Parental suicide attempt and subsequent risk of pre‐enlistment suicide attempt among male and female new soldiers in the U.S. Army

Abstract Background Physician attire has been shown to impact patients’ perceptions of their provider with regards to professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness in various surgical subspecialties, except in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Objectives This study aims to address this knowledge gap and obtain objective information regarding patients’ preferences. Methods A survey was distributed to adult, English-speaking participants in the U.S. using Amazon MTurk platform from February 2020 to December 2020. Participants were asked to evaluate six attires (scrubs, scrubs w/ white coat, formal attire, formal attire w/ white coat, casual, casual w/ white coat) in terms of professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness for male and female plastic surgeons during their first encounter in clinic using a 5-point Likert scale. Results A total of 316 responses were obtained, which consists of 43.4% men and 56.6% women. Mean age of participants was 53.2 years. The highest scores across all metrics of professionalism, competency, trustworthiness, willingness to share information, confidence in the provider, and confidence in surgical outcomes were given to the formal attire with white coat group with average scores of 4.85, 4.71, 4.69, 4.73, 4.79, 4.72, respectively. The lowest scores across all metrics belonged to the casual attire group with scores of 3.36, 3.29, 3.31, 3.39, 3.29, 3.20, respectively. Patients preferred formal attires for young plastic surgeons (p=0.039). Conclusions Our study suggests that physician attire impacts patients’ perception of plastic surgeons with regards to their professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness. White coats continue to remain a powerful entity in clinical settings given that attires with white coats were consistently ranked higher.

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Early First Deployment and Risk of Suicide Attempt Among First‐term Enlisted Soldiers in the U.S. Army

Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior ◽

10.1111/sltb.12592 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 345-358

Author(s):

James A. Naifeh ◽

Robert J. Ursano ◽

Ronald C. Kessler ◽

Pablo A. Aliaga ◽

Holly B. Herberman Mash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Enlisted Soldiers ◽

The U.S

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Using self-report surveys at the beginning of service to develop multi-outcome risk models for new soldiers in the U.S. Army

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s003329171700071x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (13) ◽

pp. 2275-2287 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. J. Rosellini ◽

M. B. Stein ◽

D. M. Benedek ◽

P. D. Bliese ◽

W. T. Chiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Self Report ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Negative Outcomes ◽

Risk Models ◽

Violence Perpetration ◽

Years Of Service ◽

Predicted Risk ◽

The U.S

BackgroundThe U.S. Army uses universal preventives interventions for several negative outcomes (e.g. suicide, violence, sexual assault) with especially high risks in the early years of service. More intensive interventions exist, but would be cost-effective only if targeted at high-risk soldiers. We report results of efforts to develop models for such targeting from self-report surveys administered at the beginning of Army service.Methods21 832 new soldiers completed a self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) in 2011–2012 and consented to link administrative data to SAQ responses. Penalized regression models were developed for 12 administratively-recorded outcomes occurring by December 2013: suicide attempt, mental hospitalization, positive drug test, traumatic brain injury (TBI), other severe injury, several types of violence perpetration and victimization, demotion, and attrition.ResultsThe best-performing models were for TBI (AUC = 0.80), major physical violence perpetration (AUC = 0.78), sexual assault perpetration (AUC = 0.78), and suicide attempt (AUC = 0.74). Although predicted risk scores were significantly correlated across outcomes, prediction was not improved by including risk scores for other outcomes in models. Of particular note: 40.5% of suicide attempts occurred among the 10% of new soldiers with highest predicted risk, 57.2% of male sexual assault perpetrations among the 15% with highest predicted risk, and 35.5% of female sexual assault victimizations among the 10% with highest predicted risk.ConclusionsData collected at the beginning of service in self-report surveys could be used to develop risk models that define small proportions of new soldiers accounting for high proportions of negative outcomes over the first few years of service.

