scholarly journals How to increase the supply of native seed to improve restoration success: the US native seed development process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly L. McCormick ◽  
Amanda N. Carr ◽  
Rob Massatti ◽  
Daniel E. Winkler ◽  
Patricia De Angelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Restoration Success ◽  
Native Seed ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Key Elements and Their Roles in Entrepreneurship Education Ecosystem: Comparative Review and Suggestions for Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10648
Author(s):  
Haibin Liu ◽  
Sadan Kulturel-Konak ◽  
Abdullah Konak
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Growth Equilibrium ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The University

This paper examines two core issues of the university-based entrepreneurship education ecosystem by explicating the key elements of the ecosystem and their roles, and the development process and sustainable construction strategy of the ecosystem. Thirty stakeholders of ecosystems from the US universities were interviewed, and the transcripts of these interviews were coded through a three-phase process, including open, axial, selective coding, and were analyzed based on the grounded theory. It was found that (i) the key elements of the university-based entrepreneurship education ecosystem consist of six units (colleges and universities, learners, educators, government, industry, and community) acting as initiators and seven factors (entrepreneurship curriculum, entrepreneurial activities and practices, organizational structure, resources, leadership vision, core faculty, and operating mechanism) acting as the intermediaries; (ii) These key elements constitute three independent functional subsystems, namely, teaching and innovation, support, and operation that are interconnected by the universities; (iii) The development process of a university-based entrepreneurship education ecosystem involves seven steps as preparation, germination, growth, equilibrium, stagnation, recession, and collapse; (iv) For sustainability, suggestions on a solid foundation, continuous investment, and constant monitoring are provided to university administrators and policymakers to advance higher education’s contribution to social and economic development.

scholarly journals The APETALA2 transcription factor LsAP2 regulates seed shape in lettuce

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Luo ◽  
Shenglin Wang ◽  
Kang Ning ◽  
Zijing Chen ◽  
Yixin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Significant Function

Abstract Seeds are major vehicles of propagation and dispersal in plants. A number of transcription factors, including APETALA2 (AP2), play crucial roles during the seed development process in various plant species. However, genes essential for seed development and the regulatory networks during seed development remain unclear in lettuce. Here, we identified a lettuce AP2 (LsAP2) gene that was highly expressed at the early stages of seed development. LsAP2 knockout plants obtained by the CRISPR/Cas9 system were used to explore the biological function of LsAP2. Compared with wild-type, the seeds of the Lsap2 mutant plants had increased length and decreased width, and developed an extended tip at the seed top. After further investigating the seed structural characteristics of Lsap2 mutant plants, we proposed a new function of LsAP2 in seed dispersal. Moreover, we identified several interactors of LsAP2. Our results showed that LsAP2 directly interacted with the lettuce homolog of BREVIPEDICELLUS (LsBP) and promoted the expression of LsBP. Transcriptome analysis revealed that LsAP2 might also be involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Taken together, our data indicate that LsAP2 has a significant function in regulating seed shape in lettuce.

scholarly journals Factors driving and influencing the development of serious games

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Møller ◽  
Poul Kyvsgaard Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Serious Games ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
General Level ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Us ◽  
Game Developers

There are a large variety of serious games aimed at infusing knowledge into both teams and organizations. Some games aims at supporting the team in a given project or development process, whereas others aim at widening the knowledge, skills and competences in an organization on a more general level. In the serious game literature most focus and attention is given to the design and development of digital games. However in Denmark, at least, there has been a growing industry of analogue serious games and serious game facilitation, which give evidence to the fact that not all development in the area of serious games happens in terms of the digital versions. This paper investigate these new analog serious games and learning tools in the Danish market with focus on the drivers and influencing factors during their development and the effort of making a business out of the serious games. Empirically, the paper is based on close interaction and semi-structured interviews with some of the key serious game developers in Denmark (plus one in the US), some of them with a portfolio of up to ten serious games. Besides from uncovering some of the basic motivations to design and develop serious games, the paper will show, how the game developers’ interaction with the end-users and their different business strategies, influences the way the game is developed.

