Climate Anomalies

Non-native plants affect generalist pollinator diet overlap and foraging behavior indirectly, via impacts on native plant abundance

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3179-3191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gillespie ◽  
Elizabeth Elle
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Diet Overlap ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Abundance

Targeted Grazing Impacts on Invasive and Native Plant Abundance Change with Grazing Duration and Stocking Density

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy J. James ◽  
Josh Davy ◽  
Morgan P. Doran ◽  
Theresa Becchetti ◽  
Philip Brownsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Density ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Grazing Impacts ◽  
Targeted Grazing
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