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Time to Hospitalization for Suicide Attempt by the Timing of Parental Suicide During Offspring Early Development

JAMA Psychiatry ◽

10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.274 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 149 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S. Janet Kuramoto ◽

Bo Runeson ◽

Elizabeth A. Stuart ◽

Paul Lichtenstein ◽

Holly C. Wilcox

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Early Development ◽

Parental Suicide

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On Tour before Domestic Audiences

10.5406/illinois/9780252039348.003.0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Beth Abelson Macleod

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Nineteenth Century ◽

Classical Music ◽

The United States ◽

Male And Female ◽

Separate Spheres ◽

Cultural Activities ◽

Nineteenth Century America ◽

Evolution Of Music ◽

The U.S

This chapter focuses on Fannie Bloomfield-Zeisler's piano recitals in the United States. It begins with a discussion of the development of an almost sacred canon of composers and the elevation of classical music to a virtual religious status as articulated by critic and transcendentalist John Sullivan Dwight and others. It then considers the bifurcation of various U.S. cultural activities into separate spheres—popular and elite—as described by historian Lawrence Levine, and how recent scholars have modified Levine's position with regard to the evolution of music in nineteenth-century America. The chapter also chronicles the practical aspects of touring in the nation, such as train travel, itineraries, packing lists, and hotels. Finally, it describes Bloomfield-Zeisler's recitals and how they compared with those of her contemporaries, both male and female; the U.S. audiences during that time—their makeup, behavior, etiquette, and their reactions to Bloomfield-Zeisler's performances; and how Bloomfield-Zeisler played.

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Impact of childhood abuse history on psychological symptoms among male and female soldiers in The U.S. Army

Child Abuse & Neglect ◽

10.1016/s0145-2134(96)00112-3 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 1149-1160 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Leora N. Rosen ◽

Lee Martin

Keyword(s):

Childhood Abuse ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Abuse History ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Soldiers ◽

The U.S

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Male and Female Single-Victim Sexual Homicide Offenders: Distinguishing the Types of Weapons Used in Killing Their Victims

Sexual Abuse ◽

10.1177/1079063217724765 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 127-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan ◽

Kathleen M. Heide ◽

Eric Beauregard

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Offenders ◽

Sexual Homicide ◽

Male And Female ◽

The U.S

Most studies have focused on male sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) without testing whether sex differences exist. Accordingly, little is known about the distinctions between male and female SHOs, particularly with respect to their use of weapons in killing their victims. This study used a sample of 3,160 single-victim sexual homicide cases (3,009 male and 151 female offenders) from the U.S. Supplementary Homicide Reports database to explore sex differences in the types of murder weapons used by offenders in killing victims over the 37-year period 1976 to 2012. Findings indicated that significantly more male SHOs used personal weapons (43%) and more female SHOs used firearms (63%) in their offense commission. In general, female offenders predominantly used weapons that were physically less demanding (e.g., firearms and edged and other weapons; 89%). Different trends in the murder weapons used by male and female SHOs from different age groups were observed. Interestingly, findings showed that the type of weapon used by SHOs was in part influenced by the victims and their characteristics.

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Assessing Suicide Attempt and Completed Suicide in the U.S. Army

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e601602010-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Sandra A. Black

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Completed Suicide ◽

The U.S

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A Spatial Analysis of Male and Female Unemployment in the USA

Public Affairs and Administration ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8358-7.ch092 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 1797-1809

Author(s):

Edmund J. Zolnik

Keyword(s):

Multilevel Models ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Men And Women ◽

Male And Female ◽

Individual Level ◽

Right To Work ◽

The Usa ◽

The Individual ◽

The U.S

An analysis of male and female unemployment in the U.S. explores how gender affects spatial variation in unemployment. The effects of spatially-unlagged and spatially-lagged unemployment rates on the likelihood that individual men and women are unemployed are also explored. Using a recent tabulation of microdata from the American Community Survey, multilevel models of male and female unemployment are fit. Results indicate that age and occupation at the individual-level and a right-to-work dummy at the PUMA-level are the variables that best distinguish unemployed men and women. Results also indicate that unemployment for men is more clustered in space than unemployment for women. Finally, results indicate that the vast majority of the variation in unemployment for individuals in the U.S. is attributable to the personal characteristics of unemployed men and women, not the locational characteristics of high-unemployment places. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of the latter result.

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