scholarly journals PENGARUH BEBERAPA FITOHORMON PADA PEMBENTUKAN MUTAN BARLEY (Hordeum Vulgare) DENGAN FENOTIP BIJI ABNORMAL

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Ira N. Djajanegara
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Filling Process ◽  
Normal Phenotype

Seg8 is the shrunken endosperm mutant occured naturally in barley (Hordeum vulgare). This recessive mutant does not express xenia which indicates that the endosperm phenotypes depend on the genotype of the diploid maternal parents. This mutant provides an opportunity to analyze factors produced by the female parent that affect the seed development process. One of the factors affecting seed development and growth is phytohormones. In vitro spike culture system adopted from wheat spike culture system was used to investigate the involvement of phytohormones in the grain filling process. Phytohormones were applied during 15 days period of culture. Phytohormones concentrations used were as follows abscisic acid 10–4 M, 5x10–5 M, 10–6M, 5x10–7M and 10–7M. Gibberelic acid concentrations were 5x10–3 M, 5x10–4 M, 5x10–5 M, 2.5x10–5M, 10-5M and 2x10–6M. Cytokinin concentrations were 2x10–6 M, 2x10–7 M and 2x10–8 M. In this experiment, 2 days before anthesis is the best stage to start the spike culture period and 15 days period of culture is sufficient to observe the grain filling process and emergence of the mutant phenotype. The phytohormones treatments as well as their respective concentrations were not able to recover the normal phenotype. Abscisic acid treatment at 5x10-7 M were able to increase the mutant grain dry weight significantly compared to untreated culture but the normal phenotype was not recovered. This indicates that lack of phytohormones was not the maternal factor affecting the seed development process in this particular mutant.

Development of a balanced scorecard for flight line maintenance activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Nachtmann ◽  
Terry Collins ◽  
Justin R. Chimka ◽  
Jingjing Tong
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Air Force ◽  
The Us ◽  
Three Stages

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a balanced scorecard (BSC) for flight line maintenance (MX) activities in the US Air Force. Design/methodology/approach – The BSC development process consists of three stages: groundwork, design beginning with structuring of organizational strategic elements through performance measure identification and construction of the BSC framework, and finalization for continuous improvement. Findings – Based on logistics expert responses the authors validated a case BSC for flight line MX activities within an aircraft maintenance unit. Validation was done with respect to perspective measures including mission, influencing factors, management, and information enhancement. Originality/value – BSC development through identification of mission critical performance measures should improve performance of aircraft scheduling and achievement of mission objectives. Guidelines were used to develop a case validated by Air Force logistics personnel.

Creative and Innovative Statistics in Clinical Research and Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (04) ◽  
pp. 551-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Compound A ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reduced Time

Summary Objectives: The aim of this paper is to show that even in a highly regulated area such as clinical research and development in pharmaceutical industry, there are needs and ample opportunities for statisticians and other medical informatics professionals to further creatively develop and implement methods in order to support the collection, analysis and interpretation of clinical data. Methods: The recently published “Critical Path” initiative of the US Food and Drug Administration discusses the decline in new drug submissions in the last decade and illustrates potential causes in the present clinical development process. Areas where statisticians can and have begun to look for new innovative ways to overcome these shortcomings are presented and examples of such novel approaches that have been developed by statistical methodologists in the pharmaceutical industry together with statisticians in academia are given. Results: In Early Development, i.e., in the first studies in man with a new compound, a combination of Bayesian methods and modeling approaches is particularly promising to increase the efficiency of decision making whereas in later phases (IIb and III) a marriage of modeling and classical frequentist approaches together with novel adaptive designs is expected to help to chose the right dose regimen and to perform the trials more efficiently in reduced time. Conclusions: The combination of known statistical methods and thinking and the development of new approaches are in line with the present paradigm of “learning and confirming” in regulated clinical development while increasing the efficiency of both.

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